2 Timothy 4:1

American Standard Version (1901)

I charge [thee] in the sight of God, and of Christ Jesus, who shall judge the living and the dead, and by his appearing and his kingdom:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Διαμαρτύρομαι οὖν ἐγὼ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τοῦ μέλλοντος κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς κατὰ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ·

Transliteration

Diamartyromai oun egō enōpion of the Theou, and of the Kyriou Iēsou Christou, the mellontos krinein zōntas and nekrous kata the epiphaneian of him and the basileian of him

Grammar Details

• *Diamartyromai*: present indicative middle/passive, 1st person singular - I solemnly charge/testify
• *oun*: inferential conjunction - therefore/then
• *egō*: personal pronoun, nominative singular - I/myself (emphatic)
• *enōpion*: preposition + genitive - before/in the presence of
• *Theou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of God
• *Kyriou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of Lord
• *Iēsou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of Jesus
• *Christou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of Christ/Messiah
• *mellontos*: participle, present active, genitive masculine singular - who is about to/going to
• *krinein*: infinitive, present active - to judge
• *zōntas*: participle, present active, accusative masculine plural - living ones
• *nekrous*: adjective used as noun, accusative masculine plural - dead ones
• *kata*: preposition + accusative - according to/at
• *epiphaneian*: noun, accusative feminine singular - appearing/manifestation
• *basileian*: noun, accusative feminine singular - kingdom/reign

Word Meanings

• *Diamartyromai*: solemnly testify/charge/adjure
• *enōpion*: before/in the presence of/in the sight of
• *mellontos*: who is about to/who is going to/intending to
• *epiphaneian*: appearing/manifestation/visible presence
• *basileian*: kingdom/reign/royal power

