2 Kings 23:14

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "2 Kings.23.14", "source": "וְשִׁבַּר֙ אֶת־הַמַּצֵּב֔וֹת וַיִּכְרֹ֖ת אֶת־הָאֲשֵׁרִ֑ים וַיְמַלֵּ֥א אֶת־מְקוֹמָ֖ם עַצְמ֥וֹת אָדָֽם׃", "text": "And-*šibbar* *ʾeṯ*-the-*maṣṣēḇôṯ* and-*wayyiḵrōṯ* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʾăšērîm* and-*wayəmallēʾ* *ʾeṯ*-*məqômām* *ʿaṣmôṯ* *ʾāḏām*.", "grammar": { "*šibbar*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he broke/shattered", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*maṣṣēḇôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - pillars/standing stones", "*wayyiḵrōṯ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he cut down", "*ʾăšērîm*": "masculine plural noun - Asherah poles/sacred trees", "*wayəmallēʾ*": "Piel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he filled", "*məqômām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their place", "*ʿaṣmôṯ*": "feminine plural construct noun - bones of", "*ʾāḏām*": "masculine singular noun - man/human" }, "variants": { "*šibbar*": "broke/shattered/smashed", "*maṣṣēḇôṯ*": "pillars/standing stones/sacred stones/memorial stones", "*wayyiḵrōṯ*": "cut down/cut off/hewed", "*ʾăšērîm*": "Asherah poles/sacred trees/cultic poles", "*wayəmallēʾ*": "filled/stuffed/packed", "*məqômām*": "their place/location/position", "*ʿaṣmôṯ*": "bones/remains", "*ʾāḏām*": "human/person/man/mankind" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְשִׁבַּר֙ אֶת־הַמַּצֵּב֔וֹת וַיִּכְרֹ֖ת אֶת־הָאֲשֵׁרִ֑ים וַיְמַלֵּ֥א אֶת־מְקוֹמָ֖ם עַצְמ֥וֹת אָדָֽם׃

Transliteration

And-šibbar ʾeṯ-the-maṣṣēḇôṯ and-wayyiḵrōṯ ʾeṯ-the-ʾăšērîm and-wayəmallēʾ ʾeṯ-məqômām ʿaṣmôṯ ʾāḏām.

Grammar Details

• *šibbar*: Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he broke/shattered
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *maṣṣēḇôṯ*: feminine plural noun - pillars/standing stones
• *wayyiḵrōṯ*: Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he cut down
• *ʾăšērîm*: masculine plural noun - Asherah poles/sacred trees
• *wayəmallēʾ*: Piel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he filled
• *məqômām*: masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their place
• *ʿaṣmôṯ*: feminine plural construct noun - bones of
• *ʾāḏām*: masculine singular noun - man/human

Word Meanings

• *šibbar*: broke/shattered/smashed
• *maṣṣēḇôṯ*: pillars/standing stones/sacred stones/memorial stones
• *wayyiḵrōṯ*: cut down/cut off/hewed
• *ʾăšērîm*: Asherah poles/sacred trees/cultic poles
• *wayəmallēʾ*: filled/stuffed/packed
• *məqômām*: their place/location/position
• *ʿaṣmôṯ*: bones/remains
• *ʾāḏām*: human/person/man/mankind

