1 Kings 18:7

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "1 Kings.18.7", "source": "וַיְהִ֤י עֹבַדְיָ֙הוּ֙ בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ וְהִנֵּ֥ה אֵלִיָּ֖הוּ לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וַיַּכִּרֵ֙הוּ֙ וַיִּפֹּ֣ל עַל־פָּנָ֔יו וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הַאַתָּ֥ה זֶ֖ה אֲדֹנִ֥י אֵלִיָּֽהוּ", "text": "And *wayəhî* *ʿōbadyāhû* in-the-*derek* and-*hinnēh* *ʾēlîyāhû* to-*liqrātô* and *wayyakkirēhû* and *wayyippōl* upon-*pānāyw* and *wayyōʾmer* ?-*ʾattāh* *zeh* *ʾădōnî* *ʾēlîyāhû*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened", "*ʿōbadyāhû*": "proper name - Obadiah", "*derek*": "noun masculine singular - way/road", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*ʾēlîyāhû*": "proper name - Elijah", "*liqrātô*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3ms suffix - to meet him", "*wayyakkirēhû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - and he recognized him", "*wayyippōl*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he fell", "*pānāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3ms suffix - his face", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun 2ms - you", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun masculine singular + 1cs suffix - my lord/master", "*ʾēlîyāhû*": "proper name - Elijah" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "it happened/it came to pass", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*liqrātô*": "to meet him/to encounter him", "*wayyakkirēhû*": "recognized him/identified him", "*wayyippōl*": "he fell/he prostrated himself", "*ʾădōnî*": "my lord/my master" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִ֤י עֹבַדְיָ֙הוּ֙ בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ וְהִנֵּ֥ה אֵלִיָּ֖הוּ לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וַיַּכִּרֵ֙הוּ֙ וַיִּפֹּ֣ל עַל־פָּנָ֔יו וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הַאַתָּ֥ה זֶ֖ה אֲדֹנִ֥י אֵלִיָּֽהוּ

Transliteration

And wayəhî ʿōbadyāhû in-the-derek and-hinnēh ʾēlîyāhû to-liqrātô and wayyakkirēhû and wayyippōl upon-pānāyw and wayyōʾmer ?-ʾattāh zeh ʾădōnî ʾēlîyāhû

Grammar Details

• *wayəhî*: conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened
• *ʿōbadyāhû*: proper name - Obadiah
• *derek*: noun masculine singular - way/road
• *hinnēh*: interjection - behold/look
• *ʾēlîyāhû*: proper name - Elijah
• *liqrātô*: preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3ms suffix - to meet him
• *wayyakkirēhû*: conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - and he recognized him
• *wayyippōl*: conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he fell
• *pānāyw*: noun masculine plural + 3ms suffix - his face
• *wayyōʾmer*: conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said
• *ʾattāh*: pronoun 2ms - you
• *zeh*: demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this
• *ʾădōnî*: noun masculine singular + 1cs suffix - my lord/master

Word Meanings

• *wayəhî*: it happened/it came to pass
• *hinnēh*: behold/look/see
• *liqrātô*: to meet him/to encounter him
• *wayyakkirēhû*: recognized him/identified him
• *wayyippōl*: he fell/he prostrated himself
• *ʾădōnî*: my lord/my master

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  While Obadiah was walking along the road, Elijah met him. Obadiah recognized him, bowed to the ground, and said, "Is it really you, my lord Elijah?"

