28{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.14.28",
"source": "וַיַּעַן֩ אִ֨ישׁ מֵֽהָעָ֜ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הַשְׁבֵּעַ֩ הִשְׁבִּ֨יעַ אָבִ֤יךָ אֶת־הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָר֥וּר הָאִ֛ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יֹ֥אכַל לֶ֖חֶם הַיּ֑וֹם וַיָּ֖עַף הָעָֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿan* an *ʾîš* from the *hāʿām* and *wayyōʾmer*, *hašbēaʿ* *hišbîaʿ* your *ʾābîkā* *ʾet-hāʿām* saying, *ʾārûr* the *hāʾîš* who *yōʾkal* *leḥem* this day; and *wayyāʿap* the *hāʿām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he answered",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - a man",
"*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and preposition - from the people",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he said",
"*hašbēaʿ*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - strictly",
"*hišbîaʿ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he adjured/caused to swear",
"*ʾābîkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*ʾet-hāʿām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with definite article - the people",
"*ʾārûr*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - cursed be",
"*hāʾîš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man",
"*yōʾkal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - eats",
"*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - food/bread",
"*wayyāʿap*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he was faint",
"*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people"
},
"variants": {
"*hašbēaʿ hišbîaʿ*": "strictly adjured/solemnly charged/strongly made swear",
"*ʾārûr*": "cursed/under a curse",
"*wayyāʿap*": "was faint/was weary/became exhausted"
}
}
29{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.14.29",
"source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יֽוֹנָתָ֔ן עָכַ֥ר אָבִ֖י אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ רְאוּ־נָא֙ כִּֽי־אֹ֣רוּ עֵינַ֔י כִּ֣י טָעַ֔מְתִּי מְעַ֖ט דְּבַ֥שׁ הַזֶּֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *yônātān*, *ʿākar* my *ʾābî* *ʾet-hāʾāreṣ*; *rĕʾû-nāʾ* that *ʾōrû* my *ʿênay*, because *ṭāʿamtî* a little of this *dĕbaš*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he said",
"*yônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan",
"*ʿākar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has troubled",
"*ʾābî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my father",
"*ʾet-hāʾāreṣ*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with definite article - the land",
"*rĕʾû-nāʾ*": "qal imperative, masculine plural + particle of entreaty - see, please",
"*ʾōrû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are brightened",
"*ʿênay*": "feminine dual noun with 1st person singular suffix - my eyes",
"*ṭāʿamtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I tasted",
"*dĕbaš*": "masculine singular noun - honey"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿākar*": "troubled/brought disaster upon/disturbed/harmed",
"*ʾōrû ʿênay*": "my eyes are brightened/my eyes are enlightened/my strength is renewed"
}
}
30{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.14.30",
"source": "אַ֗ף כִּ֡י לוּא֩ אָכֹ֨ל אָכַ֤ל הַיּוֹם֙ הָעָ֔ם מִשְּׁלַ֥ל אֹיְבָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָצָ֑א כִּ֥י עַתָּ֛ה לֹֽא־רָבְתָ֥ה מַכָּ֖ה בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃",
"text": "*ʾap̄* that *lû* *ʾāḵōl ʾāḵal* the *yôm* the *ʿām* from-*šəlal* *ʾōyəḇāyw* which *māṣāʾ* that now not-*rāḇtâ* *makkâ* in-the-*pəlištîm*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾap̄*": "conjunction, emphatic - indeed, moreover",
"*lû*": "conditional particle - if only",
"*ʾāḵōl ʾāḵal*": "infinitive absolute + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - surely eaten/eaten freely",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular, construct - day",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - people",
"*šəlal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - spoil/plunder",
"*ʾōyəḇāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his enemies",
"*māṣāʾ*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular - found/discovered",
"*rāḇtâ*": "verb, perfect, 3rd feminine singular - increased/multiplied",
"*makkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - defeat/slaughter",
"*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural with definite article - Philistines"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾap̄*": "indeed, much more, how much more",
"*lû*": "if only, would that",
"*ʾāḵōl ʾāḵal*": "would surely have eaten, eaten freely",
"*šəlal*": "spoil, plunder, booty"
}
}
31{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.14.31",
"source": "וַיַּכּ֞וּ בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים מִמִּכְמָ֖שׂ אַיָּלֹ֑נָה וַיָּ֥עַף הָעָ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃",
"text": "*wayyakkû* in-the-*yôm* the-*hû* in-the-*pəlištîm* from-*miḵmās* *ʾayyālōnâ* *wayyāʿap̄* the-*ʿām* *məʾōd*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyakkû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they struck/defeated",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - day",
"*hû*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that",
"*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural with definite article - Philistines",
"*miḵmās*": "proper noun - Michmash",
"*ʾayyālōnâ*": "proper noun with directional he - to Aijalon",
"*wayyāʿap̄*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and was faint/weary",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - people",