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  He smashed the sacred pillars to pieces, cut down the Asherah poles, and filled their places with human bones.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he brake in pieces the images, and cut down the groves, and filled their places with the bones of men.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And he smashed the images, cut down the groves, and filled their places with the bones of men.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And he brake in pieces the images, and cut down the groves, and filled their places with the bones of men.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he brake in pieces{H7665} the pillars,{H4676} and cut down{H3772} the Asherim,{H842} and filled{H4390} their places{H4725} with the bones{H6106} of men.{H120}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he brake in pieces{H7665}{(H8765)} the images{H4676}, and cut down{H3772}{(H8799)} the groves{H842}, and filled{H4390}{(H8762)} their places{H4725} with the bones{H6106} of men{H120}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  and brake the pilers, and roted out the groues, and fylled their places with mens bones.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And he brake the images in pieces, & cut downe the groues and filled their places with the bones of men.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And brake the images, and cut downe the idol groues, and filled their places with the bones of men.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And he brake in pieces the images, and cut down the groves, and filled their places with the bones of men.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He broke in pieces the pillars, and cut down the Asherim, and filled their places with the bones of men.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And he hath broken in pieces the standing-pillars, and cutteth down the shrines, and filleth their place with bones of men;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he brake in pieces the pillars, and cut down the Asherim, and filled their places with the bones of men.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he brake in pieces the pillars, and cut down the Asherim, and filled their places with the bones of men.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The stone pillars were broken to bits and the wood pillars cut down, and the places where they had been were made full of the bones of the dead.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He broke in pieces the pillars, and cut down the Asherim, and filled their places with the bones of men.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He smashed the sacred pillars to bits, cut down the Asherah poles, and filled those shrines with human bones.

