1{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.27.1",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־לִבּ֔וֹ עַתָּ֛ה אֶסָּפֶ֥ה יוֹם־אֶחָ֖ד בְּיַד־שָׁא֑וּל אֵֽין־לִ֨י ט֜וֹב כִּ֣י הִמָּלֵ֥ט אִמָּלֵ֣ט ׀ אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וְנוֹאַ֨שׁ מִמֶּ֤נִּי שָׁאוּל֙ לְבַקְשֵׁ֤נִי עוֹד֙ בְּכָל־גְּב֣וּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְנִמְלַטְתִּ֖י מִיָּדֽוֹ",
"text": "And *wayyōmer* *Dāwid* to-*lēb* of him, now *ʾessāpeh* day-one in-hand-of-*Šāʾûl*; *ʾên*-to me good, for *himmālēṭ* *ʾimmālēṭ* to-*ʾereṣ* *pəlištîm* and *nôʾaš* from me *Šāʾûl* to seek me again in-all-*gəbûl* *yiśrāʾēl*, and *nimlāṭtî* from hand of him.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*lēb*": "noun ms construct - heart",
"*ʾessāpeh*": "niphal imperfect 1cs - I will be gathered/perish",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*himmālēṭ*": "infinitive absolute niphal - escape",
"*ʾimmālēṭ*": "niphal imperfect 1cs - I will escape",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun fs construct - land of",
"*pəlištîm*": "proper noun - Philistines",
"*nôʾaš*": "niphal perfect 3ms - he will despair/give up",
"*gəbûl*": "noun ms construct - territory/border",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*nimlāṭtî*": "niphal perfect 1cs - I will escape"
},
"variants": {
"*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner self",
"*ʾessāpeh*": "I will perish/be consumed/be gathered",
"*himmālēṭ* *ʾimmālēṭ*": "I will surely escape (emphatic construction)",
"*nôʾaš*": "despair/give up/abandon"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.27.2",
"source": "וַיָּ֣קָם דָּוִ֔ד וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר ה֔וּא וְשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִמּ֑וֹ אֶל־אָכִ֥ישׁ בֶּן־מָע֖וֹךְ מֶ֥לֶךְ גַּֽת",
"text": "And *wayyāqom* *Dāwid* and *wayyaʿăbōr* he and six-hundred *ʾîš* who with him to-*ʾāḵîš* son-of-*māʿôḵ* *meleḵ* *gaṯ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqom*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he arose",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*wayyaʿăbōr*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he crossed over/passed",
"*ʾîš*": "noun mp - men",
"*ʾāḵîš*": "proper noun - Achish",
"*māʿôḵ*": "proper noun - Maoch",
"*meleḵ*": "noun ms construct - king of",
"*gaṯ*": "proper noun - Gath"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿăbōr*": "crossed over/passed/went over"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.27.3",
"source": "וַיֵּשֶׁב֩ דָּוִ֨ד עִם־אָכִ֥ישׁ בְּגַ֛ת ה֥וּא וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יו אִ֣ישׁ וּבֵית֑וֹ דָּוִד֙ וּשְׁתֵּ֣י נָשָׁ֔יו אֲחִינֹ֙עַם֙ הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֔ית וַאֲבִיגַ֥יִל אֵֽשֶׁת־נָבָ֖ל הַֽכַּרְמְלִֽית",
"text": "And *wayyēšeḇ* *Dāwid* with-*ʾāḵîš* in-*gaṯ*, he and men of him, *ʾîš* and household of him, *Dāwid* and two *nāšāyw* *ʾăḥînōʿam* the-*yizrəʿēlîṯ* and *ʾăḇîgayil* *ʾēšeṯ*-*nāḇāl* the-*karməlîṯ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēšeḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he dwelled/lived",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*ʾāḵîš*": "proper noun - Achish",
"*gaṯ*": "proper noun - Gath",
"*ʾîš*": "noun ms - each man",
"*nāšāyw*": "noun fp + 3ms suffix - wives (his)",
"*ʾăḥînōʿam*": "proper noun - Ahinoam",
