2{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.2",
"source": "וְלוֹ֙ שְׁתֵּ֣י נָשִׁ֔ים שֵׁ֤ם אַחַת֙ חַנָּ֔ה וְשֵׁ֥ם הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית פְּנִנָּ֑ה וַיְהִ֤י לִפְנִנָּה֙ יְלָדִ֔ים וּלְחַנָּ֖ה אֵ֥ין יְלָדִֽים׃",
"text": "And to-him *šətê* *nāšîm* *šēm* of-one *ḥannāh* and-*šēm* of-the-*šēnît* *pəninnāh* and-*wayəhî* to-*pəninnāh* *yəlādîm* and-to-*ḥannāh* *ʾên* *yəlādîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəlô*": "conjunction waw + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and to him",
"*šətê*": "cardinal number feminine construct - two of",
"*nāšîm*": "feminine plural noun - women/wives",
"*šēm*": "masculine singular construct noun - name of",
"*ʾaḥat*": "cardinal number feminine singular - one (f.)",
"*ḥannāh*": "proper noun - Hannah",
"*wəšēm*": "conjunction waw + masculine singular construct noun - and name of",
"*haššēnît*": "definite article + ordinal number feminine singular - the second (f.)",
"*pəninnāh*": "proper noun - Peninnah",
"*wayəhî*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was",
"*lipəninnāh*": "preposition lamed + proper noun - to Peninnah",
"*yəlādîm*": "masculine plural noun - children",
"*ûləḥannāh*": "conjunction waw + preposition lamed + proper noun - and to Hannah",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not/no"
},
"variants": {
"*nāšîm*": "wives/women",
"*ʾaḥat*": "one/first (feminine)",
"*šēnît*": "second/other (feminine)",
"*yəlādîm*": "children/sons/offspring"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.3",
"source": "וְעָלָה֩ הָאִ֨ישׁ הַה֤וּא מֵֽעִירוֹ֙ מִיָּמִ֣ים ׀ יָמִ֔ימָה לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֧ת וְלִזְבֹּ֛חַ לַיהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת בְּשִׁלֹ֑ה וְשָׁ֞ם שְׁנֵ֣י בְנֵֽי־עֵלִ֗י חָפְנִי֙ וּפִ֣נְחָ֔ס כֹּהֲנִ֖ים לַיהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*wəʿālāh* the-*ʾîš* that from-*ʿîrô* from-*yāmîm* to-*yāmîmāh* to-*ləhištaḥăwōt* and-to-*lizəbōaḥ* to-*YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôt* in-*šilōh* and-there *šənê* *bənê*-*ʿēlî* *ḥopnî* and-*pînəḥās* *kōhănîm* to-*YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəʿālāh*": "conjunction waw + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went up",
"*hāʾîš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man",
"*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - that",
"*mēʿîrô*": "preposition min + noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his city",
"*miyyāmîm yāmîmāh*": "preposition min + masculine plural noun + feminine singular noun with directional he - from days to days (yearly)",
"*ləhištaḥăwōt*": "preposition lamed + hitpael infinitive construct - to worship/bow down",
"*wəlizəbōaḥ*": "conjunction waw + preposition lamed + qal infinitive construct - and to sacrifice",
"*laYHWH*": "preposition lamed + divine name - to YHWH",
"*ṣəḇāʾôt*": "masculine plural noun - hosts/armies",
"*bəšilōh*": "preposition bet + proper noun - in Shiloh",
"*wəšām*": "conjunction waw + adverb - and there",
"*šənê*": "cardinal number masculine construct - two of",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct noun - sons of",
"*ʿēlî*": "proper noun - Eli",
"*kōhănîm*": "masculine plural noun - priests"
},
"variants": {
"*wəʿālāh*": "and he went up/and he would go up (habitual)",
"*miyyāmîm yāmîmāh*": "from days to days/year by year/yearly/annually",
"*ləhištaḥăwōt*": "to bow down/to worship",
"*YHWH ṣəḇāʾôt*": "YHWH of hosts/LORD of armies/LORD of heavenly forces"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.4",
"source": "וַיְהִ֣י הַיּ֔וֹם וַיִּזְבַּ֖ח אֶלְקָנָ֑ה וְנָתַ֞ן לִפְנִנָּ֣ה אִשְׁתּ֗וֹ וּֽלְכָל־בָּנֶ֛יהָ וּבְנוֹתֶ֖יהָ מָנֽוֹת׃",
"text": "And-*wayəhî* the-*hayyôm* and-*wayyizbaḥ* *ʾelqānāh* and-*wənātan* to-*pəninnāh* *ʾištô* and-to-all-*bānêhā* and-*bənôtêhā* *mānôt*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayəhî*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day",
"*wayyizbaḥ*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sacrificed",
"*wənātan*": "conjunction waw + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he gave",
"*ʾištô*": "feminine singular noun construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wife",
"*ûləkāl*": "conjunction waw + preposition lamed + noun masculine singular construct - and to all of",
"*bānêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sons",
"*ûḇənôtêhā*": "conjunction waw + feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters",
"*mānôt*": "feminine plural noun - portions"
},
"variants": {
"*wayəhî hayyôm*": "and it was the day/and there was a day/and it happened one day",
"*mānôt*": "portions/shares/servings (of sacrificial meal)"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.5",
