Amos 1:9

Bible in Basic English (1941)

These are the words of the Lord: For three crimes of Tyre, and for four, I will not let its fate be changed; because they gave up all the people prisoners to Edom, without giving a thought to the brothers' agreement between them.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵי־צֹ֔ר וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַֽל־הַסְגִּירָ֞ם גָּל֤וּת שְׁלֵמָה֙ לֶאֱד֔וֹם וְלֹ֥א זָכְר֖וּ בְּרִ֥ית אַחִֽים׃

Transliteration

Thus ʾāmar YHWH for-šəlōšāh pišʿê-ṣōr and-for-ʾarbāʿāh not ʾăšîbenû for-hasgîrām gālût šəlēmāh to-ʾĕdôm and-not zākrû bərît ʾaḥîm

Grammar Details

• *ʾāmar*: perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/has said
• *YHWH*: proper name - LORD/Yahweh
• *šəlōšāh*: cardinal number, masculine - three
• *pišʿê*: construct state, masculine plural - transgressions of
• *ṣōr*: proper name - Tyre
• *ʾarbāʿāh*: cardinal number, masculine - four
• *ʾăšîbenû*: imperfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I will restore/turn back it
• *hasgîrām*: infinitive construct, hiphil with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their delivering
• *gālût*: feminine singular construct - exile/captivity
• *šəlēmāh*: feminine singular adjective - complete/entire
• *ʾĕdôm*: proper name - Edom
• *zākrû*: perfect, 3rd plural - they remembered
• *bərît*: feminine singular construct - covenant of
• *ʾaḥîm*: masculine plural noun - brothers

Word Meanings

• *pišʿê*: transgressions/rebellions/crimes
• *ʾăšîbenû*: I will not revoke/turn back/restore the punishment
• *hasgîrām*: their delivering up/handing over/surrendering
• *gālût* *šəlēmāh*: entire population/whole community/complete exile
• *bərît* *ʾaḥîm*: covenant of brothers/brotherly covenant/treaty of brotherhood

