22{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.22",
"source": "לְכוּ־נָ֞א הָכִ֣ינוּ ע֗וֹד וּדְע֤וּ וּרְאוּ֙ אֶת־מְקוֹמוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּֽהְיֶ֣ה רַגְל֔וֹ מִ֥י רָאָ֖הוּ שָׁ֑ם כִּ֚י אָמַ֣ר אֵלַ֔י עָר֥וֹם יַעְרִ֖ם הֽוּא",
"text": "Go-*nāʾ* *hākînû* again and *ûdᵊʿû* and *ûrᵊʾû* *ʾet*-his place *ʾăšer* *tihyeh* his foot, who *rāʾāhû* there; *kî* he *ʾāmar* to me: *ʿārôm* *yaʿrîm* he",
"grammar": {
"*lᵊkû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - go",
"*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please",
"*hākînû*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - prepare/establish",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/yet",
"*ûdᵊʿû*": "waw-conjunctive + Qal imperative, masculine plural - and know",
"*ûrᵊʾû*": "waw-conjunctive + Qal imperative, masculine plural - and see",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*mᵊqômô*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his place",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - where",
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will be",
"*raglô*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his foot",
"*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who?",
"*rāʾāhû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - saw him",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for",
"*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said",
"*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st common singular suffix - to me",
"*ʿārôm*": "Qal infinitive absolute - being crafty",
"*yaʿrîm*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he is crafty",
"*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he"
},
"variants": {
"*lᵊkû*": "go/proceed/depart",
"*nāʾ*": "please/I pray",
"*hākînû*": "prepare/establish/make certain",
"*ʿôd*": "again/still/yet/further",
"*ûdᵊʿû*": "and know/and find out/and discover",
"*ûrᵊʾû*": "and see/and observe/and look",
"*tihyeh*": "will be/may be/is",
"*raglô*": "his foot/his footstep/his track",
"*rāʾāhû*": "saw him/has seen him",
"*ʿārôm yaʿrîm*": "being shrewd he is shrewd/very crafty/exceedingly cunning"
}
}
23{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.23",
"source": "וּרְא֣וּ וּדְע֗וּ מִכֹּ֤ל הַמַּֽחֲבֹאִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִתְחַבֵּ֣א שָׁ֔ם וְשַׁבְתֶּ֤ם אֵלַי֙ אֶל־נָכ֔וֹן וְהָלַכְתִּ֖י אִתְּכֶ֑ם וְהָיָה֙ אִם־יֶשְׁנ֣וֹ בָאָ֔רֶץ וְחִפַּשְׂתִּ֣י אֹת֔וֹ בְּכֹ֖ל אַלְפֵ֥י יְהוּדָֽה",
"text": "And *ûrᵊʾû* and *ûdᵊʿû* from all the *maḥăbōʾîm* *ʾăšer* *yitḥabbēʾ* there, and *wᵊšabtem* to me to-*nākôn*, and *wᵊhālaktî* with you; and *wᵊhāyāh* if-*yešnô* in the land, and *wᵊḥippaśtî* *ʾōtô* in all *ʾalpê* *Yᵊhûdāh*",
"grammar": {
"*ûrᵊʾû*": "waw-conjunctive + Qal imperative, masculine plural - and see",
"*ûdᵊʿû*": "waw-conjunctive + Qal imperative, masculine plural - and know",
"*mikkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from all of",
"*hammaḥăbōʾîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the hiding places",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/where",
"*yitḥabbēʾ*": "Hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he hides himself",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*wᵊšabtem*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you will return",
"*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st common singular suffix - to me",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*nākôn*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - certain/established",
"*wᵊhālaktî*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 1st common singular - and I will go",
"*ʾittᵊkem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - with you",
"*wᵊhāyāh*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will be",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if",
"*yešnô*": "particle of existence + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he exists",
"*bāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the land",
"*wᵊḥippaśtî*": "waw-consecutive + Piel perfect, 1st common singular - and I will search out",
"*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him",
