Esther 9:24

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

For Haman, the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted to destroy them. He cast the pur—that is, the lot—to crush and annihilate them.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּי֩ הָמָ֨ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֜תָא הָֽאֲגָגִ֗י צֹרֵר֙ כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים חָשַׁ֥ב עַל־הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים לְאַבְּדָ֑ם וְהִפִּ֥יל פּוּר֙ ה֣וּא הַגּוֹרָ֔ל לְהֻמָּ֖ם וּֽלְאַבְּדָֽם

Transliteration

Because hāmān son-of-hammᵉdātāʾ the-ʾăgāgî ṣōrēr all-the-yehûdîm ḥāšaḇ against-the-yehûdîm to lᵉʾabbᵉdām and hippîl pûr he the-gôrāl to lᵉhummām and to lᵉʾabbᵉdām

Grammar Details

• *hāmān*: noun, proper - Haman
• *hammᵉdātāʾ*: noun, proper - Hammedatha
• *ʾăgāgî*: adjective, gentilic - Agagite
• *ṣōrēr*: Qal participle, masculine singular - enemy/adversary of
• *yehûdîm*: noun, masculine plural - Jews
• *ḥāšaḇ*: Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he plotted/devised
• *lᵉʾabbᵉdām*: Piel infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to destroy them
• *hippîl*: Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he cast
• *pûr*: noun, masculine singular (foreign loan word) - pur
• *gôrāl*: noun, masculine singular - lot
• *lᵉhummām*: Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to discomfit/confuse them

Word Meanings

• *ṣōrēr*: adversary/enemy/foe/opponent
• *ḥāšaḇ*: plotted/devised/planned/schemed
• *lᵉʾabbᵉdām*: to destroy them/annihilate them/make them perish
• *hippîl*: cast/threw/dropped
• *pûr*: pur (foreign word for lot)
• *gôrāl*: lot/die/destiny
• *lᵉhummām*: to confuse them/discomfit them/vex them

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to dtroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them, and to dtroy them;

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  because Haman{H2001} the son{H1121} of Hammedatha,{H4099} the Agagite,{H91} the enemy{H6887} of all the Jews,{H3064} had plotted{H2803} against the Jews{H3064} to destroy{H6} them, and had cast{H5307} Pur,{H6332} that is the lot,{H1486} to consume{H2000} them, and to destroy{H6} them;

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Because Haman{H2001} the son{H1121} of Hammedatha{H4099}, the Agagite{H91}, the enemy{H6887}{(H8802)} of all the Jews{H3064}, had devised{H2803}{(H8804)} against the Jews{H3064} to destroy{H6}{(H8763)} them, and had cast{H5307}{(H8689)} Pur{H6332}, that is, the lot{H1486}, to consume{H2000}{(H8800)} them, and to destroy{H6}{(H8763)} them;

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  how that Aman the sonne of Amadathai all ye Iewes enemye, had deuysed to destroye all the Iewes, and caused the lot to be cast for to put them in feare, and to brynge them to naughte:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Because Haman the sonne of Hammedatha the Agagite al the Iewes aduersarie, had imagined against the Iewes, to destroy them, and had cast Pur (that is a lot) to consume and destroy them.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Because Haman the sonne of Hamadatha the Agagite all the Iewes enemie, had deuised against the Iewes how he might destroy them, and caused to cast Phur (that is a lot) for to consume them, & to bring them to naught.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that [is], the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  because Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, adversary of all the Jews, had devised concerning the Jews to destroy them, and had caused to fall Pur -- that `is' the lot -- to crush them and to destroy them;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Because Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the hater of all the Jews, had made designs for their destruction, attempting to get a decision by Pur (that is, chance) with a view to putting an end to them and cutting them off;

• World English Bible (2000)

  because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast "Pur," that is the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  For Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised plans against the Jews to destroy them. He had cast pur(that is, the lot) in order to afflict and destroy them.

Referenced Verses

• Esth 3:5-9 : 5 When Haman saw that Mordecai would not bow down or pay homage to him, he was filled with rage. 6 But he considered it beneath him to attack Mordecai alone, for they had told him about Mordecai’s people. So Haman sought to destroy all the Jews throughout the kingdom of Ahasuerus, the people of Mordecai. 7 In the first month, the month of Nisan, in the twelfth year of King Ahasuerus, they cast Pur (that is, the lot) before Haman for each day and each month, until the twelfth month, the month of Adar. 8 Then Haman said to King Ahasuerus, "There is a certain people scattered and separated among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom. Their laws differ from those of every other people, and they do not obey the king’s laws. Therefore, it is not beneficial for the king to tolerate them. 9 If it pleases the king, let a decree be written to destroy them, and I will weigh out ten thousand talents of silver into the hands of those who carry out the work, to be deposited in the king’s treasuries." 10 So the king removed his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman, the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews. 11 The king said to Haman, "The silver is given to you, as well as the people, to do with them as it seems good to you." 12 On the thirteenth day of the first month, the king’s scribes were summoned and an edict was written according to all that Haman commanded. It was addressed to the satraps of the king, to the governors of each province, and to the officials of every people, to each province in its script and to each people in its language. It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the king’s signet ring. 13 Letters were sent by couriers to all the king’s provinces, ordering the destruction, killing, and annihilation of all the Jews—young and old, children and women—in a single day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar, and to plunder their possessions.
• Esth 9:10 : 10 the ten sons of Haman, the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews. But they did not lay their hands on the plunder.