Malachi 3:16

American Standard Version (1901)

Then they that feared Jehovah spake one with another; and Jehovah hearkened, and heard, and a book of remembrance was written before him, for them that feared Jehovah, and that thought upon his name.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אָ֧ז נִדְבְּר֛וּ יִרְאֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֑הוּ וַיַּקְשֵׁ֤ב יְהוָה֙ וַיִּשְׁמָ֔ע וַ֠יִּכָּתֵב סֵ֣פֶר זִכָּר֤וֹן לְפָנָיו֙ לְיִרְאֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וּלְחֹשְׁבֵ֖י שְׁמֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

ʾAz nidberu yirʾe YHWH ʾish et-reʿehu wa-yaqshev YHWH wa-yishmaʿ wa-yikkatev sefer zikkaron le-fanaw le-yirʾe YHWH u-le-ḥosheve shemo.

Grammar Details

• *ʾAz*: adverb - then
• *nidberu*: Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they spoke
• *yirʾe*: adjective, masculine plural construct - fearers of
• *YHWH*: divine name - Yahweh/LORD
• *ʾish*: noun, masculine singular - each man
• *et*: preposition
• *reʿehu*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/companion
• *wa-yaqshev*: waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave attention
• *wa-yishmaʿ*: waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he heard
• *wa-yikkatev*: waw consecutive + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and was written
• *sefer*: noun, masculine singular construct - book of
• *zikkaron*: noun, masculine singular - remembrance
• *le-fanaw*: preposition + noun, plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - before him
• *le-yirʾe*: preposition + adjective, masculine plural construct - for those who fear
• *u-le-ḥosheve*: waw conjunction + preposition + Qal participle, masculine plural construct - and for those who esteem
• *shemo*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name

Word Meanings

• *nidberu*: spoke together/talked with one another/conversed
• *yirʾe*: fearers of/those who revere/those who stand in awe of
• *ʾish et-reʿehu*: each to his neighbor/one to another/each with his companion
• *yaqshev*: gave attention/listened attentively/paid heed
• *yishmaʿ*: heard/listened/heeded
• *yikkatev*: was written/was recorded
• *sefer zikkaron*: book of remembrance/memorial book/record book
• *le-fanaw*: before him/in his presence
• *le-yirʾe*: for those who fear/for those who revere
• *ḥosheve shemo*: those who esteem his name/those who think upon his name/those who value his name

