Isaiah 21:4

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

My heart fluttereth, horror hath affrighted me; the twilight that I desired hath been turned into trembling unto me.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

תָּעָ֣ה לְבָבִ֔י פַּלָּצ֖וּת בִּֽעֲתָ֑תְנִי אֵ֚ת נֶ֣שֶׁף חִשְׁקִ֔י שָׂ֥ם לִ֖י לַחֲרָדָֽה׃

Transliteration

tā'āh my ləbābî pallāṣūt bi'atātnî 'ēt nešep my ḥišqî śām to me to ḥarādāh

Grammar Details

• *tā'āh*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it wanders/reels
• *ləbābî*: noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my heart
• *pallāṣūt*: noun, feminine singular - horror/shuddering/trembling
• *bi'atātnî*: verb, piel perfect, 3rd feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - it terrifies me
• *'ēt*: direct object marker
• *nešep*: noun, masculine singular - twilight/evening
• *ḥišqî*: noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my pleasure/desire
• *śām*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he/it has put/placed
• *ḥarādāh*: noun, feminine singular with prefix lamed - to trembling/terror

Word Meanings

• *tā'āh*: wanders/reels/staggers
• *pallāṣūt*: horror/shuddering/trembling/terror
• *nešep ḥišqî*: twilight of my desire/evening I longed for
• *ḥarādāh*: trembling/terror/fear

Referenced Verses

• Deut 28:67 : 67 In the morning thou shalt say, Would it were even! and at even thou shalt say, Would it were morning! for the fear of thy heart which thou shalt fear, and for the sight of thine eyes which thou shalt see.
• 1 Sam 25:36-38 : 36 And Abigail came to Nabal; and, behold, he held a feast in his house, like the feast of a king; and Nabal's heart was merry within him, for he was very drunken: wherefore she told him nothing, less or more, until the morning light. 37 And it came to pass in the morning, when the wine was gone out of Nabal, that his wife told him these things, and his heart died within him, and he became as a stone. 38 And it came to pass about ten days after, that Jehovah smote Nabal, so that he died.
• 2 Sam 13:28-29 : 28 And Absalom commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now, when Amnon's heart is merry with wine; and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon, then kill him; fear not; have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant. 29 And the servants of Absalom did unto Amnon as Absalom had commanded. Then all the king's sons arose, and every man gat him up upon his mule, and fled.
• Esth 5:12 : 12 Haman said moreover, Yea, Esther the queen did let no man come in with the king unto the banquet that she had prepared but myself; and to-morrow also am I invited by her together with the king.
• Esth 7:6-9 : 6 And Esther said, An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman. Then Haman was afraid before the king and the queen. 7 And the king arose in his wrath from the banquet of wine [and went] into the palace garden: and Haman stood up to make request for his life to Esther the queen; for he saw that there was evil determined against him by the king. 8 Then the king returned out of the palace garden into the place of the banquet of wine; and Haman was fallen upon the couch whereon Esther was. Then said the king, Will he even force the queen before me in the house? As the word went out of the king's mouth, they covered Haman's face. 9 Then said Harbonah, one of the chamberlains that were before the king, Behold also, the gallows fifty cubits high, which Haman hath made for Mordecai, who spake good for the king, standeth in the house of Haman. And the king said, Hang him thereon. 10 So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had prepared for Mordecai. Then was the king's wrath pacified.
• Job 21:11-13 : 11 They send forth their little ones like a flock, And their children dance. 12 They sing to the timbrel and harp, And rejoice at the sound of the pipe. 13 They spend their days in prosperity, And in a moment they go down to Sheol.
• Isa 5:11-14 : 11 Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow strong drink; that tarry late into the night, till wine inflame them! 12 And the harp and the lute, the tabret and the pipe, and wine, are [in] their feasts; but they regard not the work of Jehovah, neither have they considered the operation of his hands. 13 Therefore my people are gone into captivity for lack of knowledge; and their honorable men are famished, and their multitude are parched with thirst. 14 Therefore Sheol hath enlarged its desire, and opened its mouth without measure; and their glory, and their multitude, and their pomp, and he that rejoiceth among them, descend [into it].
• Jer 51:39 : 39 When they are heated, I will make their feast, and I will make them drunken, that they may rejoice, and sleep a perpetual sleep, and not wake, saith Jehovah.
• Jer 51:57 : 57 And I will make drunk her princes and her wise men, her governors and her deputies, and her mighty men; and they shall sleep a perpetual sleep, and not wake, saith the King, whose name is Jehovah of hosts.
• Dan 5:1 : 1 Belshazzar the king made a great feast to a thousand of his lords, and drank wine before the thousand.
• Dan 5:5 : 5 In the same hour came forth the fingers of a man's hand, and wrote over against the candlestick upon the plaster of the wall of the king's palace: and the king saw the part of the hand that wrote.
• Dan 5:30 : 30 In that night Belshazzar the Chaldean King was slain.
• Nah 1:10 : 10 For entangled like thorns, and drunken as with their drink, they are consumed utterly as dry stubble.
• Luke 21:34-36 : 34 But take heed to yourselves, lest haply your hearts be overcharged with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and cares of this life, and that day come on you suddenly as a snare: 35 for [so] {G3803} shall it come upon all them that dwell on the face of all the earth. 36 But watch ye at every season, making supplication, that ye may prevail to escape all these things that shall come to pass, and to stand before the Son of man.