Referenced Verses

• Exod 23:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.24", "source": "לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֤ה לֵאלֹֽהֵיהֶם֙ וְלֹ֣א תָֽעָבְדֵ֔ם וְלֹ֥א תַעֲשֶׂ֖ה כְּמַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑ם כִּ֤י הָרֵס֙ תְּהָ֣רְסֵ֔ם וְשַׁבֵּ֥ר תְּשַׁבֵּ֖ר מַצֵּבֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Not-*tištaḥăweh* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem* and-not *tāʿobdēm* and-not *taʿăśeh* as-*maʿăśêhem* for *hārēs* *tĕhārĕsēm* and-*šabbēr* *tĕšabbēr* *maṣṣēbōtêhem*", "grammar": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "hishtaphel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - bow down/prostrate yourself", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*tāʿobdēm*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - serve/worship them", "*taʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - do/make", "*maʿăśêhem*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their deeds/practices", "*hārēs tĕhārĕsēm*": "qal infinitive absolute + piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - emphatic construction: 'you shall utterly destroy them'", "*šabbēr tĕšabbēr*": "piel infinitive absolute + piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - emphatic construction: 'you shall utterly shatter'", "*maṣṣēbōtêhem*": "noun feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sacred pillars/standing stones" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "bow down/prostrate yourself/worship", "*tāʿobdēm*": "serve/worship/work for them", "*maʿăśêhem*": "their deeds/practices/customs/works", "*hārēs tĕhārĕsēm*": "you shall utterly destroy them/completely demolish them", "*šabbēr tĕšabbēr*": "you shall utterly shatter/completely break in pieces", "*maṣṣēbōtêhem*": "their sacred pillars/standing stones/monuments" } }
• Deut 7:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.5", "source": "כִּֽי־אִם־כֹּ֤ה תַעֲשׂוּ֙ לָהֶ֔ם מִזְבְּחֹתֵיהֶ֣ם תִּתֹּ֔צוּ וּמַצֵּבֹתָ֖ם תְּשַׁבֵּ֑רוּ וַאֲשֵֽׁירֵהֶם֙ תְּגַדֵּע֔וּן וּפְסִילֵיהֶ֖ם תִּשְׂרְפ֥וּן בָּאֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "But thus *taʿăśû* to them: their *mizbəḥōtêhem* you *tittōṣû*, and their *maṣṣēvōtām* you *təšabbērû*, and their *ʾăšêrêhem* you *təgaddēʿûn*, and their *pəsîlêhem* you *tiśrəpûn* with the *ʾēš*.", "grammar": { "*taʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall do", "*mizbəḥōtêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their altars", "*tittōṣû*": "Piel imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall break down/demolish", "*maṣṣēvōtām*": "noun feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sacred pillars", "*təšabbērû*": "Piel imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall smash/break in pieces", "*ʾăšêrêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their Asherim/sacred poles", "*təgaddēʿûn*": "Piel imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall cut down/chop down", "*pəsîlêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their carved images/idols", "*tiśrəpûn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall burn", "*ʾēš*": "noun feminine singular - fire" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśû*": "do/act/perform", "*mizbəḥōtêhem*": "altars/places of sacrifice", "*tittōṣû*": "break down/tear down/demolish", "*maṣṣēvōtām*": "sacred pillars/standing stones/memorial stones", "*təšabbērû*": "smash/break in pieces/shatter", "*ʾăšêrêhem*": "Asherim/sacred poles/wooden images", "*təgaddēʿûn*": "cut down/chop down/hew down", "*pəsîlêhem*": "carved images/idols/graven images", "*tiśrəpûn*": "burn/consume with fire", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame" } }
• 2 Kgs 23:16 : 16 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.16", "source": "וַיִּ֣פֶן יֹאשִׁיָּ֗הוּ וַיַּ֨רְא אֶת־הַקְּבָרִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־שָׁם֙ בָּהָ֔ר וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הָֽעֲצָמוֹת֙ מִן־הַקְּבָרִ֔ים וַיִּשְׂרֹ֥ף עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ וַֽיְטַמְּאֵ֑הוּ כִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר קָרָא֙ אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר קָרָ֔א אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "And-*wayyipen* *yōʾšiyyāhû* and-*wayyarʾ* *ʾeṯ*-the-*qəḇārîm* which-[were] there in-the-*hār*, and-*wayyišlaḥ* and-*wayyiqqaḥ* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʿăṣāmôṯ* from-the-*qəḇārîm*, and-*wayyiśrōp̄* on-the-*mizbeaḥ* and-*wayəṭamməʾēhû* according-to-*dəḇar* *YHWH* which *qārāʾ* *ʾîš* the-*ʾĕlōhîm*, who *qārāʾ* *ʾeṯ*-the-*dəḇārîm* the-these.", "grammar": { "*wayyipen*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he turned", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Josiah", "*wayyarʾ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*qəḇārîm*": "masculine plural noun - graves/tombs", "*hār*": "masculine singular noun - mountain/hill", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*ʿăṣāmôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - bones", "*wayyiśrōp̄*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he