"source": "וּלְחַנָּ֕ה יִתֵּ֛ן מָנָ֥ה אַחַ֖ת אַפָּ֑יִם כִּ֤י אֶת־חַנָּה֙ אָהֵ֔ב וַֽיהוָ֖ה סָגַ֥ר רַחְמָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And-to-*ḥannāh* *yittēn* *mānāh* one *ʾappāyim* because *ʾet*-*ḥannāh* *ʾāhēḇ* and-*YHWH* *sāgar* *raḥmāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*ûləḥannāh*": "conjunction waw + preposition lamed + proper noun - and to Hannah",
"*yittēn*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he would give",
"*mānāh*": "feminine singular noun - portion",
"*ʾaḥat*": "cardinal number feminine singular - one",
"*ʾappāyim*": "masculine dual noun - two faces/double",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾāhēḇ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he loved",
"*waYHWH*": "conjunction waw + divine name - and YHWH",
"*sāgar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he closed/shut up",
"*raḥmāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her womb"
},
"variants": {
"*mānāh ʾaḥat ʾappāyim*": "one double portion/a choice portion/a portion of two faces (special portion)",
"*sāgar raḥmāh*": "closed her womb/made her barren/prevented her from conceiving"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.6",
"source": "וְכִֽעֲסַ֤תָּה צָֽרָתָהּ֙ גַּם־כַּ֔עַס בַּעֲב֖וּר הַרְּעִמָ֑הּ כִּֽי־סָגַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה בְּעַ֥ד רַחְמָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And-*wəkiʿăsattāh* *ṣārātāh* also-*kaʿas* for-*baʿăḇûr* *harəʿimāh* because-*sāgar* *YHWH* for-*bəʿad* *raḥmāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəkiʿăsattāh*": "conjunction waw + piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - and she provoked/irritated",
"*ṣārātāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her rival/adversary",
"*gam*": "adverb - also/even",
"*kaʿas*": "masculine singular noun - provocation/irritation",
"*baʿăḇûr*": "preposition bet + preposition - for the sake of/because of",
"*harəʿimāh*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to irritate her/to make her thunder (in anger)",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*sāgar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he closed/shut up",
"*bəʿad*": "preposition - behind/through/on behalf of",
"*raḥmāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her womb"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣārātāh*": "her rival/her adversary (referring to Peninnah)/her distress",
"*harəʿimāh*": "to provoke her/to make her fret/to irritate her/to thunder against her",
"*bəʿad*": "against/on behalf of/through/behind"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.7",
"source": "וְכֵ֨ן יַעֲשֶׂ֜ה שָׁנָ֣ה בְשָׁנָ֗ה מִדֵּ֤י עֲלֹתָהּ֙ בְּבֵ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה כֵּ֖ן תַּכְעִסֶ֑נָּה וַתִּבְכֶּ֖ה וְלֹ֥א תֹאכַֽל׃",
"text": "And-thus *yaʿăśeh* *šānāh* in-*šānāh* from-*middê* *ʿălōtāh* in-*bêt* *YHWH* thus *takʿisenāh* and-*wattiḇkeh* and-not *tōʾkal*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəkēn*": "conjunction waw + adverb - and so/thus",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he would do",
"*šānāh ḇəšānāh*": "feminine singular noun + preposition bet + feminine singular noun - year by year",
"*middê*": "preposition min + construct masculine singular - from the sufficiency of/whenever",
"*ʿălōtāh*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her going up",
"*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of",
"*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so",
"*takʿisenāh*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - she would provoke her",
"*wattiḇkeh*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she wept",
"*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction waw + negative particle - and not",
"*tōʾkal*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she would eat"
},
"variants": {
"*middê ʿălōtāh*": "whenever she went up/as often as she went up",
"*takʿisenāh*": "she would provoke her/she would irritate her/she would vex her"
}
}
8{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.8",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לָ֜הּ אֶלְקָנָ֣ה אִישָׁ֗הּ חַנָּה֙ לָ֣מֶה תִבְכִּ֗י וְלָ֙מֶה֙ לֹ֣א תֹֽאכְלִ֔י וְלָ֖מֶה יֵרַ֣ע לְבָבֵ֑ךְ הֲל֤וֹא אָֽנֹכִי֙ ט֣וֹב לָ֔ךְ מֵעֲשָׂרָ֖ה בָּנִֽים׃",
"text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* to-her *ʾelqānāh* *ʾîšāh* *ḥannāh* why *tiḇkî* and-why not *tōʾkəlî* and-why *yēraʿ* *ləḇāḇēk* not-*ʾānōkî* *ṭôḇ* to-you from-*ʿăśārāh* *bānîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*lāh*": "preposition lamed with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her",
