James 3:14

American Standard Version (1901)

But if ye have bitter jealousy and faction in your heart, glory not and lie not against the truth.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Εἰ δὲ ζῆλον πικρὸν ἔχετε καὶ ἐριθείαν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν, μὴ κατακαυχᾶσθε, καὶ ψεύδεσθε κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας.

Transliteration

If de zēlon pikron you echete and eritheian in the kardia of you, mē katakauchāsthe, and pseudesthe against the alētheias.

Grammar Details

• *de*: postpositive conjunction - but/and
• *zēlon*: accusative, masculine, singular - jealousy/zeal
• *pikron*: accusative, masculine, singular - bitter
• *echete*: present indicative, active, 2nd plural - you have
• *eritheian*: accusative, feminine, singular - selfish ambition/rivalry
• *kardia*: dative, feminine, singular - heart
• *mē*: negative particle - not
• *katakauchāsthe*: present imperative, middle, 2nd plural - boast/glory
• *pseudesthe*: present imperative, middle, 2nd plural - lie/speak falsely
• *alētheias*: genitive, feminine, singular - truth

Word Meanings

• *zēlon*: jealousy/zeal/envy
• *pikron*: bitter/harsh
• *eritheian*: selfish ambition/rivalry/strife
• *kardia*: heart/mind/inner self
• *katakauchāsthe*: boast/glory/pride yourselves
• *pseudesthe*: lie/speak falsely/deceive
• *alētheias*: truth/reality

Referenced Verses

• Jas 3:16 : 16 For where jealousy and faction are, there is confusion and every vile deed.
• Phil 2:3 : 3 [ doing] nothing through faction or through vainglory, but in lowliness of mind each counting other better than himself;
• 2 Cor 12:20 : 20 For I fear, lest by any means, when I come, I should find you not such as I would, and should myself be found of you such as ye would not; lest by any means [there should be] strife, jealousy, wraths, factions, backbitings, whisperings, swellings, tumults;
• 1 Cor 3:3 : 3 for ye are yet carnal: for whereas there is among you jealousy and strife, are ye not carnal, and do ye not walk after the manner of men?
• Phil 1:15 : 15 Some indeed preach Christ even of envy and strife; and some also of good will:
• Rom 13:13 : 13 Let us walk becomingly, as in the day; not in revelling and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and jealousy.
• 1 Cor 13:4 : 4 Love suffereth long, [and] is kind; love envieth not; love vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up,
• Acts 5:17 : 17 But the high priest rose up, and all they that were with him (which is the sect of the Sadducees), and they were filled with jealousy,
• Acts 7:9 : 9 And the patriarchs, moved with jealousy against Joseph, sold him into Egypt: and God was with him,
• Acts 13:45 : 45 But when the Jews saw the multitudes, they were filled with jealousy, and contradicted the things which were spoken by Paul, and blasphemed.
• Acts 26:9 : 9 I verily thought with myself that I ought to do many things contrary to the name of Jesus of Nazareth.
• Rom 1:29 : 29 being filled with all unrighteousness, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, malignity; whisperers,
• Rom 2:8 : 8 but unto them that are factious, and obey not the truth, but obey unrighteousness, [shall be] wrath and indignation,
• Rom 2:17 : 17 But if thou bearest the name of a Jew, and restest upon the law, and gloriest in God,
• Rom 2:23-29 : 23 thou who gloriest in the law, through thy transgression of the law dishonorest thou God? 24 For the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you, even as it is written. 25 For circumcision indeed profiteth, if thou be a doer of the law: but if thou be a transgressor of the law, thy circumcision is become uncircumcision. 26 If therefore the uncircumcision keep the ordinances of the law, shall not his uncircumcision be reckoned for circumcision? 27 and shall not the uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfil the law, judge thee, who with the letter and circumcision art a transgressor of the law? 28 For he is not a Jew who is one outwardly; neither is that circumcision which is outward in the flesh: 29 but he is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit not in the letter; whose praise is not of men, but of God.
• Gen 30:1-2 : 1 And when Rachel saw that she bare Jacob no children, Rachel envied her sister; and she said unto Jacob, Give me children, or else I die. 2 And Jacob's anger was kindled against Rachel: and he said, Am I in God's stead, who hath withheld from thee the fruit of the womb?
• Gen 37:11 : 11 And his brethren envied him; but his father kept the saying in mind.
• 2 Kgs 10:16 : 16 And he said, Come with me, and see my zeal for Jehovah. So they made him ride in his chariot.
• 2 Kgs 10:31 : 31 But Jehu took no heed to walk in the law of Jehovah, the God of Israel, with all his heart: he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam, wherewith he made Israel to sin.
• Job 5:2 : 2 For vexation killeth the foolish man, And jealousy slayeth the silly one.
• Prov 14:30 : 30 A tranquil heart is the life of the flesh; But envy is the rottenness of the bones.
• Prov 27:4 : 4 Wrath is cruel, and anger is overwhelming; But who is able to stand before jealousy?
• Isa 11:13 : 13 The envy also of Ephraim shall depart, and they that vex Judah shall be cut off: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not vex Ephraim.
• Hab 1:3 : 3 Why dost thou show me iniquity, and look upon perverseness? for destruction and violence are before me; and there is strife, and contention riseth up.
• Matt 27:18 : 18 For he knew that for envy they had delivered him up.
• John 16:2 : 2 They shall put you out of the synagogues: yea, the hour cometh, that whosoever killeth you shall think that he offereth service unto God.
• 1 Tim 6:4 : 4 he is puffed up, knowing nothing, but doting about questionings and disputes of words, whereof cometh envy, strife, railings, evil surmisings,
• Titus 3:3 : 3 For we also once were foolish, disobedient, deceived, serving divers lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful, hating one another.
• Jas 4:1-5 : 1 Whence [come] wars and whence [come] fightings among you? [come they] not hence, [even] of your pleasures that war in your members? 2 Ye lust, and have not: ye kill, and covet, and cannot obtain: ye fight and war; ye have not, because ye ask not. 3 Ye ask, and receive not, because ye ask amiss, that ye may spend [it] in your pleasures. 4 Ye adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? Whosoever therefore would be a friend of the world maketh himself an enemy of God. 5 Or think ye that the scripture speaketh in vain? Doth the spirit which he made to dwell in us long unto envying?
• Jas 5:19 : 19 My brethren, if any among you err from the truth, and one convert him;
• 1 Pet 2:1-2 : 1 Putting away therefore all wickedness, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings, 2 as newborn babes, long for the spiritual milk which is without guile, that ye may grow thereby unto salvation;
• 1 Cor 4:7-8 : 7 For who maketh thee to differ? and what hast thou that thou didst not receive? but if thou didst receive it, why dost thou glory as if thou hadst not received it? 8 Already are ye filled, already ye are become rich, ye have come to reign without us: yea and I would that ye did reign, that we also might reign with you.
• 1 Cor 5:2 : 2 And ye are puffed up, and did not rather mourn, that he that had done this deed might be taken away from among you.
• 1 Cor 5:6 : 6 Your glorying is not good. Know ye not that a little leaven leaveneth the whole lump?
• Gal 5:15 : 15 But if ye bite and devour one another, take heed that ye be not consumed one of another.
• Gal 5:21 : 21 envyings, drunkenness, revellings, and such like; of which I forewarn you, even as I did forewarn you, that they who practise such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God.
• Gal 5:26 : 26 Let us not become vainglorious, provoking one another, envying one another.
• Gal 6:13 : 13 For not even they who receive circumcision do themselves keep the law; but they desire to have you circumcised, that they may glory in your flesh.