"*bᵊkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - among all",
"*ʾalpê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - thousands of",
"*Yᵊhûdāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Judah"
},
"variants": {
"*ûrᵊʾû*": "and see/and observe/and look",
"*ûdᵊʿû*": "and know/and find out/and discover",
"*hammaḥăbōʾîm*": "the hiding places/the secret places/the concealed spots",
"*yitḥabbēʾ*": "he hides himself/he conceals himself/he takes refuge",
"*wᵊšabtem*": "and you will return/and you will come back",
"*nākôn*": "certain/established/confirmed information",
"*wᵊhālaktî*": "and I will go/and I will travel/and I will come",
"*wᵊhāyāh*": "and it will be/and it will happen",
"*yešnô*": "he exists/he is present/he is there",
"*wᵊḥippaśtî*": "and I will search out/and I will seek thoroughly/and I will hunt",
"*ʾalpê*": "thousands of/clans of/divisions of"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.24",
"source": "וַיָּק֛וּמוּ וַיֵּלְכ֥וּ זִ֖יפָה לִפְנֵ֣י שָׁא֑וּל וְדָוִ֨ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֜יו בְּמִדְבַּ֤ר מָעוֹן֙ בָּעֲרָבָ֔ה אֶ֖ל יְמִ֥ין הַיְשִׁימֽוֹן",
"text": "And *wayyāqûmû* and *wayyēlᵊkû* *Zîpāh* before *Šāʾûl*; and *Dāwid* and *waʾănāšāyw* in *midbar* *Māʿôn* in the *ʿărābāh*, toward right the *yᵊšîmôn*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqûmû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they arose",
"*wayyēlᵊkû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went",
"*Zîpāh*": "proper noun, place name with directional he - to Ziph",
"*lipnê*": "preposition + plural construct - before",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*waʾănāšāyw*": "waw-conjunctive + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his men",
"*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wilderness of",
"*Māʿôn*": "proper noun, place name - Maon",
"*bāʿărābāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the Arabah/plain",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - toward",
"*yᵊmîn*": "noun, feminine singular construct - right of",
"*hayᵊšîmôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the desert/waste"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāqûmû*": "and they arose/and they got up/and they set out",
"*wayyēlᵊkû*": "and they went/and they traveled/and they proceeded",
"*lipnê*": "before/ahead of",
"*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland",
"*bāʿărābāh*": "in the Arabah/in the plain/in the desert valley",
"*yᵊmîn*": "right of/south of",
"*hayᵊšîmôn*": "the desert/the waste/the wilderness"
}
}
25{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.25",
"source": "וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ שָׁא֣וּל וַאֲנָשָׁיו֮ לְבַקֵּשׁ֒ וַיַּגִּ֣דוּ לְדָוִ֔ד וַיֵּ֣רֶד הַסֶּ֔לַע וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר מָע֑וֹן וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע שָׁא֔וּל וַיִּרְדֹּ֥ף אַחֲרֵֽי־דָוִ֖ד מִדְבַּ֥ר מָעֽוֹן",
"text": "And *wayyēlek* *Šāʾûl* and *waʾănāšāyw* *lᵊbaqqēš*, and *wayyaggîdû* to *Dāwid*, and *wayyēred* the *sselaʿ* and *wayyēšeb* in *midbar* *Māʿôn*; and *wayyišmaʿ* *Šāʾûl* and *wayyirdōp* after-*Dāwid* to *midbar* *Māʿôn*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēlek*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*waʾănāšāyw*": "waw-conjunctive + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his men",
"*lᵊbaqqēš*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to seek",
"*wayyaggîdû*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they told",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*wayyēred*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went down",
"*hasselaʿ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the rock",
"*wayyēšeb*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stayed",
"*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wilderness of",
"*Māʿôn*": "proper noun, place name - Maon",
"*wayyišmaʿ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he heard",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*wayyirdōp*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he pursued",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wilderness of",