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And as Obadiah was in the way, behold, Elijah met him: and he knew him, and fell on his face, and said, Art thou that my lord Elijah?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And as Obadiah was on the way, behold, Elijah met him: and he knew him, and fell on his face, and said, Are you my lord Elijah?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And as Obadiah was in the way, behold, Elijah met him: and he knew him, and fell on his face, and said, Art thou that my lord Elijah?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And as Obadiah{H5662} was in the way,{H1870} behold, Elijah{H452} met{H7125} him: and he knew{H5234} him, and fell{H5307} on his face,{H6440} and said,{H559} Is it thou, my lord{H113} Elijah?{H452}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And as Obadiah{H5662} was in the way{H1870}, behold, Elijah{H452} met{H7125}{(H8800)} him: and he knew{H5234}{(H8686)} him, and fell{H5307}{(H8799)} on his face{H6440}, and said{H559}{(H8799)}, Art thou that my lord{H113} Elijah{H452}?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Now whan Abdia was on ye waye, Elias met him. And whan he knewe him, he fell downe vpon his face, & sayde: Art not thou my lorde Elias?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And as Obadiah was in the way, behold, Eliiah met him: & he knew him, and fell on his face, and said, Art not thou my lord Eliiah?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And it chaunced that as Obadia was in the way, beholde Elias met him, and he knew him, and fell on his face, and saide: Art not thou my lorde Elias?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And as Obadiah was in the way, behold, Elijah met him: and he knew him, and fell on his face, and said, [Art] thou that my lord Elijah?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  As Obadiah was in the way, behold, Elijah met him: and he knew him, and fell on his face, and said, Is it you, my lord Elijah?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and Obadiah `is' in the way, and lo, Elijah -- to meet him; and he discerneth him, and falleth on his face, and saith, `Art thou he -- my lord Elijah?'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And as Obadiah was in the way, behold, Elijah met him: and he knew him, and fell on his face, and said, Is it thou, my lord Elijah?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And as Obadiah was in the way, behold, Elijah met him: and he knew him, and fell on his face, and said, Is it thou, my lord Elijah?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And while Obadiah was on his way, he came face to face with Elijah; and seeing who it was, he went down on his face and said, Is it you, my lord Elijah?

• World English Bible (2000)

  As Obadiah was in the way, behold, Elijah met him: and he recognized him, and fell on his face, and said, "Is it you, my lord Elijah?"

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  As Obadiah was traveling along, Elijah met him. When he recognized him, he fell facedown to the ground and said,“Is it really you, my master, Elijah?”

Referenced Verses

• 2 Kgs 1:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Kings.1.6", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֵלָ֜יו אִ֣ישׁ ׀ עָלָ֣ה לִקְרָאתֵ֗נוּ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלֵינוּ֮ לְכ֣וּ שׁוּבוּ֮ אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֣ח אֶתְכֶם֒ וְדִבַּרְתֶּ֣ם אֵלָ֗יו כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הַֽמִבְּלִ֤י אֵין־אֱלֹהִים֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַתָּ֣ה שֹׁלֵ֔חַ לִדְרֹ֕שׁ בְּבַ֥עַל זְב֖וּב אֱלֹהֵ֣י עֶקְר֑וֹן לָ֠כֵן הַמִּטָּ֞ה אֲשֶׁר־עָלִ֥יתָ שָּׁ֛ם לֹֽא־תֵרֵ֥ד מִמֶּ֖נָּה כִּֽי־מ֥וֹת תָּמֽוּת׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmərû* *ʾēlāyw* *ʾîsh* *ʿālāh* *liqrāʾtēnû* *wə-yōʾmer* *ʾēlênû* *ləkû* *shûbû* *ʾel-ha-melek* *ʾăsher-shālaḥ* *ʾetkem* *wə-dibbartem* *ʾēlāyw* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *hă-mib-bəlî* *ʾên-ʾĕlōhîm* *bə-Yisrāʾēl* *ʾattāh* *shōlēaḥ* *li-drōsh* *bə-Baʿal zəbûb* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʿEqrôn* *lākēn* *ha-miṭṭāh* *ʾăsher-ʿālîtā* *shām* *lōʾ-tērēd* *mimmennāh* *kî-môt* *tāmût*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾîsh*": "noun, masculine singular - a man", "*ʿālāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came up", "*liqrāʾtēnû*": "preposition + infinitive construct + 1st plural suffix - to meet us", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾēlênû*": "preposition + 1st