2 Samuel 22:38

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

I have pursued mine enemies, and destroyed them; Neither did I turn again till they were consumed.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אֶרְדְּפָ֥ה אֹיְבַ֖י וָאַשְׁמִידֵ֑ם וְלֹ֥א אָשׁ֖וּב עַד־כַּלּוֹתָֽם׃

Transliteration

ʾerdepâ ʾōyebay and wāʾašmîdēm; and not ʾāšûb until-kallôtām.

Grammar Details

• *ʾerdepâ*: Qal imperfect 1cs cohortative - I pursue
• *ʾōyebay*: masculine plural noun with 1cs suffix - my enemies
• *wāʾašmîdēm*: Hiphil imperfect 1cs with 3mp suffix with waw-consecutive - and I destroy them
• *ʾāšûb*: Qal imperfect 1cs - I return
• *kallôtām*: Piel infinitive construct with 3mp suffix - destroying them

Word Meanings

• *ʾerdepâ*: pursue, chase, follow after
• *wāʾašmîdēm*: destroy them, annihilate them, exterminate them
• *ʾāšûb*: return, turn back, go back
• *kallôtām*: finishing them, completing them, consuming them

Referenced Verses

• 2 Sam 5:18-25 : 18 Now the Philistines had come and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim. 19 And David inquired of Jehovah, saying, Shall I go up against the Philistines? wilt thou deliver them into my hand? And Jehovah said unto David, Go up; for I will certainly deliver the Philistines into thy hand. 20 And David came to Baal-perazim, and David smote them there; and he said, Jehovah hath broken mine enemies before me, like the breach of waters. Therefore he called the name of that place Baal-perazim. 21 And they left their images there; and David and his men took them away. 22 And the Philistines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim. 23 And when David inquired of Jehovah, he said, Thou shalt not go up: make a circuit behind them, and come upon them over against the mulberry-trees. 24 And it shall be, when thou hearest the sound of marching in the tops of the mulberry-trees, that then thou shalt bestir thyself; for then is Jehovah gone out before thee to smite the host of the Philistines. 25 And David did so, as Jehovah commanded him, and smote the Philistines from Geba until thou come to Gezer.
• 2 Sam 8:1-2 : 1 And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took the bridle of the mother city out of the hand of the Philistines. 2 And he smote Moab, and measured them with the line, making them to lie down on the ground; and he measured two lines to put to death, and one full line to keep alive. And the Moabites became servants to David, and brought tribute.
• 2 Sam 8:13-14 : 13 And David gat him a name when he returned from smiting the Syrians in the Valley of Salt, even eighteen thousand men. 14 And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all the Edomites became servants to David. And Jehovah gave victory to David whithersoever he went.
• 2 Sam 10:14 : 14 And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians were fled, they likewise fled before Abishai, and entered into the city. Then Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem.
• Ps 21:8-9 : 8 Thy hand will find out all thine enemies; Thy right hand will find out those that hate thee. 9 Thou wilt make them as a fiery furnace in the time of thine anger: Jehovah will swallow them up in his wrath, And the fire shall devour them.
• Rom 8:37 : 37 Nay, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him that loved us.