Referenced Verses

• Ps 56:8 : 8 Thou numberest my wanderings: Put thou my tears into thy bottle; Are they not in thy book?
• Rev 20:12 : 12 And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne; and books were opened: and another book was opened, which is [the book] of life: and the dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works.
• Deut 6:6-8 : 6 And these words, which I command thee this day, shall be upon thy heart; 7 and thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thy house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up. 8 And thou shalt bind them for a sign upon thy hand, and they shall be for frontlets between thine eyes.
• 1 Sam 23:16-18 : 16 And Jonathan, Saul's son, arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God. 17 And he said unto him, Fear not; for the hand of Saul my father shall not find thee; and thou shalt be king over Israel, and I shall be next unto thee; and that also Saul my father knoweth. 18 And they two made a covenant before Jehovah: and David abode in the wood, and Jonathan went to his house.
• 2 Sam 7:1 : 1 And it came to pass, when the king dwelt in his house, and Jehovah had given him rest from all his enemies round about,
• 1 Kgs 18:3 : 3 And Ahab called Obadiah, who was over the household. (Now Obadiah feared Jehovah greatly:
• 1 Kgs 18:12 : 12 And it will come to pass, as soon as I am gone from thee, that the Spirit of Jehovah will carry thee whither I know not; and so when I come and tell Ahab, and he cannot find thee, he will slay me: but I thy servant fear Jehovah from my youth.
• 2 Chr 6:7 : 7 Now it was in the heart of David my father to build a house for the name of Jehovah, the God of Israel.
• Esth 2:23 : 23 And when inquisition was made of the matter, and it was found to be so, they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.
• Esth 4:5-9 : 5 Then called Esther for Hathach, one of the king's chamberlains, whom he had appointed to attend upon her, and charged him to go to Mordecai, to know what this was, and why it was. 6 So Hathach went forth to Mordecai unto the broad place of the city, which was before the king's gate. 7 And Mordecai told him of all that had happened unto him, and the exact sum of the money that Haman had promised to pay to the king's treasuries for the Jews, to destroy them. 8 Also he gave him the copy of the writing of the decree that was given out in Shushan to destroy them, to show it unto Esther, and to declare it unto her, and to charge her that she should go in unto the king, to make supplication unto him, and to make request before him, for her people. 9 And Hathach came and told Esther the words of Mordecai. 10 Then Esther spake unto Hathach, and gave him a message unto Mordecai [saying] : 11 All the king's servants, and the people of the king's provinces, do know, that whosoever, whether man or woman, shall come unto the king into the inner court, who is not called, there is one law for him, that he be put to death, except those to whom the king shall hold out the golden sceptre, that he may live: but I have not been called to come in unto the king these thirty days. 12 And they told to Mordecai Esther's words. 13 Then Mordecai bade them return answer unto Esther, Think not with thyself that thou shalt escape in the king's house, more than all the Jews. 14 For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time, then will relief and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place, but thou and thy father's house will perish: and who knoweth whether thou art not come to the kingdom for such a time as this? 15 Then Esther bade them return answer unto Mordecai, 16 Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day: I also and my maidens will fast in like manner; and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to the law: and if I perish, I perish. 17 So Mordecai went his way, and did according to all that Esther had commanded him.
• Esth 6:1 : 1 On that night could not the king sleep; and he commanded to bring the book of records of the chronicles, and they were read before the king.
• Job 19:23-25 : 23 Oh that my words were now written! Oh that they were inscribed in a book! 24 That with an iron pen and lead They were graven in the rock for ever! 25 But as for me I know that my Redeemer liveth, And at last he will stand up upon the earth:
• Job 28:28 : 28 And unto man he said, Behold, the fear of the Lord, that is wisdom; And to depart from evil is understanding.
• Ps 10:4 : 4 The wicked, in the pride of his countenance, [saith], He will not require [it] . All his thoughts are, There is no God.
• Ps 16:3 : 3 As for the saints that are in the earth, They are the excellent in whom is all my delight.
• Ps 20:7 : 7 Some [trust] in chariots, and some in horses; But we will make mention of the name of Jehovah our God.
• Ps 33:18 : 18 Behold, the eye of Jehovah is upon them that fear him, Upon them that hope in his lovingkindness;
• Ps 34:15 : 15 The eyes of Jehovah are toward the righteous, And his ears are [open] unto their cry.
• Ps 66:16 : 16 Come, and hear, all ye that fear God, And I will declare what he hath done for my soul.
• Ps 73:15-17 : 15 If I had said, I will speak thus; Behold, I had dealt treacherously with the generation of thy children. 16 When I thought how I might know this, It was too painful for me; 17 Until I went into the sanctuary of God, And considered their latter end.