plural suffix - to us", "*ləkû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - go", "*shûbû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - return", "*ʾel-ha-melek*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the king", "*ʾăsher-shālaḥ*": "relative particle + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - who sent", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*wə-dibbartem*": "conjunction + piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and say", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - says", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*hă-mib-bəlî*": "interrogative + preposition + negative particle - is it because there is no", "*ʾên-ʾĕlōhîm*": "negative particle + noun, masculine plural - no God", "*bə-Yisrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Israel", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - you", "*shōlēaḥ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - sending", "*li-drōsh*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to inquire", "*bə-Baʿal zəbûb*": "preposition + proper noun compound - of Baal-zebub", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - god of", "*ʿEqrôn*": "proper noun - Ekron", "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*ha-miṭṭāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the bed", "*ʾăsher-ʿālîtā*": "relative particle + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - which you went up", "*shām*": "adverb - there", "*lōʾ-tērēd*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not come down", "*mimmennāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - from it", "*kî-môt*": "conjunction + qal infinitive absolute - for surely die", "*tāmût*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall die" }, "variants": { "*ʾîsh*": "man/person/someone", "*ʿālāh*": "came up/approached/met", "*ha-miṭṭāh*": "bed/couch/stretcher", "*môt tāmût*": "you will surely die (emphatic construction)" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Kings.1.7", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם מֶ֚ה מִשְׁפַּ֣ט הָאִ֔ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָלָ֖ה לִקְרַאתְכֶ֑ם וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵיכֶ֔ם אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "*wə-yədabbēr* *ʾălêhem* *meh* *mishpaṭ* *hā-ʾîsh* *ʾăsher* *ʿālāh* *liqraʾtkem* *wə-yədabbēr* *ʾălêkem* *ʾet-ha-dəbārîm* *hā-ʾēlleh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yədabbēr*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*meh*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*mishpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - appearance/manner of", "*hā-ʾîsh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man", "*ʾăsher*": "relative particle - who", "*ʿālāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came up", "*liqraʾtkem*": "preposition + infinitive construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to meet you", "*wə-yədabbēr*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and spoke", "*ʾălêkem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you", "*ʾet-ha-dəbārîm*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, masculine plural - the words", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective, plural - these" }, "variants": { "*mishpaṭ*": "appearance/manner/description/judgment", "*ʿālāh*": "came up/approached/met" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Kings.1.8", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֗יו אִ֚ישׁ בַּ֣עַל שֵׂעָ֔ר וְאֵז֥וֹר ע֖וֹר אָז֣וּר בְּמָתְנָ֑יו וַיֹּאמַ֕ר אֵלִיָּ֥ה הַתִּשְׁבִּ֖י הֽוּא׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmərû* *ʾēlāyw* *ʾîsh* *baʿal* *sēʿār* *wə-ʾēzôr* *ʿôr* *ʾāzûr* *bə-motnāyw* *wə-yōʾmar* *ʾĒliyyāh* *ha-Tishbî* *hûʾ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾîsh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - a man of", "*baʿal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - possessor of", "*sēʿār*": "noun, masculine singular - hair", "*wə-ʾēzôr*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and a belt of", "*ʿôr*": "noun, masculine singular - leather", "*ʾāzûr*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - girded", "*bə-motnāyw*": "preposition + noun, dual + 3rd masculine singular suffix - around his waist", "*wə-yōʾmar*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾĒliyyāh*": "proper noun - Elijah", "*ha-Tishbî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Tishbite", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*baʿal sēʿār*": "hairy man/possessor of hair/having much hair", "*ʾēzôr ʿôr*": "leather belt/girdle of skin", "*motnāyw*": "waist/loins" } }
