Hebrews 12:23

American Standard Version (1901)

to the general assembly and church of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

καὶ ἐκκλησίᾳ πρωτοτόκων, ἐν οὐρανοῖς ἀπογεγραμμένων, καὶ Κριτῇ Θεῷ πάντων, καὶ πνεύμασιν δικαίων τετελειωμένων,

Transliteration

and ekklēsia prōtotokōn, in ouranois apogegrammenōn, and to Kritē Theō of all, and to pneumasin dikaiōn teteleōmenōn,

Grammar Details

• *ekklēsia*: noun, dative, singular, feminine - to assembly/congregation/church
• *prōtotokōn*: noun, genitive, plural, masculine - of firstborn ones
• *ouranois*: noun, dative, plural, masculine - in heavens
• *apogegrammenōn*: participle, perfect passive, genitive, plural, masculine - having been registered/enrolled
• *Kritē*: noun, dative, singular, masculine - to Judge
• *Theō*: noun, dative, singular, masculine - to God
• *pneumasin*: noun, dative, plural, neuter - to spirits
• *dikaiōn*: adjective, genitive, plural, masculine - of righteous ones
• *teteleōmenōn*: participle, perfect passive, genitive, plural, masculine - having been perfected/completed

Word Meanings

• *ekklēsia*: assembly/congregation/church/gathering
• *prōtotokōn*: firstborn ones/those having birthright
• *apogegrammenōn*: having been registered/enrolled/recorded
• *Kritē*: Judge/one who judges
• *dikaiōn*: righteous ones/just ones
• *teteleōmenōn*: having been perfected/completed/brought to maturity

