Jeremiah 31:32

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was a husband unto them, saith Jehovah.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹ֣א כַבְּרִ֗ית אֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּרַ֙תִּי֙ אֶת־אֲבוֹתָ֔ם בְּיוֹם֙ הֶחֱזִיקִ֣י בְיָדָ֔ם לְהוֹצִיאָ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֜מָּה הֵפֵ֣רוּ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֗י וְאָנֹכִ֛י בָּעַ֥לְתִּי בָ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃

Transliteration

lōʾ ḵabbərît ʾăšer kārattî ʾet-ʾăḇôtām bəyôm heḥĕzîqî ḇəyāḏām ləhôṣîʾām mēʾereṣ miṣrāyim ʾăšer-hēmmāh hēp̄ērû ʾet-bərîtî wə-ʾānōḵî bāʿaltî ḇām nəʾum-YHWH.

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *ḵabbərît*: preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - like the covenant
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - which
• *kārattî*: qal perfect 1st person singular - I cut/made
• *ʾet-ʾăḇôtām*: direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with their fathers
• *bəyôm*: preposition + masculine singular noun construct - in day of
• *heḥĕzîqî*: hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - my taking hold
• *ḇəyāḏām*: preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - by their hand
• *ləhôṣîʾām*: preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to bring them out
• *mēʾereṣ miṣrāyim*: preposition + construct state - from land of Egypt
• *ʾăšer-hēmmāh*: relative pronoun + 3rd person plural pronoun - which they
• *hēp̄ērû*: hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they broke
• *ʾet-bərîtî*: direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant
• *wə-ʾānōḵî*: conjunction + 1st person singular independent pronoun - and I
• *bāʿaltî*: qal perfect 1st person singular - I was a husband/lord/master
• *ḇām*: preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them
• *nəʾum-YHWH*: construct phrase - declaration of YHWH

Word Meanings

• *heḥĕzîqî ḇəyāḏām*: my taking hold of their hand/my grasping their hand/my seizing their hand
• *hēp̄ērû*: broke/violated/nullified/made void
• *bāʿaltî*: was a husband to/was a lord over/was a master of

