Hosea 12:15

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Ephraim provoked the LORD to bitter anger; his bloodguilt will remain on him, and his Lord will repay him for his disgrace.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

הִכְעִ֥יס אֶפְרַ֖יִם תַּמְרוּרִ֑ים וְדָמָיו֙ עָלָ֣יו יִטּ֔וֹשׁ וְחֶ֨רְפָּת֔וֹ יָשִׁ֥יב ל֖וֹ אֲדֹנָֽיו׃

Transliteration

hikʿîs ʾeprayim tamrûrîm wĕ-dāmāyw upon-him yiṭṭôš wĕ-ḥerpātô yāšîb to-him ʾădōnāyw

Grammar Details

• *hikʿîs*: verb, hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he provoked to anger
• *ʾeprayim*: proper noun - Ephraim
• *tamrûrîm*: noun, masculine plural - bitterly/bitterness
• *wĕ-dāmāyw*: conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his blood
• *yiṭṭôš*: verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will leave/abandon
• *wĕ-ḥerpātô*: conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his reproach
• *yāšîb*: verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will return/repay
• *ʾădōnāyw*: noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his Lord

Word Meanings

• *hikʿîs*: provoked to anger/vexed/irritated
• *tamrûrîm*: bitterly/with bitterness/most bitterly
• *dāmāyw*: his blood/his bloodguilt/his bloodshed
• *yiṭṭôš*: will leave/will abandon/will cast
• *ḥerpātô*: his reproach/his disgrace/his shame
• *yāšîb*: will return/will repay/will restore
• *ʾădōnāyw*: his Lord/his Master

Other Translations

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  I have been bitterly moved to wrath by Ephraim; so that his blood will be on him, and the Lord will make his shame come back on him.