• Isa 60:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.14", "source": "וְהָלְכ֨וּ אֵלַ֤יִךְ שְׁח֙וֹחַ֙ בְּנֵ֣י מְעַנַּ֔יִךְ וְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֛וּ עַל־כַּפּ֥וֹת רַגְלַ֖יִךְ כָּל־מְנַֽאֲצָ֑יִךְ וְקָ֤רְאוּ לָךְ֙ עִ֣יר יְהוָ֔ה צִיּ֖וֹן קְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-hālḵû* *ʾēlayik* *šəḥôaḥ* *bənê* *məʿannayik* *wə-hištaḥăwû* *ʿal-kappôṯ* *raḡlayik* *kāl-mənaʾăṣāyik* *wə-qārəʾû* *lāḵ* *ʿîr* *YHWH* *ṣiyyôn* *qəḏôš* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-hālḵû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will come/walk", "*ʾēlayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*šəḥôaḥ*": "infinitive absolute - bowing down", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*məʿannayik*": "participle, masculine plural, piel with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your oppressors", "*wə-hištaḥăwû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural, hitpael - and they will prostrate themselves", "*ʿal-kappôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - at the soles of", "*raḡlayik*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your feet", "*kāl-mənaʾăṣāyik*": "noun, masculine singular + participle, masculine plural, piel with 2nd feminine singular suffix - all your despisers", "*wə-qārəʾû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will call", "*lāḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, proper noun", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*qəḏôš*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - Holy One of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*hālḵû*": "they will come/they will walk/they will go", "*šəḥôaḥ*": "bowing down/bending low/humble", "*bənê*": "sons of/children of/descendants of", "*məʿannayik*": "your oppressors/your afflicters/those who tormented you", "*hištaḥăwû*": "they will prostrate themselves/they will bow down/they will worship", "*kappôṯ*": "soles/palms", "*raḡlayim*": "feet", "*mənaʾăṣāyik*": "your despisers/those who rejected you/those who scorned you", "*qārəʾû*": "they will call/they will name/they will proclaim", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*ṣiyyôn*": "Zion (place name)", "*qəḏôš*": "Holy One/sacred one" } }
• Matt 3:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Matthew.3.4", "source": "Αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ Ἰωάννης εἶχεν τὸ ἔνδυμα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ τριχῶν καμήλου, καὶ ζώνην δερματίνην περὶ τὴν ὀσφὺν αὐτοῦ· ἡ δὲ τροφὴ αὐτοῦ ἦν ἀκρίδες καὶ μέλι ἄγριον.", "text": "*Autos* *de* the *Iōannēs* *eichen* the *endyma* of him from *trichōn* of *kamēlou*, and *zōnēn* *dermatinēn* around the *osphyn* of him; the *de* *trophē* of him *ēn* *akrides* and *meli* *agrion*.", "grammar": { "*Autos*": "intensive pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - himself", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*Iōannēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - John", "*eichen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was having/had", "*endyma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - garment/clothing", "*trichōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of hairs", "*kamēlou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of camel", "*zōnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - belt/girdle", "*dermatinēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - leather/of skin", "*osphyn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - waist/loins", "*trophē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - food/nourishment", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was", "*akrides*": "nominative, feminine, plural - locusts", "*meli*": "nominative, neuter, singular - honey", "*agrion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - wild" }, "variants": { "*endyma*": "garment/clothing/cloak", "*zōnēn*": "belt/girdle/sash", "*dermatinēn*": "leather/of skin/made of hide", "*osphyn*": "waist/loins/hip", "*trophē*": "food/nourishment/sustenance", "*agrion*": "wild/of the wilderness/untamed" } }