Referenced Verses

• Exod 4:22 : 22 And thou shalt say unto Pharaoh, Thus saith Jehovah, Israel is my son, my first-born:
• Luke 10:20 : 20 Nevertheless in this rejoice not, that the spirits are subject unto you; but rejoice that your names are written in heaven.
• Ps 94:2 : 2 Lift up thyself, thou judge of the earth: Render to the proud [their] desert.
• Gen 18:25 : 25 That be far from thee to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked, that so the righteous should be as the wicked; that be far from thee: shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?
• Heb 6:10-12 : 10 for God is not unrighteous to forget your work and the love which ye showed toward his name, in that ye ministered unto the saints, and still do minister. 11 And we desire that each one of you may show the same diligence unto the fulness of hope even to the end: 12 that ye be not sluggish, but imitators of them who through faith and patience inherit the promises.
• Heb 11:40 : 40 God having provided some better thing concerning us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.
• Eph 1:22 : 22 and he put all things in subjection under his feet, and gave him to be head over all things to the church,
• Eph 5:24-27 : 24 But as the church is subject to Christ, so [let] the wives also [be] to their husbands in everything. 25 Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave himself up for it; 26 that he might sanctify it, having cleansed it by the washing of water with the word, 27 that he might present the church to himself a glorious [church], not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish.
• Phil 1:21-23 : 21 For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain. 22 But if to live in the flesh,--[ if] this shall bring fruit from my work, then what I shall choose I know not. 23 But I am in a strait betwixt the two, having the desire to depart and be with Christ; for it is very far better:
• Phil 3:12-21 : 12 Not that I have already obtained, or am already made perfect: but I press on, if so be that I may lay hold on that for which also I was laid hold on by Christ Jesus. 13 Brethren, I count not myself yet to have laid hold: but one thing [I do], forgetting the things which are behind, and stretching forward to the things which are before, 14 I press on toward the goal unto the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus. 15 Let us therefore, as many as are perfect, be thus minded: and if in anything ye are otherwise minded, this also shall God reveal unto you: 16 only, whereunto we have attained, by that same [rule] let us walk. 17 Brethren, be ye imitators together of me, and mark them that so walk even as ye have us for an ensample. 18 For many walk, of whom I told you often, and now tell you even weeping, [that they are] the enemies of the cross of Christ: 19 whose end is perdition, whose god is the belly, and [whose] glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things. 20 For our citizenship is in heaven; whence also we wait for a Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ: 21 who shall fashion anew the body of our humiliation, [that it may be] conformed to the body of his glory, according to the working whereby he is able even to subject all things unto himself.
• Phil 4:3 : 3 Yea, I beseech thee also, true yokefellow, help these women, for they labored with me in the gospel, with Clement also, and the rest of my fellow-workers, whose names are in the book of life. [
• Col 1:12 : 12 giving thanks unto the Father, who made us meet to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light;
• Col 1:24 : 24 Now I rejoice in my sufferings for your sake, and fill up on my part that which is lacking of the afflictions of Christ in my flesh for his body's sake, which is the church;
• 2 Thess 1:5-7 : 5 [ which is] a manifest token of the righteous judgment of God; to the end that ye may be counted worthy of the kingdom of God, for which ye also suffer: 6 if so be that it is righteous thing with God to recompense affliction to them that afflict you, 7 and to you that are afflicted rest with us, at the revelation of the Lord Jesus from heaven with the angels of his power in flaming fire,
• 1 Tim 3:5 : 5 (but if a man knoweth not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God?)
• Jas 1:18 : 18 Of his own will he brought us forth by the word of truth, that we should be a kind of firstfruits of his creatures.
• 1 Pet 2:23 : 23 who, when he was reviled, reviled not again; when he suffered threatened not; but committed [himself] to him that judgeth righteously:
• Rev 7:14-17 : 14 And I say unto him, My lord, thou knowest. And he said to me, These are they that come out of the great tribulation, and they washed their robes, and made them white in the blood of the Lamb. [ 15 Therefore are they before the throne of God; and they serve him day and night in his temple: and he that sitteth on the throne shall spread his tabernacle over them. 16 They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more; neither shall the sun strike upon them, nor any heat: 17 for the Lamb that is in the midst of the throne shall be their shepherd, and shall guide them unto fountains of waters of life: and God shall wipe away every tear from their eyes.
• Rev 13:8 : 8 And all that dwell on the earth shall worship him, [every one] whose name hath not been written from the foundation of the world in the book of life of the Lamb that hath been slain.
• Rev 14:4 : 4 These are they that were not defiled with women; for they are virgins. These [are] they that follow the Lamb whithersoever he goeth. These were purchased from among men, [to be] the firstfruits unto God and unto the Lamb.
• Rev 20:15 : 15 And if any was not found written in the book of life, he was cast into the lake of fire.
• Heb 9:27 : 27 And inasmuch as it is appointed unto men once to die, and after this [cometh] judgment;
• Heb 11:4 : 4 By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he had witness borne to him that he was righteous, God bearing witness in respect of his gifts: and through it he being dead yet speaketh.
• Ps 96:13 : 13 Before Jehovah; For he cometh, For he cometh to judge the earth: He will judge the world with righteousness, And the peoples with his truth.
• Ps 98:9 : 9 Before Jehovah; For he cometh to judge the earth: He will judge the world with righteousness, And the peoples with equity.
• Ps 111:1 : 1 Praise ye Jehovah. I will give thanks unto Jehovah with my whole heart, In the council of the upright, and in the congregation.
• Eccl 12:7 : 7 and the dust returneth to the earth as it was, and the spirit returneth unto God who gave it.
• Jer 31:9 : 9 They shall come with weeping; and with supplications will I lead them: I will cause them to walk by rivers of waters, in a straight way wherein they shall not stumble; for I am a father to Israel, and Ephraim is my first-born.
• Matt 25:31-34 : 31 But when the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the angels with him, then shall he sit on the throne of his glory: 32 and before him shall be gathered all the nations: and he shall separate them one from another, as the shepherd separateth the sheep from the goats; 33 and he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left. 34 Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world:
• John 5:27 : 27 and he gave him authority to execute judgment, because he is a son of man.
• Acts 20:28 : 28 Take heed unto yourselves, and to all the flock, in which the Holy Spirit hath made you bishops, to feed the church of the Lord which he purchased with his own blood.
• 1 Cor 13:12 : 12 For now we see in a mirror, darkly; but then face to face: now I know in part; but then shall I know fully even as also I was fully known.
• 1 Cor 15:49 : 49 And as we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly.
• 1 Cor 15:54 : 54 But when this corruptible shall have put on incorruption, and this mortal shall have put on immortality, then shall come to pass the saying that is written, Death is swallowed up in victory.
• 2 Cor 5:8 : 8 we are of good courage, I say, and are willing rather to be absent from the body, and to be at home with the Lord.
• Exod 13:2 : 2 Sanctify unto me all the first-born, whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast: it is mine.
• Exod 32:32 : 32 Yet now, if thou wilt forgive their sin--; and if not, blot me, I pray thee, out of thy book which thou hast written.
• Deut 21:17 : 17 but he shall acknowledge the first-born, the son of the hated, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath; for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the first-born is his.
• Ps 50:5-6 : 5 Gather my saints together unto me, Those that have made a covenant with me by sacrifice. 6 And the heavens shall declare his righteousness; For God is judge himself. {{Selah
• Ps 69:28 : 28 Let them be blotted out of the book of life, And not be written with the righteous.
• Ps 89:7 : 7 A God very terrible in the council of the holy ones, And to be feared above all them that are round about him?
• Ps 89:27 : 27 I also will make him [my] first-born, The highest of the kings of the earth.