"*yizrəʿēlîṯ*": "gentilic adjective fs - Jezreelitess",
"*ʾăḇîgayil*": "proper noun - Abigail",
"*ʾēšeṯ*": "noun fs construct - wife of",
"*nāḇāl*": "proper noun - Nabal",
"*karməlîṯ*": "gentilic adjective fs - Carmelitess"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾîš* and household of him": "each with his household/family"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.27.4",
"source": "וַיֻּגַּ֣ד לְשָׁא֔וּל כִּֽי־בָרַ֥ח דָּוִ֖ד גַּ֑ת וְלֹֽא־*יוסף **יָסַ֥ף ע֖וֹד לְבַקְשֽׁוֹ",
"text": "And *wayyuggad* to-*Šāʾûl* that-*bāraḥ* *Dāwid* *gaṯ* and not-*yāsap* again to-seek him.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyuggad*": "waw consecutive + hophal imperfect 3ms - and it was told",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*bāraḥ*": "qal perfect 3ms - fled",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*gaṯ*": "proper noun - Gath",
"*yāsap*": "qal perfect 3ms - he added/continued",
"*yosef*": "qeri reading (what is to be read) instead of ketiv (what is written)"
},
"variants": {
"*bāraḥ*": "fled/escaped/ran away",
"*yāsap*": "added/continued/did again"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.27.5",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־אָכִ֗ישׁ אִם־נָא֩ מָצָ֨אתִי חֵ֤ן בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ יִתְּנוּ־לִ֣י מָק֗וֹם בְּאַחַ֛ת עָרֵ֥י הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה וְאֵ֣שְׁבָה שָּׁ֑ם וְלָ֨מָּה יֵשֵׁ֧ב עַבְדְּךָ֛ בְּעִ֥יר הַמַּמְלָכָ֖ה עִמָּֽךְ",
"text": "And *wayyōmer* *Dāwid* to-*ʾāḵîš* if-please *māṣāʾṯî* *ḥēn* in-eyes of you, *yittənû*-to me *māqôm* in-one *ʿārê* the-*śādeh* and *ʾēšḇāh* there, and why *yēšēḇ* servant of you in-city the-*mamlāḵāh* with you?",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*ʾāḵîš*": "proper noun - Achish",
"*māṣāʾṯî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I have found",
"*ḥēn*": "noun ms - favor/grace",
"*yittənû*": "qal imperfect 3mp jussive - let them give",
"*māqôm*": "noun ms - place",
"*ʿārê*": "noun fp construct - cities of",
"*śādeh*": "noun ms - field/countryside",
"*ʾēšḇāh*": "qal imperfect 1cs cohortative - let me dwell",
"*yēšēḇ*": "qal imperfect 3ms - should dwell",
"*mamlāḵāh*": "noun fs - kingdom/royal city"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥēn*": "favor/grace/acceptance",
"*śādeh*": "field/countryside/open territory",
"*mamlāḵāh*": "kingdom/royal city"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.27.6",
"source": "וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ אָכִ֛ישׁ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא אֶת־צִֽקְלָ֑ג לָכֵ֞ן הָיְתָ֤ה צִֽקְלַג֙ לְמַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה",
"text": "And *wayyitten*-to him *ʾāḵîš* in-day the-*hû* *ʾet*-*ṣiqlag*; *lāḵēn* *hāyəṯāh* *ṣiqlag* to-*malḵê* *yəhûdāh* until the-day the-*zeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyitten*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he gave",
"*ʾāḵîš*": "proper noun - Achish",
"*hû*": "demonstrative pronoun ms - that",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ṣiqlag*": "proper noun - Ziklag",
"*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore",
"*hāyəṯāh*": "qal perfect 3fs - she became/was",
"*malḵê*": "noun mp construct - kings of",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun ms - this"
},
"variants": {
"*lāḵēn*": "therefore/for this reason/so"
}
}