12{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.12",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד הֲיַסְגִּ֜רוּ בַּעֲלֵ֧י קְעִילָ֛ה אֹתִ֥י וְאֶת־אֲנָשַׁ֖י בְּיַד־שָׁא֑וּל וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה יַסְגִּֽירוּ",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *Dāwid*: Will *hayasgîrû* *baʿălê* *Qᵊʿîlāh* me and *ʾet*-my men into hand-of *Šāʾûl*? And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH*: They will surrender",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*hayasgîrû*": "interrogative particle + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - will they surrender?",
"*baʿălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lords/citizens of",
"*Qᵊʿîlāh*": "proper noun, place name",
"*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker + 1st common singular suffix - me",
"*ʾănāšay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st common singular suffix - my men",
"*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*yasgîrû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will surrender"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/and he spoke/and he asked",
"*hayasgîrû*": "will they surrender?/will they hand over?/will they deliver?",
"*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of",
"*yasgîrû*": "they will surrender/they will hand over/they will deliver"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.13",
"source": "וַיָּקָם֩ דָּוִ֨ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֜יו כְּשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֣וֹת אִ֗ישׁ וַיֵּצְאוּ֙ מִקְּעִלָ֔ה וַיִּֽתְהַלְּכ֖וּ בַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יִתְהַלָּ֑כוּ וּלְשָׁא֣וּל הֻגַּ֗ד כִּֽי־נִמְלַ֤ט דָּוִד֙ מִקְּעִילָ֔ה וַיֶּחְדַּ֖ל לָצֵֽאת",
"text": "And *wayyāqām* *Dāwid* and *waʾănāšāyw* *kᵊšēš*-hundred *ʾîš*, and *wayyēṣᵊʾû* from *Qᵊʿîlāh* and *wayyithallᵊkû* in wherever *yithallākû*; and to *Šāʾûl* *huggad* *kî*-*nimlaṭ* *Dāwid* from *Qᵊʿîlāh*, and *wayyeḥdal* *lāṣēʾt*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqām*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he arose",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*waʾănāšāyw*": "waw-conjunctive + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his men",
"*kᵊšēš*": "preposition + numeral, feminine singular - about six",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*wayyēṣᵊʾû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went out",
"*Qᵊʿîlāh*": "proper noun, place name",
"*wayyithallᵊkû*": "waw-consecutive + Hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they wandered",
"*baʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - wherever",
"*yithallākû*": "Hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they would wander",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*huggad*": "Hophal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it was told",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*nimlaṭ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - had escaped",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*Qᵊʿîlāh*": "proper noun, place name",
"*wayyeḥdal*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he ceased",
"*lāṣēʾt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to go out"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāqām*": "and he arose/and he got up/and he set out",
"*waʾănāšāyw*": "and his men/and his followers/and his people",
"*wayyēṣᵊʾû*": "and they went out/and they departed/and they left",
"*wayyithallᵊkû*": "and they wandered/and they moved about/and they went here and there",
"*baʾăšer*": "wherever/where/in the place that",
"*yithallākû*": "they would wander/they would go/they could go",
"*huggad*": "it was told/it was reported/someone reported",
"*nimlaṭ*": "had escaped/had fled/had gotten away",
"*wayyeḥdal*": "and he ceased/and he abandoned/and he refrained",
"*lāṣēʾt*": "to go out/to pursue/to continue"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.14",
"source": "וַיֵּ֨שֶׁב דָּוִ֤ד בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ בַּמְּצָד֔וֹת וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב בָּהָ֖ר בְּמִדְבַּר־זִ֑יף וַיְבַקְשֵׁ֤הוּ שָׁאוּל֙ כָּל־הַיָּמִ֔ים וְלֹֽא־נְתָנ֥וֹ אֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּיָדֽוֹ",
"text": "And *wayyēšeb* *Dāwid* in the *midbar* in the *mᵊṣādôt*, and *wayyēšeb* in the mountain in *midbar*-*Zîp*; and *wayᵊbaqšēhû* *Šāʾûl* all-the days, and not-*nᵊtānô* *ʾĕlōhîm* in his hand",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēšeb*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he dwelled",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*bammidbār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness",
"*bammᵊṣādôt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine plural - in the strongholds",
"*bāhār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the mountain/hill country",
"*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wilderness of",
"*Zîp*": "proper noun, place name",
"*wayᵊbaqšēhû*": "waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he sought him",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*hayyāmîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the days",
"*nᵊtānô*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - gave him",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God",
"*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyēšeb*": "and he dwelled/and he stayed/and he remained",
"*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland",
"*mᵊṣādôt*": "strongholds/fortresses/secure places",
"*wayᵊbaqšēhû*": "and he sought him/and he searched for him/and he pursued him",
"*hayyāmîm*": "the days/every day/continually",
"*nᵊtānô*": "gave him/delivered him/handed him over"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.15",
"source": "וַיַּ֣רְא דָוִ֔ד כִּֽי־יָצָ֥א שָׁא֖וּל לְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אֶת־נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וְדָוִ֥ד בְּמִדְבַּר־זִ֖יף בַּחֹֽרְשָׁה",
"text": "And *wayyarʾ* *Dāwid* *kî*-*yāṣāʾ* *Šāʾûl* *lᵊbaqqēš* *ʾet*-his *napšô*; and *Dāwid* in *midbar*-*Zîp* in the *ḥōrᵊšāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyarʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*yāṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - had come out",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*lᵊbaqqēš*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to seek",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*napšô*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his life/soul",
"*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wilderness of",
"*Zîp*": "proper noun, place name",
"*baḥōrᵊšāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the thicket/wood"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyarʾ*": "and he saw/and he perceived/and he realized",
"*yāṣāʾ*": "had come out/had gone forth/had set out",
"*lᵊbaqqēš*": "to seek/to hunt/to try to take",
"*napšô*": "his life/his soul/his person",
"*ḥōrᵊšāh*": "thicket/wood/forest"
}
}