1{
"verseID": "Genesis.10.1",
"source": "וְאֵ֙לֶּה֙ תּוֹלְדֹ֣ת בְּנֵי־נֹ֔חַ שֵׁ֖ם חָ֣ם וָיָ֑פֶת וַיִּוָּלְד֥וּ לָהֶ֛ם בָּנִ֖ים אַחַ֥ר הַמַּבּֽוּל׃",
"text": "And *ʾēlleh tôlədôt bənê-nōaḥ* *Šēm Ḥām wāyāpet* and *wayyiwwālədû* to them *bānîm* after *hammabbûl*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction, prefixed - and",
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these",
"*tôlədôt*": "feminine plural noun, construct state - generations/descendants of",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - sons of",
"*nōaḥ*": "proper noun - Noah",
"*Šēm*": "proper noun - Shem",
"*Ḥām*": "proper noun - Ham",
"*wāyāpet*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Japheth",
"*wayyiwwālədû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they were born",
"*lāhem*": "preposition lə- with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons",
"*ʾaḥar*": "preposition - after",
"*hammabbûl*": "definite article ha- + masculine singular noun - the flood"
},
"variants": {
"*tôlədôt*": "generations/descendants/genealogical history",
"*wayyiwwālədû*": "were born/were begotten"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "Genesis.10.2",
"source": "בְּנֵ֣י יֶ֔פֶת גֹּ֣מֶר וּמָג֔וֹג וּמָדַ֖י וְיָוָ֣ן וְתֻבָ֑ל וּמֶ֖שֶׁךְ וְתִירָֽס׃",
"text": "*bənê Yepet Gōmer ûmāgôg ûmāday wəyāwān wətubāl ûmešek wətîrās*",
"grammar": {
"*bənê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - sons of",
"*Yepet*": "proper noun - Japheth",
"*Gōmer*": "proper noun - Gomer",
"*û-māgôg*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Magog",
"*û-māday*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Madai",
"*wə-yāwān*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Javan",
"*wə-tubāl*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Tubal",
"*û-mešek*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Meshech",
"*wə-tîrās*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Tiras"
},
"variants": {
"*bənê*": "sons/descendants"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Genesis.10.3",
"source": "וּבְנֵ֖י גֹּ֑מֶר אַשְׁכֲּנַ֥ז וְרִיפַ֖ת וְתֹגַרְמָֽה׃",
"text": "And *bənê Gōmer ʾAškənaz wərîpat wətōgarmāh*",
"grammar": {
"*û-bənê*": "conjunction wə- + masculine plural noun, construct state - and sons of",
"*Gōmer*": "proper noun - Gomer",
"*ʾAškənaz*": "proper noun - Ashkenaz",
"*wə-rîpat*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Riphath",
"*wə-tōgarmāh*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Togarmah"
},
"variants": {
"*bənê*": "sons/descendants"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Genesis.10.4",
"source": "וּבְנֵ֥י יָוָ֖ן אֱלִישָׁ֣ה וְתַרְשִׁ֑ישׁ כִּתִּ֖ים וְדֹדָנִֽים׃",
"text": "And *bənê Yāwān ʾĔlîšāh wətaršîš Kittîm wəDōdānîm*",
"grammar": {
"*û-bənê*": "conjunction wə- + masculine plural noun, construct state - and sons of",
"*Yāwān*": "proper noun - Javan",
"*ʾĔlîšāh*": "proper noun - Elishah",
"*wə-taršîš*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Tarshish",
"*Kittîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Kittim",
"*wə-Dōdānîm*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun, masculine plural - and Dodanim"
},
"variants": {
"*bənê*": "sons/descendants"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Genesis.10.5",
"source": "מֵ֠אֵלֶּה נִפְרְד֞וּ אִיֵּ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ בְּאַרְצֹתָ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ לִלְשֹׁנ֑וֹ לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם בְּגוֹיֵהֶֽם׃",
"text": "From *ʾēlleh niprədû ʾiyyê haggôyim bəʾarṣōtām ʾîš lilšōnô ləmišpəḥōtām bəgôyêhem*",
"grammar": {
"*mē-ʾēlleh*": "preposition min + demonstrative pronoun, plural - from these",
"*niprədû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person plural - were separated/divided",
"*ʾiyyê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - coastlands/islands of",
"*ha-gôyim*": "definite article ha- + masculine plural noun - the nations",
"*bə-ʾarṣōtām*": "preposition bə- + feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their lands",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man/each one",
"*li-lšōnô*": "preposition lə- + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - according to his language",
"*lə-mišpəḥōtām*": "preposition lə- + feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - according to their families",
"*bə-gôyêhem*": "preposition bə- + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their nations"
},
"variants": {
"*niprədû*": "were separated/divided/spread out",
"*ʾiyyê*": "coastlands/islands/maritime regions",
"*ʾîš*": "each man/each one/everyone"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Genesis.10.6",
"source": "וּבְנֵ֖י חָ֑ם כּ֥וּשׁ וּמִצְרַ֖יִם וּפ֥וּט וּכְנָֽעַן׃",
"text": "And *bənê Ḥām Kûš ûMiṣrayim ûPûṭ ûKənāʿan*",
"grammar": {
"*û-bənê*": "conjunction wə- + masculine plural noun, construct state - and sons of",
"*Ḥām*": "proper noun - Ham",
"*Kûš*": "proper noun - Cush",
"*û-Miṣrayim*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Egypt/Mizraim",
"*û-Pûṭ*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Put",
"*û-Kənāʿan*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Canaan"
},
"variants": {
"*bənê*": "sons/descendants",
"*Miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Mizraim (dual form)"
}
}