Referenced Verses

• Deut 1:31 : 31 and in the wilderness, where thou hast seen how that Jehovah thy God bare thee, as a man doth bear his son, in all the way that ye went, until ye came unto this place.
• Deut 5:3 : 3 Jehovah made not this covenant with our fathers, but with us, even us, who are all of us here alive this day.
• Ezek 16:8 : 8 Now when I passed by thee, and looked upon thee, behold, thy time was the time of love; and I spread my skirt over thee, and covered thy nakedness: yea, I sware unto thee, and entered into a covenant with thee, saith the Lord Jehovah, and thou becamest mine.
• Exod 19:5 : 5 Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be mine own possession from among all peoples: for all the earth is mine:
• Exod 24:6-8 : 6 And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basins; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar. 7 And he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that Jehovah hath spoken will we do, and be obedient. 8 And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which Jehovah hath made with you concerning all these words.
• Jer 3:14 : 14 Return, O backsliding children, saith Jehovah; for I am a husband unto you: and I will take you one of a city, and two of a family, and I will bring you to Zion:
• Jer 11:7-9 : 7 For I earnestly protested unto your fathers in the day that I brought them up out of the land of Egypt, even unto this day, rising early and protesting, saying, Obey my voice. 8 Yet they obeyed not, nor inclined their ear, but walked every one in the stubbornness of their evil heart: therefore I brought upon them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do, but they did them not. 9 And Jehovah said unto me, A conspiracy is found among the men of Judah, and among the inhabitants of Jerusalem. 10 They are turned back to the iniquities of their forefathers, who refused to hear my words; and they are gone after other gods to serve them: the house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant which I made with their fathers.
• Jer 22:9 : 9 Then they shall answer, Because they forsook the covenant of Jehovah their God, and worshipped other gods, and served them.
• Jer 31:1 : 1 At that time, saith Jehovah, will I be the God of all the families of Israel, and they shall be my people.
• Jer 34:14 : 14 At the end of seven years ye shall let go every man his brother that is a Hebrew, that hath been sold unto thee, and hath served thee six years, thou shalt let him go free from thee: but your fathers hearkened not unto me, neither inclined their ear.
• Deut 29:1 : 1 These are the words of the covenant which Jehovah commanded Moses to make with the children of Israel in the land of Moab, besides the covenant which he made with them in Horeb.
• Deut 31:16 : 16 And Jehovah said unto Moses, Behold, thou shalt sleep with thy fathers; and this people will rise up, and play the harlot after the strange gods of the land, whither they go to be among them, and will forsake me, and break my covenant which I have made with them.
• 1 Kgs 8:9 : 9 There was nothing in the ark save the two tables of stone which Moses put there at Horeb, when Jehovah made a covenant with the children of Israel, when they came out of the land of Egypt.
• Ps 73:23 : 23 Nevertheless I am continually with thee: Thou hast holden my right hand.
• Song 8:5 : 5 Who is this that cometh up from the wilderness, Leaning upon her beloved? Under the apple-tree I awakened thee: There thy mother was in travail with thee, There was she in travail that brought thee forth.
• Isa 24:5 : 5 The earth also is polluted under the inhabitants thereof; because they have transgressed the laws, violated the statutes, broken the everlasting covenant.
• Isa 41:13 : 13 For I, Jehovah thy God, will hold thy right hand, saying unto thee, Fear not; I will help thee.
• Isa 54:5 : 5 For thy Maker is thy husband; Jehovah of hosts is his name: and the Holy One of Israel is thy Redeemer; the God of the whole earth shall he be called.
• Isa 63:12-14 : 12 that caused his glorious arm to go at the right hand of Moses? that divided the waters before them, to make himself an everlasting name? 13 that led them through the depths, as a horse in the wilderness, so that they stumbled not? 14 As the cattle that go down into the valley, the Spirit of Jehovah caused them to rest; so didst thou lead thy people, to make thyself a glorious name.
• Jer 2:2 : 2 Go, and cry in the ears of Jerusalem, saying, Thus saith Jehovah, I remember for thee the kindness of thy youth, the love of thine espousals; how thou wentest after me in the wilderness, in a land that was not sown.
• Lev 26:15 : 15 and if ye shall reject my statutes, and if your soul abhor mine ordinances, so that ye will not do all my commandments, but break my covenant;
• Ezek 16:59-62 : 59 For thus saith the Lord Jehovah: I will also deal with thee as thou hast done, who hast despised the oath in breaking the covenant. 60 Nevertheless I will remember my covenant with thee in the days of thy youth, and I will establish unto thee an everlasting covenant. 61 Then shalt thou remember thy ways, and be ashamed, when thou shalt receive thy sisters, thine elder [sisters] and thy younger; and I will give them unto thee for daughters, but not by thy covenant. 62 And I will establish my covenant with thee; and thou shalt know that I am Jehovah;
• Ezek 20:37 : 37 And I will cause you to pass under the rod, and I will bring you into the bond of the covenant;
• Ezek 23:4 : 4 And the names of them were Oholah the elder, and Oholibah her sister: and they became mine, and they bare sons and daughters. And as for their names, Samaria is Oholah, and Jerusalem Oholibah.
• Hos 2:2 : 2 Contend with your mother, contend; for she is not my wife, neither am I her husband; and let her put away her whoredoms from her face, and her adulteries from between her breasts;
• Hos 3:1 : 1 And Jehovah said unto me, Go again, love a woman beloved of [her] friend, and an adulteress, even as Jehovah loveth the children of Israel, though they turn unto other gods, and love cakes of raisins.
• Hos 11:1 : 1 When Israel was a child, then I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt.
• Hos 11:3-4 : 3 Yet I taught Ephraim to walk; I took them on my arms; but they knew not that I healed them. 4 I drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love; and I was to them as they that lift up the yoke on their jaws; and I laid food before them.
• Mark 8:23 : 23 And he took hold of the blind man by the hand, and brought him out of the village; and when he had spit on his eyes, and laid his hands upon him, he asked him, {G1487} Seest thou aught?
• John 3:29 : 29 He that hath the bride is the bridegroom: but the friend of the bridegroom, that standeth and heareth him, rejoiceth greatly because of the bridegroom's voice: this my joy therefore is made full.
• 2 Cor 11:2 : 2 For I am jealous over you with a godly jealousy: for I espoused you to one husband, that I might present you [as] a pure virgin to Christ.
• Heb 8:9 : 9 Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers In the day that I took them by the hand to lead them forth out of the land of Egypt; For they continued not in my covenant, And I regarded them not, saith the Lord.
• Heb 9:18-22 : 18 Wherefore even the first [covenant] hath not been dedicated without blood. 19 For when {G5259} every commandment had been spoken by Moses unto all the people according to the law, he took the blood of the calves and the goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people, 20 saying, This is the blood of the covenant which God commanded to you-ward. 21 Moreover the tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry he sprinkled in like manner with the blood. 22 And according to the law, I may almost say, all things are cleansed with blood, and apart from shedding of blood there is no remission.
• Deut 29:21 : 21 And Jehovah will set him apart unto evil out of all the tribes of Israel, according to all the curses of the covenant that is written in this book of the law.