• Matt 11:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Matthew.11.8", "source": "Ἀλλὰ τί ἐξήλθετε ἰδεῖν; Ἄνθρωπον ἐν μαλακοῖς ἱματίοις ἠμφιεσμένον; ἰδού, οἱ τὰ μαλακὰ φοροῦντες ἐν τοῖς οἴκοις τῶν βασιλέων εἰσίν.", "text": "But what *exēlthete* *idein*? *Anthrōpon* in *malakois* *himatiois* *ēmphiesmenon*? *idou*, the ones the *malaka* *phorountes* in the *oikois* of the *basileōn* *eisin*.", "grammar": { "*exēlthete*": "aorist, active, 2nd plural - you went out", "*idein*": "aorist infinitive, active - to see", "*Anthrōpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - man/person", "*malakois*": "dative, neuter, plural - soft/luxurious", "*himatiois*": "dative, neuter, plural - garments/clothes", "*ēmphiesmenon*": "perfect participle, passive, accusative, masculine, singular - having been clothed", "*idou*": "aorist imperative, middle, 2nd singular - behold/look", "*malaka*": "accusative, neuter, plural - soft things", "*phorountes*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - wearing", "*oikois*": "dative, masculine, plural - houses", "*basileōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of kings", "*eisin*": "present, active, 3rd plural - they are" }, "variants": { "*exēlthete*": "you went out/came out", "*idein*": "to see/behold/observe", "*Anthrōpon*": "man/person/human being", "*malakois*": "soft/luxurious/delicate", "*himatiois*": "garments/clothes/robes", "*ēmphiesmenon*": "having been clothed/dressed/arrayed", "*malaka*": "soft things/luxuries", "*phorountes*": "wearing/bearing/carrying", "*oikois*": "houses/homes/palaces", "*basileōn*": "of kings/rulers" } }
• Gen 18:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.2", "source": "וַיִּשָּׂ֤א עֵינָיו֙ וַיַּ֔רְא וְהִנֵּה֙ שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֔ים נִצָּבִ֖ים עָלָ֑יו וַיַּ֗רְא וַיָּ֤רָץ לִקְרָאתָם֙ מִפֶּ֣תַח הָאֹ֔הֶל וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ אָֽרְצָה׃", "text": "And-*wayyiśśāʾ* *ʿênāyw* and-*wayyarʾ* and-*hinnēh* three *ʾănāšîm* *niṣṣābîm* upon-him and-*wayyarʾ* and-*wayyāroṣ* to-*liqrāʾṯām* from-*peṯaḥ* the-*ʾōhel* and-*wayyištaḥû* *ʾārṣâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiśśāʾ*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - lifted up", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*wayyarʾ*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - saw/looked", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*ʾănāšîm*": "plural of *ʾîš* - men", "*niṣṣābîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - standing", "*wayyāroṣ*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - ran", "*liqrāʾṯām*": "preposition with infinitive construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to meet them", "*wayyištaḥû*": "hishtafel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - bowed down", "*ʾārṣâ*": "noun with directional he - to the ground/earthward" }, "variants": { "*wayyiśśāʾ*": "lifted up/raised", "*niṣṣābîm*": "standing/stationed/positioned", "*wayyištaḥû*": "bowed down/prostrated himself/worshipped" } }
• Gen 18:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.18.12", "source": "וַתִּצְחַ֥ק שָׂרָ֖ה בְּקִרְבָּ֣הּ לֵאמֹ֑ר אַחֲרֵ֤י בְלֹתִי֙ הֽ͏ָיְתָה־לִּ֣י עֶדְנָ֔ה וֽ͏ַאדֹנִ֖י זָקֵֽן׃", "text": "And-*wattiṣḥaq* *Śārâ* in-*qirbāh* to-*lēʾmōr* after *bəlōṯî* *hāyəṯâ*-to-me *ʿeḏnâ* and-*ʾaḏōnî* *zāqēn*.", "grammar": { "*wattiṣḥaq*": "qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - laughed", "*qirbāh*": "noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her inner part", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*bəlōṯî*": "qal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - my being worn out", "*hāyəṯâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has been", "*ʿeḏnâ*": "noun, feminine singular - pleasure/delight", "*ʾaḏōnî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my lord/master", "*zāqēn*": "adjective, masculine singular - old" }, "variants": { "*qirbāh*": "her midst/inner self/heart", "*bəlōṯî*": "my wearing out/growing old/being worn", "*ʿeḏnâ*": "pleasure/sexual pleasure/youthfulness/delight" } }
• Gen 44:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Genesis.44.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוּדָ֗ה מַה־נֹּאמַר֙ לַֽאדֹנִ֔י מַה־נְּדַבֵּ֖ר וּמַה־נִּצְטַדָּ֑ק הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים מָצָא֙ אֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן עֲבָדֶ֔יךָ הִנֶּ֤נּוּ עֲבָדִים֙ לַֽאדֹנִ֔י גַּם־אֲנַ֕חְנוּ גַּ֛ם אֲשֶׁר־נִמְצָ֥א הַגָּבִ֖יעַ בְּיָדֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *yəhûdâ* what *mah*-shall we say *nnōʾmar* to my lord *laʾdōnî* what *mah*-shall we speak *nnədabbēr* and what *ûmah*-shall we justify ourselves *nniṣṭaddāq* the *hāʾĕlōhîm* has found *māṣāʾ* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōn* your *ʿăbādeykā* behold us *hinnennû* *ʿăbādîm* to my lord *laʾdōnî* also *gam*-we *ʾănaḥnû* also *gam* he in whose *ʾăšer*-*nimṣāʾ* the *haggābîaʿ* in *bəyādô*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*mah*": "interrogative - what", "*nnōʾmar*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - we will say", "*laʾdōnî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - to my lord", "*mah*": "interrogative - what", "*nnədabbēr*": "Piel imperfect, 1st person common plural - we will speak", "*ûmah*": "waw-conjunction + interrogative - and what", "*nniṣṭaddāq*": "Hitpael imperfect, 1st person common plural - we will justify ourselves", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - God", "*māṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has found", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʿăbādeykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servants", "*hinnennû*": "interjection with 1st person common plural suffix - behold us", "*ʿăbādîm*": "masculine plural noun - servants/slaves", "*laʾdōnî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - to my lord", "*gam*": "adverb - also", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "1st person common plural pronoun - we", "*gam*": "adverb - also", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*nimṣāʾ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was found", "*haggābîaʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the cup", "*bəyādô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his hand" }, "variants": { "*nnōʾmar*": "shall we say/can we say/what can we say", "*nnədabbēr*": "shall we speak/can we speak/what can we speak", "*nniṣṭaddāq*": "shall we justify ourselves/how can we prove our innocence/how can we clear ourselves", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "God/the God", "*māṣāʾ*": "has found/has discovered/has uncovered", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*hinnennû*": "behold us/here we are", "*ʿăbādîm*": "servants/slaves/bondmen", "*nimṣāʾ*": "was found/was discovered", "*bəyādô*": "in his hand/in his possession" } }
• Gen 44:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.44.20", "source": "וַנֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־אֲדֹנִ֔י יֶשׁ־לָ֙נוּ֙ אָ֣ב זָקֵ֔ן וְיֶ֥לֶד זְקֻנִ֖ים קָטָ֑ן וְאָחִ֨יו מֵ֜ת וַיִּוָּתֵ֨ר ה֧וּא לְבַדּ֛וֹ לְאִמּ֖וֹ וְאָבִ֥יו אֲהֵבֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wannōʾmer* to *ʾel*-my lord *ʾădōnî* we have *yeš*-*lānû* a father *ʾāb* *zāqēn* and a child *wəyeled* of *zəqunîm* *qāṭān* and his brother *wəʾāḥîw* is dead *mēt* and *wayyiwwātēr* he *hûʾ* alone *ləbaddô* to his mother *ləʾimmô* and his father *wəʾābîw* loves *ʾăhēbô* him", "grammar": { "*wannōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - and we said", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʾădōnî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*yeš*": "existential particle - there is", "*lānû*": "preposition with 1st person common plural suffix - to us", "*ʾāb*": "masculine singular noun - a father", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular adjective - old", "*wəyeled*": "waw-conjunction + masculine singular noun - and a child", "*zəqunîm*": "masculine plural noun - old age", "*qāṭān*": "masculine singular adjective - small/young", "*wəʾāḥîw*": "waw-conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his brother", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is dead", "*wayyiwwātēr*": "waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he was left", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ləbaddô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - by himself", "*ləʾimmô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his mother", "*wəʾābîw*": "waw-conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his father", "*ʾăhēbô*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - loves him" }, "variants": { "*zāqēn*": "old/aged/elderly", "*yeled zəqunîm*": "child of old age/son of his old age/child born in his old age", "*qāṭān*": "small/young/little", "*mēt*": "is dead/has died/is deceased", "*wayyiwwātēr*": "was left/remained", "*ləbaddô*": "alone/by himself/only", "*ʾăhēbô*": "loves him/loves/is fond of him" } }
