1 Samuel 7:6

Bible in Basic English (1941)

So they came together to Mizpah, and got water, draining it out before the Lord, and they took no food that day, and they said, We have done evil against the Lord. And Samuel was judge of the children of Israel in Mizpah.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּקָּבְצ֣וּ הַ֠מִּצְפָּתָה וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־מַ֜יִם וֽ͏ַיִּשְׁפְּכ֣וּ ׀ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּצ֙וּמוּ֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ שָׁ֔ם חָטָ֖אנוּ לַיהוָ֑ה וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֧ט שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּמִּצְפָּֽה׃

Transliteration

And wayyiqqābṣû the-miṣpātâ and wayyišʾăbû-water and wayyišpĕkû before YHWH and wayyāṣûmû in-the-day the-that and wayyōʾmĕrû there ḥāṭāʾnû to-YHWH and wayyišpōṭ šĕmûʾēl ʾet-sons of yiśrāʾēl in-the-miṣpâ.

Grammar Details

• *wayyiqqābṣû*: waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they gathered themselves
• *wayyišʾăbû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they drew
• *wayyišpĕkû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they poured out
• *wayyāṣûmû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they fasted
• *wayyōʾmĕrû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said
• *ḥāṭāʾnû*: Qal perfect 1st person plural - we have sinned
• *wayyišpōṭ*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he judged

Word Meanings

• *wayyiqqābṣû*: gathered themselves/assembled/came together
• *wayyišʾăbû*: drew/pumped/fetched
• *wayyišpĕkû*: poured out/spilled/shed
• *wayyāṣûmû*: fasted/abstained from food
• *ḥāṭāʾnû*: we have sinned/we have missed the mark/we have transgressed
• *wayyišpōṭ*: judged/governed/vindicated/decided for