Referenced Verses

• Acts 10:42 : 42 And he charged us to preach unto the people, and to testify that this is he who is ordained of God [to be] the Judge of the living and the dead.
• 1 Tim 5:21 : 21 I charge [thee] in the sight of God, and Christ Jesus, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing by partiality.
• Matt 16:27 : 27 For the Son of man shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels; and then shall he render unto every man according to his deeds.
• 2 Tim 2:14 : 14 Of these things put them in remembrance, charging [them] in the sight of the Lord, that they strive not about words, to no profit, to the subverting of them that hear.
• 2 Tim 4:8 : 8 henceforth there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous judge, shall give to me at that day; and not to me only, but also to all them that have loved his appearing.
• Titus 2:13 : 13 looking for the blessed hope and appearing of the glory of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ;
• Heb 9:27-28 : 27 And inasmuch as it is appointed unto men once to die, and after this [cometh] judgment; 28 so Christ also, having been once offered to bear the sins of many, shall appear a second time, apart from sin, to them that wait for him, unto salvation.
• 1 Pet 4:5 : 5 who shall give account to him that is ready to judge the living and the dead.
• Rev 20:11-15 : 11 And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat upon it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them. 12 And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne; and books were opened: and another book was opened, which is [the book] of life: and the dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works. 13 And the sea gave up the dead that were in it; and death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works. 14 And death and Hades were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death, [even] the lake of fire. 15 And if any was not found written in the book of life, he was cast into the lake of fire.
• 1 Pet 5:4 : 4 And when the chief Shepherd shall be manifested, ye shall receive the crown of glory that fadeth not away.
• 2 Pet 1:11 : 11 for thus shall be richly supplied unto you the entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.
• 2 Pet 1:17 : 17 For he received from God the Father honor and glory, when there was borne such a voice to him by the Majestic Glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased:
• 1 John 2:28 : 28 And now, [my] little children, abide in him; that, if he shall be manifested, we may have boldness, and not be ashamed before him at his coming.
• Rev 1:7 : 7 Behold, he cometh with the clouds; and every eye shall see him, and they that pierced him; and all the tribes of the earth shall mourn over him. Even so, Amen.
• 1 Pet 1:7 : 7 that the proof of your faith, [being] more precious than gold that perisheth though it is proved by fire, may be found unto praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ:
• Matt 25:31-46 : 31 But when the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the angels with him, then shall he sit on the throne of his glory: 32 and before him shall be gathered all the nations: and he shall separate them one from another, as the shepherd separateth the sheep from the goats; 33 and he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left. 34 Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world: 35 for I was hungry, and ye gave me to eat; I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink; I was a stranger, and ye took me in; 36 naked, and ye clothed me; I was sick, and ye visited me; I was in prison, and ye came unto me. 37 Then shall the righteous answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee hungry, and fed thee? or athirst, and gave thee drink? 38 And when saw we thee a stranger, and took thee in? or naked, and clothed thee? 39 And when saw we thee sick, or in prison, and came unto thee? 40 And the King shall answer and say unto them, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye did it unto one of these my brethren, [even] these least, ye did it unto me. 41 Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into the eternal fire which is prepared for the devil and his angels: 42 for I was hungry, and ye did not give me to eat; I was thirsty, and ye gave me no drink; 43 I was a stranger, and ye took me not in; naked, and ye clothed me not; sick, and in prison, and ye visited me not. 44 Then shall they also answer, saying, Lord, when saw we thee hungry, or athirst, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and did not minister unto thee? 45 Then shall he answer them, saying, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye did it not unto one of these least, ye did it not unto me. 46 And these shall go away into eternal punishment: but the righteous into eternal life.
• Luke 19:12 : 12 He said therefore, A certain nobleman went into a far country, to receive for himself a kingdom, and to return.
• Luke 19:15 : 15 And it came to pass, when he was come back again, having received the kingdom, that he commanded these servants, unto whom he had given the money, to be called to him, that he might know what they had gained by trading.
• Luke 23:42 : 42 And he said, Jesus, remember me when thou comest in thy kingdom.
• John 5:22-27 : 22 For neither doth the Father judge any man, but he hath given all judgment unto the Son; 23 that all may honor the Son, even as they honor the Father. He that honoreth not the Son honoreth not the Father that sent him. 24 Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that heareth my word, and believeth him that sent me, hath eternal life, and cometh not into judgment, but hath passed out of death into life. 25 Verily, verily, I say unto you, The hour cometh, and now is, when the dead shall hear the voice of the Son of God; and they that hear shall live. 26 For as the Father hath life in himself, even so gave he to the Son also to have life in himself: 27 and he gave him authority to execute judgment, because he is a son of man.
• 1 Tim 6:13-14 : 13 I charge thee in the sight of God, who giveth life to all things, and of Christ Jesus, who before Pontius Pilate witnessed the good confession; 14 that thou keep the commandment, without spot, without reproach, until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ:
• Ps 50:6 : 6 And the heavens shall declare his righteousness; For God is judge himself. {{Selah
• Ps 96:13 : 13 Before Jehovah; For he cometh, For he cometh to judge the earth: He will judge the world with righteousness, And the peoples with his truth.
• Ps 98:9 : 9 Before Jehovah; For he cometh to judge the earth: He will judge the world with righteousness, And the peoples with equity.
• Acts 17:31 : 31 inasmuch as he hath appointed a day in which he will judge the world in righteousness by the man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.
• Rom 2:16 : 16 in the day when God shall judge the secrets of men, according to my gospel, by Jesus Christ.
• Rom 14:9-9 : 9 For to this end Christ died and lived [again], that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living. 10 But thou, why dost thou judge thy brother? or thou again, why dost thou set at nought thy brother? for we shall all stand before the judgment-seat of God. 11 For it is written, As I live, saith the Lord, to me every knee shall bow, And every tongue shall confess to God.
• 1 Cor 4:4-5 : 4 For I know nothing against myself; yet am I not hereby justified: but he that judgeth me is the Lord. 5 Wherefore judge nothing before the time, until the Lord come, who will both bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and make manifest the counsels of the hearts; and then shall each man have his praise from God.
• 2 Cor 5:9-9 : 9 Wherefore also we make it our aim, whether at home or absent, to be well-pleasing unto him. 10 For we must all be made manifest before the judgment-seat of Christ; that each one may receive the things [done] in the body, according to what he hath done, whether [it be] good or bad.
• Col 3:4 : 4 When Christ, [who is] our life, shall be manifested, then shall ye also with him be manifested in glory.
• 1 Thess 4:15-16 : 15 For this we say unto you by the word of the Lord, that we that are alive, that are left unto the coming of the Lord, shall in no wise precede them that are fallen asleep. 16 For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven, with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first;
• 2 Thess 1:7-9 : 7 and to you that are afflicted rest with us, at the revelation of the Lord Jesus from heaven with the angels of his power in flaming fire, 8 rendering vengeance to them that know not God, and to them that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus: 9 who shall suffer punishment, [even] eternal destruction from the face of the Lord and from the glory of his might, 10 when he shall come to be glorified in his saints, and to be marvelled at in all them that believed (because our testimony unto you was believed) in that day.
• 2 Thess 2:8 : 8 And then shall be revealed the lawless one, whom the Lord Jesus shall slay with the breath of his mouth, and bring to nought by the manifestation of his coming;