"*Māʿôn*": "proper noun, place name - Maon"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyēlek*": "and he went/and he traveled/and he proceeded",
"*lᵊbaqqēš*": "to seek/to search for/to look for",
"*wayyaggîdû*": "and they told/and they reported/and they informed",
"*wayyēred*": "and he went down/and he descended to",
"*hasselaʿ*": "the rock/the crag/the cliff",
"*wayyēšeb*": "and he stayed/and he remained/and he dwelled",
"*wayyišmaʿ*": "and he heard/and he learned/and he was informed",
"*wayyirdōp*": "and he pursued/and he chased/and he followed"
}
}
26{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.26",
"source": "וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ שָׁא֜וּל מִצַּ֤ד הָהָר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְדָוִ֧ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֛יו מִצַּ֥ד הָהָ֖ר מִזֶּ֑ה וַיְהִ֨י דָוִ֜ד נֶחְפָּ֤ז לָלֶ֙כֶת֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל וְשָׁא֣וּל וַאֲנָשָׁ֗יו עֹֽ[m]טְרִ֛ים אֶל־דָּוִ֥ד וְאֶל־אֲנָשָׁ֖יו לְתָפְשָֽׂם",
"text": "And *wayyēlek* *Šāʾûl* from side the *hāhār* from this, and *Dāwid* and *waʾănāšāyw* from side the *hāhār* from this; and *wayᵊhî* *Dāwid* *neḥpāz* *lāleket* from face *Šāʾûl*, and *Šāʾûl* and *waʾănāšāyw* *ʿōṭᵊrîm* *ʾel*-*Dāwid* and *ʾel*-his men *lᵊtāpᵊśām*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēlek*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*miṣṣad*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from side of",
"*hāhār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the mountain",
"*mizzeh*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun - from this",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*waʾănāšāyw*": "waw-conjunctive + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his men",
"*wayᵊhî*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened",
"*neḥpāz*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - hurrying/hastening",
"*lāleket*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to go",
"*mippᵊnê*": "preposition + plural construct - from before/because of",
"*ʿōṭᵊrîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - surrounding",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/against",
"*ʾănāšāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his men",
"*lᵊtāpᵊśām*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to seize them"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyēlek*": "and he went/and he traveled/and he proceeded",
"*miṣṣad*": "from side of/from the side of/on one side of",
"*hāhār*": "the mountain/the hill",
"*mizzeh*": "from this/on this side",
"*wayᵊhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass/and it was",
"*neḥpāz*": "hurrying/hastening/rushing/anxious",
"*lāleket*": "to go/to flee/to escape",
"*mippᵊnê*": "from before/because of/from the presence of",
"*ʿōṭᵊrîm*": "surrounding/encircling/closing in on",
"*lᵊtāpᵊśām*": "to seize them/to capture them/to catch them"
}
}
27{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.27",
"source": "וּמַלְאָ֣ךְ בָּ֔א אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל לֵאמֹ֑ר מַהֲרָ֣ה וְלֵ֔כָה כִּֽי־פָשְׁט֥וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ",
"text": "And *malʾāk* *bāʾ* to *Šāʾûl* *lēʾmōr*: *mahărāh* and *wᵊlēkāh* *kî*-*pāšᵊṭû* *Pᵊlištîm* on-the land",
"grammar": {
"*ûmalʾāk*": "waw-conjunctive + noun, masculine singular - and a messenger",
"*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*mahărāh*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - hasten",
"*wᵊlēkāh*": "waw-conjunctive + Qal imperative, masculine singular + paragogic he - and go",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*pāšᵊṭû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - have spread out/raided",
"*Pᵊlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land"
},
"variants": {
"*ûmalʾāk*": "and a messenger/and a courier",
"*bāʾ*": "came/arrived/approached",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/speaking",
"*mahărāh*": "hasten/hurry/make haste",
"*wᵊlēkāh*": "and go/and come/and proceed",
"*pāšᵊṭû*": "have spread out/have raided/have invaded"
}
}