"*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyakkû*": "and they struck, and they defeated, and they smote",
"*wayyāʿap̄*": "and became faint, and was weary, and was exhausted"
}
}
32{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.14.32",
"source": "*ויעש **וַיַּ֤עַט הָעָם֙ אֶל־*שלל **הַשָּׁלָ֔ל וַיִּקְח֨וּ צֹ֧אן וּבָקָ֛ר וּבְנֵ֥י בָקָ֖ר וַיִּשְׁחֲטוּ־אָ֑רְצָה וַיֹּ֥אכַל הָעָ֖ם עַל־הַדָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wayyaʿaṭ* the-*ʿām* unto-the-*šālāl* *wayyiqəḥû* *ṣōʾn* and-*bāqār* and-*bənê bāqār* *wayyišḥăṭû*-*ʾārṣâ* *wayyōʾḵal* the-*ʿām* upon-the-*dām*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿaṭ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and rushed/pounced",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - people",
"*šālāl*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - spoil/plunder",
"*wayyiqəḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they took",
"*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common singular - sheep/flock",
"*bāqār*": "noun, masculine singular - cattle/herd",
"*bənê bāqār*": "construct phrase - young cattle/calves",
"*wayyišḥăṭû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they slaughtered",
"*ʾārṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he - to the ground",
"*wayyōʾḵal*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and ate",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - blood"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿaṭ*": "and rushed upon, and pounced on, and raided",
"*šālāl*": "spoil, plunder, booty",
"*bənê bāqār*": "calves, young cattle"
}
}
33{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.14.33",
"source": "וַיַּגִּ֤ידוּ לְשָׁאוּל֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֥ה הָעָ֛ם חֹטִ֥אים לַֽיהוָ֖ה לֶאֱכֹ֣ל עַל־הַדָּ֑ם וַיֹּ֣אמֶר בְּגַדְתֶּ֔ם גֹּֽלּוּ־אֵלַ֥י הַיּ֖וֹם אֶ֥בֶן גְּדוֹלָֽה׃",
"text": "*wayyaggîdû* to-*šāʾûl* *lēʾmōr* *hinnê* the-*ʿām* *ḥōṭīm* to-*YHWH* to-*ʾeḵōl* upon-the-*dām* *wayyōʾmer* *bəḡadtem* *gōllû*-unto-me the-*yôm* *ʾeḇen* *gədôlâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaggîdû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they told/reported",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*lēʾmōr*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - saying",
"*hinnê*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - people",
"*ḥōṭīm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural - sinning",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*ʾeḵōl*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - to eat",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - blood",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*bəḡadtem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you have acted treacherously",
"*gōllû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - roll",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - day",
"*ʾeḇen*": "noun, feminine singular - stone",
"*gədôlâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - large/great"
},
"variants": {
"*bəḡadtem*": "you have dealt treacherously, you have transgressed, you have betrayed",
"*gōllû*": "roll, roll away, bring"
}
}
34{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.14.34",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֣וּל פֻּ֣צוּ בָעָ֡ם וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֣ם לָהֶ֡ם הַגִּ֣ישׁוּ אֵלַי֩ אִ֨ישׁ שׁוֹר֜וֹ וְאִ֣ישׁ שְׂיֵ֗הוּ וּשְׁחַטְתֶּ֤ם בָּזֶה֙ וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֔ם וְלֹֽא־תֶחֶטְא֥וּ לַֽיהוָ֖ה לֶאֱכֹ֣ל אֶל־הַדָּ֑ם וַיַּגִּ֨שׁוּ כָל־הָעָ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ שׁוֹר֧וֹ בְיָד֛וֹ הַלַּ֖יְלָה וַיִּשְׁחֲטוּ־שָֽׁם׃",
"text": "*wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* *puṣû* in-the-*ʿām* and-*ʾămartem* to-them *haggîšû* unto-me *ʾîš* *šôrô* and-*ʾîš* *śēyēhû* and-*šəḥaṭtem* in-this and-*ʾăḵaltem* and-not-*teḥeṭʾû* to-*YHWH* to-*ʾeḵōl* unto-the-*dām* *wayyaggîšû* all-the-*ʿām* *ʾîš* *šôrô* in-*yādô* the-*laylâ* *wayyišḥăṭû*-there",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*puṣû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - disperse/scatter",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - people",
"*ʾămartem*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd masculine plural - and say",
"*haggîšû*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine plural - bring near",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each",
"*šôrô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his ox",
"*śēyēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sheep/lamb",
"*šəḥaṭtem*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd masculine plural - and slaughter",
"*ʾăḵaltem*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd masculine plural - and eat",
"*teḥeṭʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - sin",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*ʾeḵōl*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - to eat",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - blood",
"*wayyaggîšû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they brought",
"*šôrô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his ox",
"*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand",
"*laylâ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - night",
"*wayyišḥăṭû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they slaughtered"
},
"variants": {
"*puṣû*": "disperse, scatter, spread out",
"*haggîšû*": "bring near, present, offer",
"*śēyēhû*": "his sheep, his lamb, his small livestock"
}
}