• Ps 94:19 : 19 In the multitude of my thoughts within me Thy comforts delight my soul.
• Ps 104:33 : 33 I will sing unto Jehovah as long as I live: I will sing praise to my God while I have any being.
• Ps 111:10-112:1 : 10 The fear of Jehovah is the beginning of wisdom; A good understanding have all they that do [his commandments] : His praise endureth for ever. 1 Praise ye Jehovah. Blessed is the man that feareth Jehovah, That delighteth greatly in his commandments.
• Ps 119:63 : 63 I am a companion of all them that fear thee, And of them that observe thy precepts.
• Ps 139:4 : 4 For there is not a word in my tongue, But, lo, O Jehovah, thou knowest it altogether.
• Ps 147:11 : 11 Jehovah taketh pleasure in them that fear him, In those that hope in his lovingkindness.
• Prov 13:20 : 20 Walk with wise men, and thou shalt be wise; But the companion of fools shall smart for it.
• Isa 26:3 : 3 Thou wilt keep [him] in perfect peace, [whose] mind [is] stayed [on thee] ; because he trusteth in thee.
• Isa 26:8 : 8 Yea, in the way of thy judgments, O Jehovah, have we waited for thee; to thy name, even to thy memorial [name], is the desire of our soul.
• Isa 50:10 : 10 Who is among you that feareth Jehovah, that obeyeth the voice of his servant? he that walketh in darkness, and hath no light, let him trust in the name of Jehovah, and rely upon his God.
• Isa 65:6 : 6 Behold, it is written before me: I will not keep silence, but will recompense, yea, I will recompense into their bosom,
• Ezek 9:4 : 4 And Jehovah said unto him, Go through the midst of the city, through the midst of Jerusalem, and set a mark upon the foreheads of the men that sigh and that cry over all the abominations that are done in the midst thereof.
• Dan 2:17-18 : 17 Then Daniel went to his house, and made the thing known to Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah, his companions: 18 that they would desire mercies of the God of heaven concerning this secret; that Daniel and his companions should nor perish with the rest of the wise men of Babylon.
• Dan 7:10 : 10 A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him: thousands of thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened.
• Mal 3:5 : 5 And I will come near to you to judgment; and I will be a swift witness against the sorcerers, and against the adulterers, and against the false swearers, and against those that oppress the hireling in his wages, the widow, and the fatherless, and that turn aside the sojourner [from his right], and fear not me, saith Jehovah of hosts.
• Mal 4:2 : 2 But unto you that fear my name shall the sun of righteousness arise with healing in its wings; and ye shall go forth, and gambol as calves of the stall.
• Matt 12:35-37 : 35 The good man out of his good treasure bringeth forth good things: and the evil man out of his evil treasure bringeth forth evil things. 36 And I say unto you, that every idle word that men shall speak, they shall give account thereof in the day of judgment. 37 For by thy words thou shalt be justified, and by thy words thou shalt be condemned.
• Matt 18:19-20 : 19 Again I say unto you, that if two of you shall agree on earth as touching anything that they shall ask, it shall be done for them of my Father who is in heaven. 20 For where two or three are gathered together in my name, there am I in the midst of them.
• Luke 2:38 : 38 And coming up at that very hour she gave thanks unto God, and spake of him to all them that were looking for the redemption of Jerusalem.
• Luke 24:14-31 : 14 And they communed with each other of all these things which had happened. 15 And it came to pass, while they communed and questioned together, that Jesus himself drew near, and went with them. 16 But their eyes were holden that they should not know him. 17 And he said unto them, What communications are these that ye have one with another, as ye walk? And they stood still, looking sad. 18 And one of them, named Cleopas, answering said unto him, Dost thou alone sojourn in Jerusalem and not know the things which are come to pass there in these days? 19 And he said unto them, What things? And they said unto him, The things concerning Jesus the Nazarene, who was a prophet mighty in deed and word before God and all the people: 20 and how the chief priests and our rulers delivered him up to be condemned to death, and crucified him. 21 But we hoped that it was he who should redeem Israel. Yea and besides all this, it is now the third day since these things came to pass. 22 Moreover certain women of our company amazed us, having been early at the tomb; 23 and when they found not his body, they came, saying, that they had also seen a vision of angels, who said that he was alive. 24 And certain of them that were with us went to the tomb, and found it even so as the women had said: but him they saw not. 25 And he said unto them, O foolish men, and slow of heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken! 26 Behooved it not the Christ to suffer these things, and to enter into his glory? 27 And beginning from Moses and from all the prophets, he interpreted to them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself. 28 And they drew nigh unto the village, whither they were going: and he made as though he would go further. 29 And they constrained him, saying, Abide with us; for it is toward evening, and the day is now far spent. And he went in to abide with them. 30 And it came to pass, when he had sat down with them to meat, he took the bread and blessed; and breaking [it] he gave to them. 31 And their eyes were opened, and they knew him; and he vanished out of their sight.
