Isaiah 5:7

American Standard Version (1901)

For the vineyard of Jehovah of hosts is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant: and he looked for justice, but, behold, oppression; for righteousness, but, behold, a cry.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּ֣י כֶ֜רֶם יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה נְטַ֖ע שַׁעֲשׁוּעָ֑יו וַיְקַ֤ו לְמִשְׁפָּט֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה מִשְׂפָּ֔ח לִצְדָקָ֖ה וְהִנֵּ֥ה צְעָקָֽה׃

Transliteration

For kî the kerem of YHWH ṣəbāʾôt is bêt yiśrāʾēl, and wə-ʾîš yəhûdâ is the neṭaʿ of his šaʿăšûʿāyw; and he wayəqaw for mišpāṭ but wəhinnēh miśpāḥ, for ṣədāqâ but wəhinnēh ṣəʿāqâ.

Grammar Details

• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *kerem*: masculine singular construct - vineyard of
• *YHWH*: proper noun - LORD
• *ṣəbāʾôt*: masculine plural noun - hosts/armies
• *bêt*: masculine singular construct - house of
• *yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *wə*: conjunction - and
• *ʾîš*: masculine singular construct - men of
• *yəhûdâ*: proper noun - Judah
• *neṭaʿ*: masculine singular construct - planting of
• *šaʿăšûʿāyw*: masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his delight
• *wayəqaw*: piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and he looked for
• *mišpāṭ*: masculine singular noun - justice
• *wəhinnēh*: conjunction with demonstrative particle - but behold
• *miśpāḥ*: masculine singular noun - bloodshed/oppression
• *ṣədāqâ*: feminine singular noun - righteousness
• *ṣəʿāqâ*: feminine singular noun - cry/outcry

Word Meanings

• *ṣəbāʾôt*: hosts/armies/celestial bodies
• *neṭaʿ*: planting/plant/plantation
• *šaʿăšûʿāyw*: delight/pleasure/joy
• *miśpāḥ*: bloodshed/oppression/injustice
• *ṣəʿāqâ*: cry/outcry/distress

