Romans 9:29

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And, as Isaiah hath said before, Except the Lord of Sabaoth had left us a seed, We had become as Sodom, and had been made like unto Gomorrah.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ καθὼς προείρηκεν Ἠσαΐας, Εἰ μὴ Κύριος Σαβαὼθ ἐγκατέλιπεν ἡμῖν σπέρμα, ὡς Σόδομα ἂν ἐγενήθημεν, καὶ ὡς Γόμορρα ἂν ὡμοιώθημεν.

Transliteration

And just as proeirēken Ēsaias, If not Kyrios Sabaōth enkatelipen to us sperma, as Sodoma an egenēthēmen, and as Gomorra an hōmoiōthēmen.

Grammar Details

• *proeirēken*: perfect, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - has said before
• *Ēsaias*: nominative, masculine, singular - Isaiah
• *Kyrios*: nominative, masculine, singular - Lord
• *Sabaōth*: genitive, of hosts [Hebrew: armies]
• *enkatelipen*: aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - left/left behind
• *sperma*: accusative, neuter, singular - seed/offspring
• *an*: particle - would [indicating contingency]
• *egenēthēmen*: aorist, indicative, passive, 1st person plural - we would have become
• *hōmoiōthēmen*: aorist, indicative, passive, 1st person plural - we would have been made like

Word Meanings

• *proeirēken*: has said before/foretold/predicted
• *Sabaōth*: of hosts/of armies
• *enkatelipen*: left/left behind/preserved
• *sperma*: seed/offspring/descendants
• *egenēthēmen*: we would have become/we would have been
• *hōmoiōthēmen*: we would have been made like/we would have resembled

Referenced Verses

• Isa 1:9 : 9 Except Jehovah of hosts had left unto us a very small remnant, we should have been as Sodom, we should have been like unto Gomorrah.
• Isa 13:19 : 19 And Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the Chaldeans' pride, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.
• Jer 50:40 : 40 As when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah and the neighbor cities thereof, saith Jehovah, so shall no man dwell there, neither shall any son of man sojourn therein.
• Jas 5:4 : 4 Behold, the hire of the laborers who mowed your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth out: and the cries of them that reaped have entered into the ears of the Lord of Sabaoth.
• Amos 4:11 : 11 I have overthrown [cities] among you, as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah, and ye were as a brand plucked out of the burning: yet have ye not returned unto me, saith Jehovah.
• Jer 49:18 : 18 As in the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah and the neighbor cities thereof, saith Jehovah, no man shall dwell there, neither shall any son of man sojourn therein.
• Deut 29:23 : 23 [ and that] the whole land thereof is brimstone, and salt, [and] a burning, [that] it is not sown, nor beareth, nor any grass groweth therein, like the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, which Jehovah overthrew in his anger, and in his wrath:
• Gen 19:24-25 : 24 Then Jehovah rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone and fire from Jehovah out of heaven; 25 and he overthrew those cities, and all the Plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
• Isa 6:13 : 13 And if there be yet a tenth in it, it also shall in turn be eaten up: as a terebinth, and as an oak, whose stock remaineth, when they are felled; so the holy seed is the stock thereof.
• Lam 3:22 : 22 [ It is of] Jehovah's lovingkindnesses that we are not consumed, because his compassions fail not.
• Lam 4:6 : 6 For the iniquity of the daughter of my people is greater than the sin of Sodom, That was overthrown as in a moment, and no hands were laid upon her.
• Zeph 2:6 : 6 And the sea - coast shall be pastures, with cottages for shepherds and folds for flocks.
• 2 Pet 2:6 : 6 and turning the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah into ashes condemned them with an overthrow, having made them an example unto those that should live ungodly;
• Jude 1:7 : 7 Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them, having in like {G5125} manner with these given themselves over to fornication and gone after strange flesh, are set forth as an example, suffering the punishment of eternal fire.