Referenced Verses

• Judg 10:10 : 10 Then the children of Israel, crying out to the Lord, said, Great is our sin against you, for we have given up our God and have been servants to the Baals.
• 1 Sam 1:15 : 15 And Hannah, answering him, said, No, my lord, I am a woman whose spirit is broken with sorrow: I have not taken wine or strong drink, but I have been opening my heart before the Lord.
• 2 Sam 14:14 : 14 For death comes to us all, and we are like water drained out on the earth, which it is not possible to take up again; and God will not take away the life of the man whose purpose is that he who has been sent away may not be completely cut off from him.
• Ps 106:6 : 6 We are sinners like our fathers, we have done wrong, our acts are evil.
• Lam 2:18-19 : 18 Let your cry go up to the Lord: O wall of the daughter of Zion, let your weeping be flowing down like a stream day and night; give yourself no rest, let not your eyes keep back the drops of sorrow. 19 Up! give cries in the night, at the starting of the night-watches; let your heart be flowing out like water before the face of the Lord, lifting up your hands to him for the life of your young children who are falling down, feeble for need of food, at the top of every street.
• Joel 2:12 : 12 But even now, says the Lord, come back to me with all your heart, keeping from food, with weeping and with sorrow:
• Ps 62:8 : 8 Have faith in him at all times, you people; let your hearts go flowing out before him: God is our safe place. (Selah.)
• Luke 15:18 : 18 I will get up and go to my father, and will say to him, Father, I have done wrong, against heaven and in your eyes:
• 1 Kgs 8:47 : 47 And if they take thought, in the land where they are prisoners, and are turned again to you, crying out in prayer to you in that land, and saying, We are sinners, we have done wrong, we have done evil;
• 2 Chr 20:3 : 3 Then Jehoshaphat, in his fear, went to the Lord for directions, and gave orders all through Judah for the people to go without food.
• Ezra 8:21-23 : 21 Then I gave orders for a time of going without food, there by the river Ahava, so that we might make ourselves low before our God in prayer, requesting from him a straight way for us and for our little ones and for all our substance. 22 For I would not, for shame, make request to the king for a band of armed men and horsemen to give us help against those who might make attacks on us on the way: for we had said to the king, The hand of our God is on his servants for good, but his power and his wrath are against all those who are turned away from him. 23 So we went without food, requesting our God for this: and his ear was open to our prayer.
• Ezra 9:5-9 : 5 And at the evening offering, having made myself low before God, I got up, and with signs of grief, falling down on my knees, with my hands stretched out to the Lord my God, 6 I said, O my God, shame keeps me from lifting up my face to you, my God: for our sins are increased higher than our heads and our evil-doing has come up to heaven. 7 From the days of our fathers till this day we have been great sinners; and for our sins, we and our kings and our priests have been given up into the hands of the kings of the lands, to the sword and to prison and to loss of goods and to shame of face, as it is this day. 8 And now for a little time grace has come to us from the Lord our God, to let a small band of us get free and to give us a nail in his holy place, so that our God may give light to our eyes and a measure of new life in our prison chains. 9 For we are servants; but our God has not been turned away from us in our prison, but has had mercy on us before the eyes of the kings of Persia, to give us new strength to put up again the house of our God and to make fair its waste places, and to give us a wall in Judah and Jerusalem. 10 And now, O our God, what are we to say after this? for we have not kept your laws,
• Neh 9:1-3 : 1 Now on the twenty-fourth day of this month the children of Israel came together, taking no food and putting haircloth and dust on their bodies. 2 And the seed of Israel made themselves separate from all the men of other nations, publicly requesting forgiveness for their sins and the wrongdoing of their fathers. 3 And for a fourth part of the day, upright in their places, they were reading from the book of the law of their God; and for a fourth part of the day they were requesting forgiveness and worshipping the Lord their God.
• Neh 9:27 : 27 And so you gave them up into the hands of their haters who were cruel to them: and in the time of their trouble, when they made their prayer to you, you gave ear to them from heaven; and in your great mercy gave them saviours, who made them free from the hands of their haters.
• Job 16:20 : 20 My friends make sport of me; to God my eyes are weeping,
• Job 33:27 : 27 He makes a song, saying, I did wrong, turning from the straight way, but he did not give me the reward of my sin.
• Job 40:4 : 4 Have you an arm like God? have you a voice of thunder like his?
• Job 42:6 : 6 For this cause I give witness that what I said is false, and in sorrow I take my seat in the dust.
• Ps 6:6 : 6 The voice of my sorrow is a weariness to me; all the night I make my bed wet with weeping; it is watered by the drops flowing from my eyes.
• Ps 38:3-8 : 3 My flesh is wasted because of your wrath; and there is no peace in my bones because of my sin. 4 For my crimes have gone over my head; they are like a great weight which is more than my strength. 5 My wounds are poisoned and evil-smelling, because of my foolish behaviour. 6 I am troubled, I am made low; I go weeping all the day. 7 For my body is full of burning; all my flesh is unhealthy. 8 I am feeble and crushed down; I gave a cry like a lion because of the grief in my heart.
• Ps 42:3 : 3 My tears have been my food day and night, while they keep saying to me, Where is your God?
• Jonah 3:1-9 : 1 And the word of the Lord came to Jonah a second time, saying, 2 Up! go to Nineveh, that great town, and give it the word which I have given you. 3 So Jonah got up and went to Nineveh as the Lord had said. Now Nineveh was a very great town, three days' journey from end to end. 4 And Jonah first of all went a day's journey into the town, and crying out said, In forty days destruction will overtake Nineveh. 5 And the people of Nineveh had belief in God; and a time was fixed for going without food, and they put on haircloth, from the greatest to the least. 6 And the word came to the king of Nineveh, and he got up from his seat of authority, and took off his robe, and covering himself with haircloth, took his seat in the dust. 7 And he had it given out in Nineveh, By the order of the king and his great men, no man or beast, herd or flock, is to have a taste of anything; let them have no food or water: 8 And let man and beast be covered with haircloth, and let them make strong prayers to God: and let everyone be turned from his evil way and the violent acts of their hands. 9 Who may say that God will not be turned, changing his purpose and turning away from his burning wrath, so that destruction may not overtake us? 10 And God saw what they did, how they were turned from their evil way; and God's purpose was changed as to the evil which he said he would do to them, and he did it not.
• Lev 26:40 : 40 And they will have grief for their sins and for the sins of their fathers, when their hearts were untrue to me, and they went against me;
• Judg 3:10 : 10 And the spirit of the Lord came on him and he became judge of Israel, and went out to war, and the Lord gave up Cushan-rishathaim, king of Mesopotamia, into his hands and he overcame him.
• Lam 3:49 : 49 My eyes are streaming without stopping, they have no rest,
• Ezek 20:4 : 4 Will you be their judge, O son of man, will you be their judge? make clear to them the disgusting ways of their fathers,
• Dan 9:3-5 : 3 And turning my face to the Lord God, I gave myself up to prayer, requesting his grace, going without food, in haircloth and dust. 4 And I made prayer to the Lord my God, putting our sins before him, and said, O Lord, the great God, greatly to be feared. keeping your agreement and mercy with those who have love for you and do your orders; 5 We are sinners, acting wrongly and doing evil; we have gone against you, turning away from your orders and from your laws:
• Ps 119:136 : 136 Rivers of water are flowing from my eyes, because men do not keep your law.
• Jer 3:13-14 : 13 Only be conscious of your sin, the evil you have done against the Lord your God; you have gone with strange men under every branching tree, giving no attention to my voice, says the Lord. 14 Come back, O children who are turned away, says the Lord; for I am a husband to you, and I will take you, one from a town and two from a family, and will make you come to Zion;
• Jer 9:1 : 1 If only my head was a stream of waters and my eyes fountains of weeping, so that I might go on weeping day and night for the dead of the daughter of my people!
• Jer 31:19 : 19 Truly, after I had been turned, I had regret for my ways; and after I had got knowledge, I made signs of sorrow: I was put to shame, truly, I was covered with shame, because I had to undergo the shame of my early years.
• Lam 2:11 : 11 My eyes are wasted with weeping, the inmost parts of my body are deeply moved, my inner parts are drained out on the earth, for the destruction of the daughter of my people; because of the young children and babies at the breast who are falling without strength in the open squares of the town.