"*ʾîšāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her husband",
"*lāmeh*": "interrogative + preposition lamed + interrogative pronoun - why/for what reason",
"*tiḇkî*": "qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you weep",
"*wəlāmeh*": "conjunction waw + interrogative + preposition lamed + interrogative pronoun - and why",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tōʾkəlî*": "qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you eat",
"*yēraʿ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it is bad/grieved",
"*ləḇāḇēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your heart",
"*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - is not",
"*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I",
"*ṭôḇ*": "masculine singular adjective - good",
"*lāk*": "preposition lamed with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you",
"*mēʿăśārāh*": "preposition min + cardinal number - than ten",
"*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons"
},
"variants": {
"*yēraʿ ləḇāḇēk*": "your heart is grieved/your heart is sad/your heart is troubled",
"*ʾānōkî ṭôḇ lāk mēʿăśārāh bānîm*": "am I not better to you than ten sons/am I not more to you than ten sons"
}
}
9{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.9",
"source": "וַתָּ֣קָם חַנָּ֔ה אַחֲרֵ֛י אָכְלָ֥ה בְשִׁלֹ֖ה וְאַחֲרֵ֣י שָׁתֹ֑ה וְעֵלִ֣י הַכֹּהֵ֗ן יֹשֵׁב֙ עַל־הַכִּסֵּ֔א עַל־מְזוּזַ֖ת הֵיכַ֥ל יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*wattāqām* *ḥannāh* after *ʾākəlāh* in-*šilōh* and-after *šātōh* and-*ʿēlî* the-*kōhēn* *yōšēḇ* upon-the-*kissēʾ* upon-*məzûzat* *hêkal* *YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*wattāqām*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she arose",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*ʾākəlāh*": "qal infinitive construct - eating/to eat",
"*ḇəšilōh*": "preposition bet + proper noun - in Shiloh",
"*wəʾaḥărê*": "conjunction waw + preposition - and after",
"*šātōh*": "qal infinitive construct - drinking/to drink",
"*wəʿēlî*": "conjunction waw + proper noun - and Eli",
"*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the priest",
"*yōšēḇ*": "qal participle masculine singular - sitting",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on",
"*hakkissēʾ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the seat/throne",
"*məzûzat*": "feminine singular construct - doorpost of",
"*hêkal*": "masculine singular construct - temple/palace of"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾākəlāh*": "eating/to eat/she ate",
"*šātōh*": "drinking/to drink/she drank",
"*kissēʾ*": "seat/chair/throne",
"*məzûzat hêkal*": "doorpost of the temple/entrance of the sanctuary"
}
}
10{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.10",
"source": "וְהִ֖יא מָ֣רַת נָ֑פֶשׁ וַתִּתְפַּלֵּ֥ל עַל־יְהוָ֖ה וּבָכֹ֥ה תִבְכֶּֽה׃",
"text": "And-she *mārat* *nāpeš* and-*wattitpallēl* unto-*YHWH* and-*ḇākōh* *tiḇkeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəhîʾ*": "conjunction waw + 3rd feminine singular independent pronoun - and she",
"*mārat*": "adjective feminine singular construct - bitter of",
"*nāpeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul",
"*wattitpallēl*": "conjunction waw + hitpael imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she prayed",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/to/unto",
"*ûḇākōh*": "conjunction waw + qal infinitive absolute - and weeping",
"*tiḇkeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she wept"
},
"variants": {
"*mārat nāpeš*": "bitter of soul/bitter in spirit/in bitterness of soul",
"*ʿal-YHWH*": "to YHWH/upon YHWH/unto YHWH",
"*ḇākōh tiḇkeh*": "she wept greatly/she wept and wept/she wept bitterly (Hebrew infinitive absolute for emphasis)"
}
}
11{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.11",
"source": "וַתִּדֹּ֨ר נֶ֜דֶר וַתֹּאמַ֗ר יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אִם־רָאֹ֥ה תִרְאֶ֣ה ׀ בָּעֳנִ֣י אֲמָתֶ֗ךָ וּזְכַרְתַּ֙נִי֙ וְלֹֽא־תִשְׁכַּ֣ח אֶת־אֲמָתֶ֔ךָ וְנָתַתָּ֥ה לַאֲמָתְךָ֖ זֶ֣רַע אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וּנְתַתִּ֤יו לַֽיהוָה֙ כָּל־יְמֵ֣י חַיָּ֔יו וּמוֹרָ֖ה לֹא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה עַל־רֹאשֽׁוֹ׃",
"text": "And-*wattiddōr* *neder* and-*wattōʾmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôt* if-*rāʾōh* *tirʾeh* in-*bāʿŏnî* *ʾămātek* and-*zəkartanî* and-not-*tiškaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʾămātek* and-*nātattāh* to-*ʾămātək* *zeraʿ* *ʾănāšîm* and-*nətattîw* to-*YHWH* all-*yəmê* *ḥayyāw* and-*môrāh* not-*yaʿăleh* upon-*rōʾšô*.",
"grammar": {
"*wattiddōr*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she vowed",
"*neder*": "masculine singular noun - vow",