Referenced Verses

• 1 Kgs 9:11-14 : 11 (Hiram, king of Tyre, had given Solomon cedar-trees and cypress-trees and gold, as much as he had need of,) King Solomon gave Hiram twenty towns in the land of Galilee. 12 But when Hiram came from Tyre to see the towns which Solomon had given him, he was not pleased with them. 13 And he said, What sort of towns are these which you have given me, my brother? So they were named the land of Cabul, to this day. 14 And Hiram sent the king a hundred and twenty talents of gold.
• Isa 23:1-9 : 1 The word about Tyre. Let a cry of sorrow go up, O ships of Tarshish, because your strong place is made waste; on the way back from the land of Kittim the news is given to them. 2 Send out a cry of grief, you men of the sea-land, traders of Zidon, who go over the sea, whose representatives are on great waters; 3 Who get in the seed of Shihor, whose wealth is the trade of the nations. 4 Be shamed, O Zidon: for the sea, the strong place of the sea has said, I have not been with child, or given birth; I have not taken care of young men, or kept watch over the growth of virgins. 5 When the news comes to Egypt they will be bitterly pained at the fate of Tyre. 6 Go over to Tarshish; give cries of sorrow, O men of the sea-land. 7 Is this the town which was full of joy, whose start goes back to times long past, whose wanderings took her into far-off countries? 8 By whom was this purposed against Tyre, the crowning town, whose traders are chiefs, whose business men are honoured in the land? 9 It was the purpose of the Lord of armies to put pride to shame, to make sport of the glory of those who are honoured in the earth. 10 Let your land be worked with the plough, O daughter of Tarshish; there is no longer any harbour. 11 His hand is stretched out over the sea, the kingdoms are shaking: the Lord has given orders about Canaan, to make waste its strong places. 12 And he said, There is no more joy for you, O crushed virgin daughter of Zidon: up! go over to Kittim; even there you will have no rest. 13 ... 14 Let a cry of sorrow go up, O ships of Tarshish: because your strong place is made waste. 15 And it will be in that day that Tyre will go out of mind for seventy years, that is, the days of one king: after the end of seventy years it will be for Tyre as in the song of the loose woman. 16 Take an instrument of music, go about the town, O loose woman who has gone out from the memory of man; make sweet melody with songs, so that you may come back to men's minds. 17 And it will be after the end of seventy years, that the Lord will have mercy on Tyre, and she will go back to her trade, acting as a loose woman with all the kingdoms of the world on the face of the earth. 18 And her goods and her trade will be holy to the Lord: they will not be kept back or stored up; for her produce will be for those living in the Lord's land, to give them food for their needs, and fair clothing.
• Joel 3:4-8 : 4 The sun will be made dark and the moon turned to blood, before the great day of the Lord comes, a day to be feared. 5 And it will be that whoever makes his prayer to the name of the Lord will be kept safe: for in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem some will be kept safe, as the Lord has said, and will be among the small band marked out by the Lord. 6 For in those days and in that time, when I let the fate of Judah and Jerusalem be changed, 7 I will get together all the nations, and make them come down into the valley of Jehoshaphat; and there I will take up with them the cause of my people and of my heritage Israel, whom they have sent wandering among the nations, and of my land which has been parted by them. 8 And they have put the fate of my people to the decision of chance: giving a boy for the price of a loose woman and a girl for a drink of wine.
• Zech 9:2-4 : 2 As well as Hamath, which is by its limit, and Tyre and Zidon, because they are very wise. 3 And Tyre made for herself a strong place, and got together silver like dust and the best gold like the earth of the streets. 4 See, the Lord will take away her heritage, overturning her power in the sea; and she will be burned up with fire.
• Ezek 26:1-9 : 1 Now in the eleventh year, on the first day of the month, the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 2 Son of man, because Tyre has said against Jerusalem, Aha, she who was the doorway of the peoples is broken; she is turned over to them; she who was full is made waste; 3 For this cause the Lord has said, See, I am against you, O Tyre, and will send up a number of nations against you as the sea sends up its waves. 4 And they will give the walls of Tyre to destruction and have its towers broken: and I will take even her dust away from her, and make her an uncovered rock 5 She will be a place for the stretching out of nets in the middle of the sea; for I have said it, says the Lord: and her goods will be given over to the nations. 6 And her daughters in the open country will be put to the sword: and they will be certain that I am the Lord. 7 For this is what the Lord has said: See, I will send up from the north Nebuchadrezzar, king of Babylon, king of kings, against Tyre, with horses and war-carriages and with an army and great numbers of people. 8 He will put to the sword your daughters in the open country: he will make strong walls against you and put up an earthwork against you, arming himself for war against you. 9 He will put up his engines of war against your walls, and your towers will be broken down by his axes. 10 Because of the number of his horses you will be covered with their dust: your walls will be shaking at the noise of the horsemen and of the wheels and of the war-carriages, when he comes through your doorways, as into a town which has been broken open. 11 Your streets will be stamped down by the feet of his horses: he will put your people to the sword, and will send down the pillars of your strength to the earth. 12 They will take by force all your wealth and go off with the goods with which you do trade: they will have your walls broken down and all the houses of your desire given up to destruction: they will put your stones and your wood and your dust deep in the water. 