• John 1:40-47 : 40 One of the two that heard John [speak], and followed him, was Andrew, Simon Peter's brother. 41 He findeth first his own brother Simon, and saith unto him, We have found the Messiah (which is, being interpreted, Christ). 42 He brought him unto Jesus. Jesus looked upon him, and said, Thou art Simon the son of John: thou shalt be called Cephas (which is by interpretation, Peter). 43 On the morrow he was minded to go forth into Galilee, and he findeth Philip: and Jesus saith unto him, Follow me. 44 Now Philip was from Bethsaida, of the city of Andrew and Peter. 45 Philip findeth Nathanael, and saith unto him, We have found him, of whom Moses in the law, and the prophets, wrote, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph. 46 And Nathanael said unto him, Can any good thing come out of Nazareth? Philip saith unto him, Come and see. 47 Jesus saw Nathanael coming to him, and saith of him, Behold, an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile!
• John 12:20-22 : 20 Now there were certain Greeks among those that went up to worship at the feast: 21 these therefore came to Philip, who was of Bethsaida of Galilee, and asked him, saying, Sir, we would see Jesus. 22 Philip cometh and telleth Andrew: Andrew cometh, and Philip, and they tell Jesus.
• Acts 1:13 : 13 And when they were come in, they went up into the upper chamber, where they were abiding; both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James [the son] of Alphaeus, and Simon the Zealot, and Judas [the son] of James.
• Acts 2:1 : 1 And when the day of Pentecost was now come, they were all together in one place.
• Acts 4:23-33 : 23 And being let go, they came to their own company, and reported all that the chief priests and the elders had said unto them. 24 And they, when they heard it, lifted up their voice to God with one accord, and said, O Lord, thou that didst make the heaven and the earth and the sea, and all that in them is: 25 who by the Holy Spirit, [by] the mouth of our father David thy servant, didst say, Why did the Gentiles rage, And the peoples imagine vain things? 26 The kings of the earth set themselves in array, And the rulers were gathered together, Against the Lord, and against his Anointed: 27 for of a truth in this city against thy holy Servant Jesus, whom thou didst anoint, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, were gathered together, 28 to do whatsoever thy hand and thy council foreordained to come to pass. 29 And now, Lord, look upon their threatenings: and grant unto thy servants to speak thy word with all boldness, 30 while thy stretchest forth thy hand to heal; and that signs and wonders may be done through the name of thy holy Servant Jesus. 31 And when they had prayed, the place was shaken wherein they were gathered together; and they were all filled with the Holy Spirit, and they spake the word of God with boldness. 32 And the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and soul: and not one [of them] said that aught of the things which he possessed was his own; but they had all things common. 33 And with great power gave the apostles their witness of the resurrection of the Lord Jesus: and great grace was upon them all.
• Acts 9:31 : 31 So the church throughout all Judaea and Galilee and Samaria had peace, being edified; and, walking in the fear of the Lord and in the comfort of the Holy Spirit, was multiplied.
• Acts 10:2 : 2 a devout man, and one that feared God with all his house, who gave much alms to the people, and prayed to God always.
• Eph 5:19 : 19 speaking one to another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody with your heart to the Lord;
• 1 Thess 5:11 : 11 Wherefore exhort one another, and build each other up, even as also ye do.
• 1 Thess 5:14 : 14 And we exhort you, brethren, admonish the disorderly, encourage the fainthearted, support the weak, be longsuffering toward all.
• Heb 3:13 : 13 but exhort one another day by day, so long as it is called To-day; lest any one of you be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin:
• Heb 4:12-13 : 12 For the word of God is living, and active, and sharper than any two-edged sword, and piercing even to the dividing of soul and spirit, of both joints and marrow, and quick to discern the thoughts and intents of the heart. 13 And there is no creature that is not manifest in his sight: but all things are naked and laid open before the eyes of him with whom we have to do.
• Heb 10:24 : 24 and let us consider one another to provoke unto love and good works;
• Heb 12:15 : 15 looking carefully lest [there be] any man that falleth short of the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble [you], and thereby the many be defiled;
• Rev 15:4 : 4 Who shall not fear, O Lord, and glorify thy name? for thou only art holy; for all the nations shall come and worship before thee; for thy righteous acts have been made manifest.
• Gen 22:12 : 12 And he said, Lay not thy hand upon the lad, neither do thou anything unto him; for now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son, from me.