"*wattōʾmar*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she said",
"*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if",
"*rāʾōh*": "qal infinitive absolute - seeing",
"*tirʾeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you see",
"*bāʿŏnî*": "preposition bet + masculine singular construct noun - in the affliction of",
"*ʾămātek*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your maidservant",
"*ûzəkartanî*": "conjunction waw + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - and you remember me",
"*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction waw + negative particle - and not",
"*tiškaḥ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you forget",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*wənātattāh*": "conjunction waw + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you give",
"*laʾămātək*": "preposition lamed + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - to your maidservant",
"*zeraʿ*": "masculine singular construct - seed of",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men",
"*ûnətattîw*": "conjunction waw + qal perfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and I will give him",
"*laYHWH*": "preposition lamed + divine name - to YHWH",
"*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of",
"*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct - days of",
"*ḥayyāw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his life",
"*ûmôrāh*": "conjunction waw + masculine singular noun - and razor",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it will go up",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon",
"*rōʾšô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʾōh tirʾeh*": "surely see/indeed look upon (Hebrew infinitive absolute for emphasis)",
"*ʿŏnî*": "affliction/misery/poverty",
"*zeraʿ ʾănāšîm*": "seed of men/male child/male offspring",
"*môrāh lōʾ-yaʿăleh ʿal-rōʾšô*": "no razor shall come upon his head (Nazirite vow reference)"
}
}
12{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.12",
"source": "וְהָיָה֙ כִּ֣י הִרְבְּתָ֔ה לְהִתְפַּלֵּ֖ל לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְעֵלִ֖י שֹׁמֵ֥ר אֶת־פִּֽיהָ׃",
"text": "And-*wəhāyāh* as *hirbətāh* to-*ləhitpallēl* before-*YHWH* and-*ʿēlî* *šōmēr* *ʾet*-*pîhā*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction waw + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that/when/because",
"*hirbətāh*": "hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - she continued/multiplied",
"*ləhitpallēl*": "preposition lamed + hitpael infinitive construct - to pray",
"*lipnê*": "preposition lamed + construct masculine plural - before/in the presence of",
"*wəʿēlî*": "conjunction waw + proper noun - and Eli",
"*šōmēr*": "qal participle masculine singular - watching/observing",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*pîhā*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her mouth"
},
"variants": {
"*hirbətāh ləhitpallēl*": "she continued to pray/she prayed at length/she multiplied prayer",
"*šōmēr ʾet-pîhā*": "was watching her mouth/was observing her lips/kept his eye on her mouth"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.1.13",
"source": "וְחַנָּ֗ה הִ֚יא מְדַבֶּ֣רֶת עַל־לִבָּ֔הּ רַ֚ק שְׂפָתֶ֣יהָ נָּע֔וֹת וְקוֹלָ֖הּ לֹ֣א יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַ וַיַּחְשְׁבֶ֥הָ עֵלִ֖י לְשִׁכֹּרָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*ḥannāh* she *mədabberet* upon-*libbāh* only *śəpātêhā* *nāʿôt* and-*qôlāh* not *yiššāmēaʿ* and-*wayyaḥšəḇehā* *ʿēlî* for-*šikkōrāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəḥannāh*": "conjunction waw + proper noun - and Hannah",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular independent pronoun - she",
"*mədabberet*": "piel participle feminine singular - speaking",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/in",
"*libbāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her heart",
"*raq*": "adverb - only",
"*śəpātêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her lips",
"*nāʿôt*": "qal participle feminine plural - moving",
"*wəqôlāh*": "conjunction waw + masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her voice",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yiššāmēaʿ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - was heard",
"*wayyaḥšəḇehā*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he considered her",
"*ləšikkōrāh*": "preposition lamed + adjective feminine singular - as drunk"
},
"variants": {
"*mədabberet ʿal-libbāh*": "speaking in her heart/praying silently/speaking to herself",
"*wayyaḥšəḇehā ləšikkōrāh*": "considered her to be drunk/thought she was drunk/mistook her for a drunk woman"
}
}