13 I will put an end to the noise of your songs, and the sound of your instruments of music will be gone for ever. 14 I will make you an uncovered rock: you will be a place for the stretching out of nets; there will be no building you up again: for I the Lord have said it, says the Lord. 15 This is what the Lord has said to Tyre: Will not the sea-lands be shaking at the sound of your fall, when the wounded give cries of pain, when men are put to the sword in you? 16 Then all the rulers of the sea will come down from their high seats, and put away their robes and take off their clothing of needlework: they will put on the clothing of grief, they will take their seats on the earth, shaking with fear every minute and overcome with wonder at you. 17 And they will send up a song of grief for you, and say to you, What destruction has come on you, how are you cut off from the sea, the noted town, which was strong in the sea, she and her people, causing the fear of them to come on all the dry land! 18 Now the sea-lands will be shaking in the day of your fall; and all the ships on the sea will be overcome with fear at your going. 19 For this is what the Lord has said: I will make you a waste town, like the towns which are unpeopled; when I make the deep come upon you, covering you with great waters. 20 Then I will make you go down with those who go down into the underworld, to the people of the past, causing your living-place to be in the deepest parts of the earth, in places long unpeopled, with those who go down into the deep, so that there will be no one living in you; and you will have no glory in the land of the living. 21 I will make you a thing of fear, and you will come to an end: even if you are looked for, you will not be seen again for ever, says the Lord.
• 2 Chr 2:8-9 : 8 And send me cedar-trees, cypress-trees and sandal-wood from Lebanon, for, to my knowledge, your servants are expert wood-cutters in Lebanon; and my servants will be with yours, 9 To get trees for me in great numbers, for the house which I am building is to be great and a wonder. 10 And I will give as food to your servants, the wood-cutters, twenty thousand measures of grain, and twenty thousand measures of barley and twenty thousand measures of wine and twenty thousand measures of oil. 11 Then Huram, king of Tyre, sent Solomon an answer in writing, saying, Because of his love for his people the Lord has made you king over them. 12 And Huram said, Praise be to the Lord, the God of Israel, maker of heaven and earth, who has given to David the king a wise son, full of wisdom and good sense, to be the builder of a house for the Lord and a house for himself as king. 13 And now I am sending you a wise and expert man, Huram who is as my father, 14 The son of a woman of the daughters of Dan, whose father was a man of Tyre, an expert worker in gold and silver and brass and iron, in stone and wood, in purple and blue and fair linen and red, trained in the cutting of every sort of ornament and the invention of every sort of design; let him be given a place among your expert workmen and those of my lord, your father David. 15 So now let my lord send to his servants the grain and the oil and the wine as my lord has said; 16 And we will have wood cut from Lebanon, as much as you have need of, and will send it to you on flat boats by sea to Joppa, and from there you may take it up to Jerusalem.
• 2 Sam 5:11 : 11 And Hiram, king of Tyre, sent men to David, with cedar-trees and woodworkers and stoneworkers: and they made David a house.
• 1 Kgs 5:1-9 : 1 Now Hiram, king of Tyre, hearing that Solomon had been made king in place of his father, sent his servants to him; for Hiram had ever been a friend to David. 2 And Solomon sent back word to Hiram, saying, 3 You have knowledge that David my father was not able to make a house for the name of the Lord his God, because of the wars which were round him on every side, till the Lord put all those who were against him under his feet. 4 But now the Lord my God has given me rest on every side; no one is making trouble, and no evil is taking place. 5 And so it is my purpose to make a house for the name of the Lord my God, as he said to David my father, Your son, whom I will make king in your place, will be the builder of a house for my name. 6 So now, will you have cedar-trees from Lebanon cut down for me, and my servants will be with your servants; and I will give you payment for your servants at whatever rate you say; for it is common knowledge that we have no such wood-cutters among us as the men of Zidon. 7 And these words of Solomon made Hiram glad, and he said, Now may the Lord be praised who has given to David a wise son to be king over this great people. 8 Then Hiram sent to Solomon, saying; The words you sent have been given to me: I will do all your desire in the question of cedar-wood and cypress-wood. 9 My men will take them down from Lebanon to the sea, where I will have them corded together to go by sea to whatever place you say, and I will have them cut up there so that you may take them away; as for payment, it will be enough if you give me food for my people. 10 So Hiram gave Solomon all the cedar-wood and cypress-wood he had need of; 11 And Solomon gave Hiram twenty thousand measures of grain, as food for his people, and twenty measures of clear oil; this he did every year.
• Amos 1:6 : 6 These are the words of the Lord: For three crimes of Gaza, and for four, I will not let its fate be changed; because they took all the people away prisoners, to give them up to Edom.
• Amos 1:11 : 11 These are the words of the Lord: For three crimes of Edom, and for four, I will not let its fate be changed; because his sword was turned against his brother, without pity, and his wrath was burning at all times, and he was angry for ever.
• Jer 25:22 : 22 And all the kings of Tyre, and all the kings of Zidon, and the kings of the lands across the sea;
• Jer 47:4 : 4 Because of the day which is coming with destruction on all the Philistines, cutting off from Tyre and Zidon the last of their helpers: for the Lord will send destruction on the Philistines, the rest of the sea-land of Caphtor.
• Matt 11:21 : 21 Unhappy are you, Chorazin! Unhappy are you, Beth-saida! For if the works of power which were done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have been turned from their sins in days gone by, clothing themselves in haircloth and putting dust on their heads.