1 Kings 22:19

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And [Micaiah] said, Therefore hear thou the word of Jehovah: I saw Jehovah sitting on his throne, and all the host of heaven standing by him on his right hand and on his left.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לָכֵ֖ן שְׁמַ֣ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֑ה רָאִ֤יתִי אֶת־יְהוָה֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב עַל־כִּסְא֔וֹ וְכָל־צְבָ֤א הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ עֹמֵ֣ד עָלָ֔יו מִימִינ֖וֹ וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

wə-yōʾmer, therefore šəmaʿ dəb̄ar-YHWH: rāʾîtî ʾet-YHWH yōšēb̄ upon-kisʾô, and-all-ṣəb̄āʾ the-šāmayim ʿōmēd upon-him, from-yəmînô and-from-śəmōʾlô.

Grammar Details

• *wə-yōʾmer*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said
• *šəmaʿ*: qal imperative ms - hear/listen
• *dəb̄ar-YHWH*: construct noun phrase - word of YHWH
• *rāʾîtî*: qal perfect 1cs - I saw
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *YHWH*: divine name - Yahweh/LORD
• *yōšēb̄*: qal participle ms - sitting
• *kisʾô*: masculine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his throne
• *ṣəb̄āʾ*: masculine singular construct - host/army of
• *šāmayim*: masculine dual/plural noun with definite article - the heaven(s)
• *ʿōmēd*: qal participle ms - standing
• *yəmînô*: feminine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his right hand/side
• *śəmōʾlô*: feminine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his left hand/side

Word Meanings

• *šəmaʿ*: hear/listen/heed/obey
• *dəb̄ar*: word/speech/saying/matter
• *rāʾîtî*: I saw/observed/beheld
• *yōšēb̄*: sitting/dwelling/residing/enthroned
• *kisʾô*: his throne/seat
• *ṣəb̄āʾ*: host/army/warriors/assembled group
• *šāmayim*: heaven(s)/sky
• *ʿōmēd*: standing/positioned/serving
• *yəmînô*: his right hand/side/south side
• *śəmōʾlô*: his left hand/side/north side

Referenced Verses

• Job 1:6 : 6 Now it came to pass on the day when the sons of God came to present themselves before Jehovah, that Satan also came among them.
• Job 2:1 : 1 Again it came to pass on the day when the sons of God came to present themselves before Jehovah, that Satan came also among them to present himself before Jehovah.
• Dan 7:9-9 : 9 I beheld till thrones were placed, and one that was ancient of days did sit: his raiment was white as snow, and the hair of his head like pure wool; his throne was fiery flames, and the wheels thereof burning fire. 10 A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him: thousands of thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened.
• Heb 1:7 : 7 And of {G3303} the angels he saith, Who maketh his angels winds, And his ministers a flame of fire:
• Heb 1:14 : 14 Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to do service for the sake of them that shall inherit salvation?
• Ps 103:20-21 : 20 Bless Jehovah, ye his angels, That are mighty in strength, that fulfil his word, Hearkening unto the voice of his word. 21 Bless Jehovah, all ye his hosts, Ye ministers of his, that do his pleasure.
• Isa 6:1-3 : 1 In the year that king Uzziah died I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up; and his train filled the temple. 2 Above him stood the seraphim: each one had six wings; with twain he covered his face, and with twain he covered his feet, and with twain he did fly. 3 And one cried unto another, and said, Holy, holy, holy, is Jehovah of hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory.
• Matt 18:10 : 10 See that you despise not one of these little ones; for I say unto you, that in heaven their angels do always behold the face of my Father who is in heaven.
• Heb 12:22 : 22 but ye are come unto mount Zion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable hosts of angels,
• Ezek 1:26-28 : 26 And above the firmament that was over their heads was the likeness of a throne, as the appearance of a sapphire stone; and upon the likeness of the throne was a likeness as the appearance of a man upon it above. 27 And I saw as it were glowing metal, as the appearance of fire within it round about, from the appearance of his loins and upward; and from the appearance of his loins and downward I saw as it were the appearance of fire, and there was brightness round about him. 28 As the appearance of the bow that is in the cloud in the day of rain, so was the appearance of the brightness round about. This was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of Jehovah. And when I saw it, I fell upon my face, and I heard a voice of one that spake.
• Ezek 13:2 : 2 Son of man, prophesy against the prophets of Israel that prophesy, and say thou unto them that prophesy out of their own heart, Hear ye the word of Jehovah:
• Amos 7:16 : 16 Now therefore hear thou the word of Jehovah: Thou sayest, Prophesy not against Israel, and drop not [thy word] against the house of Isaac;
• Zech 1:10 : 10 And the man that stood among the myrtle-trees answered and said, These are they whom Jehovah hath sent to walk to and fro through the earth.
• Rev 4:2-3 : 2 {G2532} Straightway I was in the Spirit: and behold, there was a throne set in heaven, and one sitting upon the throne; 3 and he that sat was to look upon like a jasper stone and a sardius: and [there was] a rainbow round about the throne, like an emerald to look upon.
• Rev 5:11 : 11 And I saw, and I heard a voice of many angels round about the throne and the living creatures and the elders; and the number of them was ten thousand times ten thousand, and thousands of thousands;
• Isa 28:14 : 14 Wherefore hear the word of Jehovah, ye scoffers, that rule this people that is in Jerusalem:
• Jer 2:4 : 4 Hear ye the word of Jehovah, O house of Jacob, and all the families of the house of Israel:
• Jer 29:20 : 20 Hear ye therefore the word of Jehovah, all ye of the captivity, whom I have sent away from Jerusalem to Babylon.
• Jer 42:15 : 15 now therefore hear ye the word of Jehovah, O remnant of Judah: Thus saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel, If ye indeed set your faces to enter into Egypt, and go to sojourn there;
• Isa 1:10 : 10 Hear the word of Jehovah, ye rulers of Sodom; give ear unto the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrah.
• Matt 25:31 : 31 But when the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the angels with him, then shall he sit on the throne of his glory:
• Acts 7:55-56 : 55 But he, being full of the Holy Spirit, looked up stedfastly into heaven, and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God, 56 and said, Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of Man standing on the right hand of God.
• 2 Chr 18:18-22 : 18 And [Micaiah] said, Therefore hear ye the word of Jehovah: I saw Jehovah sitting upon his throne, and all the host of heaven standing on his right hand and on his left. 19 And Jehovah said, Who shall entice Ahab king of Israel, that he may go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead? And one spake saying after this manner, and another saying after that manner. 20 And there came forth a spirit, and stood before Jehovah, and said, I will entice him. And Jehovah said unto him, Wherewith? 21 And he said, I will go forth, and will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets. And he said, Thou shalt entice him, and shalt prevail also: go forth, and do so. 22 Now therefore, behold, Jehovah hath put a lying spirit in the mouth of these thy prophets; and Jehovah hath spoken evil concerning thee.