Referenced Verses

• Ps 80:8-9 : 8 Thou broughtest a vine out of Egypt: Thou didst drive out the nations, and plantedst it. 9 Thou preparedst [room] before it, And it took deep root, and filled the land. 10 The mountains were covered with the shadow of it, And the boughs thereof were [like] cedars of God. 11 It sent out its branches unto the sea, And its shoots unto the River.
• Ps 80:15 : 15 And the stock which thy right hand planted, And the branch that thou madest strong for thyself.
• Ps 147:11 : 11 Jehovah taketh pleasure in them that fear him, In those that hope in his lovingkindness.
• Ps 149:4 : 4 For Jehovah taketh pleasure in his people: He will beautify the meek with salvation.
• Prov 21:13 : 13 Whoso stoppeth his ears at the cry of the poor, He also shall cry, but shall not be heard.
• Song 7:6 : 6 How fair and how pleasant art thou, O love, for delights!
• Isa 1:6 : 6 From the sole of the foot even unto the head there is no soundness in it; [but] wounds, and bruises, and fresh stripes: they have not been closed, neither bound up, neither mollified with oil.
• Isa 3:14 : 14 Jehovah will enter into judgment with the elders of his people, and the princes thereof: It is ye that have eaten up the vineyard; the spoil of the poor is in your houses:
• Isa 3:17 : 17 therefore the Lord will smite with a scab the crown of the head of the daughters of Zion, and Jehovah will lay bare their secret parts.
• Isa 5:2 : 2 and he digged it, and gathered out the stones thereof, and planted it with the choicest vine, and built a tower in the midst of it, and also hewed out a winepress therein: and he looked that it should bring forth grapes, and it brought forth wild grapes.
• Isa 58:6-8 : 6 Is not this the fast that I have chosen: to loose the bonds of wickedness, to undo the bands of the yoke, and to let the oppressed go free, and that ye break every yoke? 7 Is it not to deal thy bread to the hungry, and that thou bring the poor that are cast out to thy house? when thou seest the naked, that thou cover him; and that thou hide not thyself from thine own flesh? 8 Then shall thy light break forth as the morning, and thy healing shall spring forth speedily; and thy righteousness shall go before thee; the glory of Jehovah shall by thy rearward.
• Isa 62:5 : 5 For as a young man marrieth a virgin, so shall thy sons marry thee; and as the bridegroom rejoiceth over the bride, so shall thy God rejoice over thee.
• Jer 12:10 : 10 Many shepherds have destroyed my vineyard, they have trodden my portion under foot, they have made my pleasant portion a desolate wilderness.
• Mic 6:8 : 8 He hath showed thee, O man, what is good; and what doth Jehovah require of thee, but to do justly, and to love kindness, and to walk humbly with thy God?
• Zeph 3:17 : 17 Jehovah thy God is in the midst of thee, a mighty one who will save; he will rejoice over thee with joy; he will rest in his love; he will joy over thee with singing.
• Zech 7:9-9 : 9 Thus hath Jehovah of hosts spoken, saying, Execute true judgment, and show kindness and compassion every man to his brother; 10 and oppress not the widow, nor the fatherless, the sojourner, nor the poor; and let none of you devise evil against his brother in your heart. 11 But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they might not hear. 12 Yea, they made their hearts as an adamant stone, lest they should hear the law, and the words which Jehovah of hosts had sent by his Spirit by the former prophets: therefore there came great wrath from Jehovah of hosts. 13 And it is come to pass that, as he cried, and they would not hear, so they shall cry, and I will not hear, said Jehovah of hosts; 14 but I will scatter them with a whirlwind among all the nations which they have not known. Thus the land was desolate after them, so that no man passed through nor returned: for they laid the pleasant land desolate.
• Matt 3:8-9 : 8 Bring forth therefore fruit worthy of repentance: 9 and think not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father: for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham. 10 And even now the axe lieth at the root of the trees: every tree therefore that bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire.
• Matt 23:23 : 23 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye tithe mint and anise and cummin, and have left undone the weightier matters of the law, justice, and mercy, and faith: but these ye ought to have done, and not to have left the other undone.
• Luke 18:7 : 7 And shall not God avenge his elect, that cry to him day and night, and [yet] he is longsuffering over them?
• John 15:2 : 2 Every branch in me that beareth not fruit, he taketh it away: and every [branch] that beareth fruit, he cleanseth it, that it may bear more fruit.
• 1 Cor 6:8-9 : 8 Nay, but ye yourselves do wrong, and defraud, and that [your] brethren. 9 Or know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the kingdom of God? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with men, 10 nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God. 11 And such were some of you: but ye were washed, but ye were sanctified, but ye were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, and in the Spirit of our God.
• Jas 5:4 : 4 Behold, the hire of the laborers who mowed your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth out: and the cries of them that reaped have entered into the ears of the Lord of Sabaoth.
• 1 John 3:7-8 : 7 [ My] little children, let no man lead you astray: he that doeth righteousness is righteous, even as he is righteous: 8 he that doeth sin is of the devil; for the devil sinneth from the beginning. To this end was the Son of God manifested, that he might destroy the works of the devil.
• Gen 4:10 : 10 And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto me from the ground.
• Exod 2:23-24 : 23 And it came to pass in the course of those many days, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage. 24 And God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.
• Exod 3:7 : 7 And Jehovah said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people that are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their sorrows;
• Exod 22:21-27 : 21 And a sojourner shalt thou not wrong, neither shalt thou oppress him: for ye were sojourners in the land of Egypt. 22 Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child. 23 If thou afflict them at all, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry; 24 and my wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless. 25 If thou lend money to any of my people with thee that is poor, thou shalt not be to him as a creditor; neither shall ye lay upon him interest. 26 If thou at all take thy neighbor's garment to pledge, thou shalt restore it unto him before the sun goeth down: 27 for that is his only covering, it is his garment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.
• Deut 15:9 : 9 Beware that there be not a base thought in thy heart, saying, The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand; and thine eye be evil against thy poor brother, and thou give him nought; and he cry unto Jehovah against thee, and it be sin unto thee.
• Neh 5:1-5 : 1 Then there arose a great cry of the people and of their wives against their brethren the Jews. 2 For there were that said, We, our sons and our daughters, are many: let us get grain, that we may eat and live. 3 Some also there were that said, We are mortgaging our fields, and our vineyards, and our houses: let us get grain, because of the dearth. 4 There were also that said, We have borrowed money for the king's tribute [upon] our fields and our vineyards. 5 Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children: and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought into bondage [already] : neither is it in our power to help it; for other men have our fields and our vineyards.
• Job 31:38-39 : 38 If my land crieth out against me, And the furrows thereof weep together; 39 If I have eaten the fruits thereof without money, Or have caused the owners thereof to lose their life:
• Job 34:28 : 28 So that they caused the cry of the poor to come unto him, And he heard the cry of the afflicted.