• Gen 44:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Genesis.44.33", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה יֵֽשֶׁב־נָ֤א עַבְדְּךָ֙ תַּ֣חַת הַנַּ֔עַר עֶ֖בֶד לַֽאדֹנִ֑י וְהַנַּ֖עַר יַ֥עַל עִם־אֶחָֽיו׃", "text": "And now *wəʿattâ* let remain *yēšeb*-please *nāʾ* your servant *ʿabdəkā* instead of *taḥat* the *hannaʿar* as *ʿebed* to my lord *laʾdōnî* and let the *wəhannaʿar* go up *yaʿal* with *ʿim*-his brothers *ʾeḥāyw*", "grammar": { "*wəʿattâ*": "waw-conjunction + adverb - and now", "*yēšeb*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - let remain", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʿabdəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of", "*hannaʿar*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the young man", "*ʿebed*": "masculine singular noun - slave/servant", "*laʾdōnî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - to my lord", "*wəhannaʿar*": "waw-conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the young man", "*yaʿal*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - let go up", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brothers" }, "variants": { "*wəʿattâ*": "and now/so now/therefore now", "*yēšeb*": "let remain/may stay/abide", "*nāʾ*": "please/I pray", "*ʿabdəkā*": "your servant/your slave", "*taḥat*": "instead of/in place of", "*hannaʿar*": "the young man/the lad/the boy", "*ʿebed*": "slave/servant/bondman", "*laʾdōnî*": "to my lord/as my lord's", "*yaʿal*": "go up/return/go back", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his siblings" } }
• Gen 50:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.50.18", "source": "וַיֵּלְכוּ֙ גַּם־אֶחָ֔יו וֽ͏ַיִּפְּל֖וּ לְפָנָ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ הִנֶּ֥נּֽוּ לְךָ֖ לַעֲבָדִֽים׃", "text": "*Wa-yēlḵû* also-his-brothers *wa-yippəlû* before-him *wa-yōʾmrû* *hinnennû* to-you for-*ʿăḇāḏîm*", "grammar": { "*Wa-yēlḵû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went", "*wa-yippəlû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they fell down", "*wa-yōʾmrû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*hinnennû*": "demonstrative particle with 1st common plural suffix - behold us", "*ʿăḇāḏîm*": "masculine plural noun - servants/slaves" }, "variants": { "*hinnennû*": "behold us/here we are", "*ʿăḇāḏîm*": "servants/slaves" } }
• Num 12:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Numbers.12.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אַהֲרֹ֖ן אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה בִּ֣י אֲדֹנִ֔י אַל־נָ֨א תָשֵׁ֤ת עָלֵ֙ינוּ֙ חַטָּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֥ר נוֹאַ֖לְנוּ וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָֽאנוּ׃", "text": "*Wayyōʾmer* *ʾAhărōn* *ʾel-Mōšeh* *bî* *ʾădōnî* *ʾal-nāʾ* *tāšēt* *ʿālênū* *ḥaṭṭāʾt* *ʾăšer* *nōʾalnū* *waʾăšer* *ḥāṭāʾnū*", "grammar": { "*Wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*ʾAhărōn*": "proper noun - 'Aaron'", "*ʾel-Mōšeh*": "preposition + proper noun - 'to Moses'", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - 'please/I pray'", "*ʾădōnî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my lord'", "*ʾal-nāʾ*": "negative particle + particle of entreaty - 'please do not'", "*tāšēt*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 2nd person masculine singular - 'put/lay'", "*ʿālênū*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - 'upon us'", "*ḥaṭṭāʾt*": "feminine singular noun - 'sin'", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - 'which'", "*nōʾalnū*": "Niphal perfect, 1st person plural - 'we have acted foolishly'", "*waʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative pronoun - 'and which'", "*ḥāṭāʾnū*": "Qal perfect, 1st person plural - 'we have sinned'" }, "variants": { "*bî*": "please/I pray/Oh", "*tāšēt*": "put/lay/impose", "*ḥaṭṭāʾt*": "sin/punishment for sin", "*nōʾalnū*": "acted foolishly/done foolishly/been foolish" } }
• 1 Sam 20:41 : 41 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.20.41", "source": "הַנַּעַר֮ בָּא֒ וְדָוִ֗ד קָ֚ם מֵאֵ֣צֶל הַנֶּ֔גֶב וַיִּפֹּ֨ל לְאַפָּ֥יו אַ֛רְצָה וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ פְּעָמִ֑ים וַֽיִּשְּׁק֣וּ ׀ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֗הוּ וַיִּבְכּוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֔הוּ עַד־דָּוִ֖ד הִגְדִּֽיל׃", "text": "The *naʿar* *bāʾ*, and *Dāwid* *qām* from beside the *negeb*, and *wayyippōl* to his *ʾappāyw* *ʾarṣāh* and *wayyištaḥû* *šālōš* *pəʿāmîm*; and *wayyiššəqû* *ʾîš* *ʾet*-his *rēʿēhû*, and *wayyibkû* *ʾîš* *ʾet*-his *rēʿēhû*, until-*Dāwid* *higdîl*.", "grammar": { "*naʿar*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the boy/servant", "*bāʾ*": "qal perfect 3ms - came/went", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*qām*": "qal perfect 3ms - arose/got up", "*negeb*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the south/Negev", "*wayyippōl*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he fell", "*ʾappāyw*": "noun, masculine dual + 3ms suffix - his face/nostrils", "*ʾarṣāh*": "noun, feminine singular + directional he - to the ground", "*wayyištaḥû*": "waw consecutive + hishtaphel imperfect 3ms - and he bowed down", "*šālōš*": "numeral, feminine - three", "*pəʿāmîm*": "noun, feminine plural - times", "*wayyiššəqû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they kissed", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine singular + 3ms suffix - his friend/neighbor", "*wayyibkû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they wept", "*higdîl*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - he made great/exceeded" }, "variants": { "*negeb*": "south/Negev/southern region (here a location marker)", "*wayyippōl ləʾappāyw ʾarṣāh*": "fell on his face to the ground (idiom for prostration)", "*wayyištaḥû*": "bowed down/prostrated himself/worshipped", "*ʾîš ʾet-rēʿēhû*": "each his friend/one another/each other", "*higdîl*": "exceeded/did more/wept more" } }
• 2 Sam 19:18 : 18 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.19.18", "source": "וְאֶ֨לֶף אִ֣ישׁ עִמּוֹ֮ מִבִּנְיָמִן֒ וְצִיבָ֗א נַ֚עַר בֵּ֣ית שָׁא֔וּל וַחֲמֵ֨שֶׁת עָשָׂ֥ר בָּנָ֛יו וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֲבָדָ֖יו אִתּ֑וֹ וְצָלְח֥וּ הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ", "text": "*wəʾelep* *ʾîš* *ʿimmô* *mibbinyāmin* *wəṣîbāʾ* *naʿar* *bêt* *šāʾûl* *waḥămēšet* *ʿāśār* *bānāyw* *wəʿeśrîm* *ʿăbādāyw* *ʾittô* *wəṣāləḥû* *hayyardēn* *lipnê* *hammelek*", "grammar": { "*wəʾelep*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and a thousand", "*ʾîš*": "noun - men", "*ʿimmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*mibbinyāmin*": "preposition + proper noun - from Benjamin", "*wəṣîbāʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Ziba", "*naʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - servant of", "*bêt*": "noun, construct - house of", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*waḥămēšet*": "conjunction + cardinal number, construct - and fifteen", "*ʿāśār*": "cardinal number - ten", "*bānāyw*": "noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*wəʿeśrîm*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and twenty", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*ʾittô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*wəṣāləḥû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they rushed across", "*hayyardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*lipnê*": "preposition + noun construct - before", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun - the king" }, "variants": { "*naʿar*": "servant/young man/attendant", "*wəṣāləḥû*": "they rushed across/they crossed/they forded" } }
• 1 Kgs 11:29 : 29 { "verseID": "1 Kings.11.29", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔יא וְיָֽרָבְעָ֖ם יָצָ֣א מִירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וַיִּמְצָ֣א אֹת֡וֹ אֲחִיָּה֩ הַשִּׁילֹנִ֨י הַנָּבִ֜יא בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ וְה֤וּא מִתְכַּסֶּה֙ בְּשַׂלְמָ֣ה חֲדָשָׁ֔ה וּשְׁנֵיהֶ֥ם לְבַדָּ֖ם בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃", "text": "And *wayhi* at the *et* *hahi*, and *Yarov'am* *yatza* from *Yerushalayim*; and *wayyimtza* him *Achiyyah* the *Shiloni* the *navi* on the *derekh*, and he *mitkasseh* with *salmah* *chadashah*, and the two of them *levadam* in the *sadeh*.", "grammar": { "*wayhi*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of היה - and it happened", "*et*": "noun, feminine singular - time", "*hahi*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun feminine singular - that", "*Yarov'am*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jeroboam", "*yatza*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he went out", "*Yerushalayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*wayyimtza*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he found", "*Achiyyah*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahijah", "*Shiloni*": "adjective, masculine singular - Shilonite", "*navi*": "noun, masculine singular - prophet", "*derekh*": "noun, common singular - way/road", "*mitkasseh*": "Hithpael participle masculine singular - covering himself", "*salmah*": "noun, feminine singular - garment/cloak", "*chadashah*": "adjective, feminine singular - new", "*levadam*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - by themselves", "*sadeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field" }, "variants": { "*wayhi*": "and it happened/came to pass", "*et*": "time/season", "*yatza*": "went out/left/departed", "*wayyimtza*": "and he found/met/encountered", "*derekh*": "way/road/journey", "*mitkasseh*": "covering himself/clothed/wrapped", "*salmah*": "garment/cloak/outer covering", "*levadam*": "by themselves/alone", "*sadeh*": "field/countryside/open country" } }