burned", "*mizbeaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - altar", "*wayəṭamməʾēhû*": "Piel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he defiled it", "*dəḇar*": "masculine singular construct noun - word of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*qārāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he proclaimed/called", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct noun - man of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods", "*dəḇārîm*": "masculine plural noun - words/things" }, "variants": { "*wayyipen*": "turned/faced/looked", "*wayyarʾ*": "saw/noticed/observed", "*qəḇārîm*": "graves/tombs/burial places", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "sent/stretched out/dispatched", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "took/seized/fetched", "*ʿăṣāmôṯ*": "bones/remains", "*wayyiśrōp̄*": "burned/consumed with fire", "*wayəṭamməʾēhû*": "defiled it/made it unclean/desecrated it", "*dəḇar*": "word/matter/thing", "*qārāʾ*": "proclaimed/announced/called out", "*ʾîš*": "man/person", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/divine being", "*dəḇārîm*": "words/things/matters" } }
• 2 Chr 34:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.34.3", "source": "וּבִשְׁמוֹנֶ֨ה שָׁנִ֜ים לְמָלְכ֗וֹ וְהוּא֙ עוֹדֶ֣נּוּ נַ֔עַר הֵחֵ֕ל לִדְר֕וֹשׁ לֵאלֹהֵ֖י דָּוִ֣יד אָבִ֑יו וּבִשְׁתֵּ֧ים עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֗ה הֵחֵל֙ לְטַהֵ֗ר אֶת־יְהוּדָה֙ וִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם מִן־הַבָּמוֹת֙ וְהָ֣אֲשֵׁרִ֔ים וְהַפְּסִלִ֖ים וְהַמַּסֵּכֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-in-*shemoneh* *shanim* to-*malko* and-*hu* *odennu* *naar* *hechel* to-*drosh* to-*Elohei* *David* *aviv* and-in-*shtayim* *esreh* *shanah* *hechel* to-*taher* *et*-*Yehudah* and-*Yerushalayim* from-the-*bamot* and-the-*asherim* and-the-*pesilim* and-the-*massechot*", "grammar": { "*shemoneh*": "cardinal number, feminine form - eight", "*shanim*": "plural of *shanah* - years", "*malko*": "noun with possessive suffix - his reign", "*hu*": "independent personal pronoun, 3ms - he", "*odennu*": "adverb with 3ms suffix - still he/while he was yet", "*naar*": "noun, masculine singular - youth/young man", "*hechel*": "Hiphil perfect, 3ms - he began", "*drosh*": "Qal infinitive construct - to seek", "*Elohei*": "construct state, plural of *Eloah* - God of", "*aviv*": "noun with 3ms possessive suffix - his father", "*shtayim*": "cardinal number, feminine - two", "*esreh*": "cardinal number suffix - ten (twelve combined with *shtayim*)", "*shanah*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*taher*": "Piel infinitive construct - to purge/cleanse", "*Yehudah*": "proper noun - Judah", "*Yerushalayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*bamot*": "plural of *bamah* - high places", "*asherim*": "plural of *asherah* - sacred poles/images of Asherah", "*pesilim*": "plural of *pesel* - carved images/idols", "*massechot*": "plural of *massechah* - molten images/cast idols" }, "variants": { "*naar*": "youth/young man/servant/boy", "*drosh*": "seek/inquire/worship/consult", "*taher*": "cleanse/purify/purge", "*bamot*": "high places/shrines/cultic platforms", "*asherim*": "sacred poles/trees/images of Asherah goddess" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.34.4", "source": "וַיְנַתְּצ֣וּ לְפָנָ֗יו אֵ֚ת מִזְבְּח֣וֹת הַבְּעָלִ֔ים וְהַֽחַמָּנִ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־לְמַ֥עְלָה מֵעֲלֵיהֶ֖ם גִּדֵּ֑עַ וְ֠הָאֲשֵׁרִים וְהַפְּסִלִ֤ים וְהַמַּסֵּכוֹת֙ שִׁבַּ֣ר וְהֵדַ֔ק וַיִּזְרֹק֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַקְּבָרִ֔ים הַזֹּבְחִ֖ים לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "*Wayntzu* to-*panav* *et* *mizbechot* the-*baalim* and-the-*chamanim* which-to-*maalah* from-upon-them *gidea* and-the-*asherim* and-the-*pesilim* and-the-*massechot* *shibar* and-*hedak* *wayyizrok* upon-*pnei* the-*qevarim* the-*zovechim* to-them", "grammar": { "*Wayntzu*": "Piel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3mp - and they broke down", "*panav*": "noun with preposition and 3ms suffix - before him", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*mizbechot*": "plural construct of *mizbeach* - altars of", "*baalim*": "plural of *baal* with definite article - the Baals", "*chamanim*": "plural noun with definite article - the incense altars/sun pillars", "*maalah*": "feminine noun with preposition - above/on top", "*gidea*": "Piel perfect, 3ms - he cut down", "*asherim*": "plural of *asherah* with definite article - the Asherah poles", "*pesilim*": "plural of *pesel* with definite article - the carved images", "*massechot*": "plural of *massechah* with definite article - the molten images", "*shibar*": "Piel perfect, 3ms - he broke into pieces", "*hedak*": "Hiphil perfect, 3ms - he pulverized/crushed to dust", "*wayyizrok*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3ms - and he scattered", "*pnei*": "construct state of *panim* - surface/face of", "*qevarim*": "plural of *qever* with definite article - the graves", "*zovechim*": "Qal participle, mp with definite article - the ones sacrificing" }, "variants": { "*chamanim*": "sun pillars/incense altars/sacred stones", "*maalah*": "above/on top/overhead", "*hedak*": "pulverized/crushed to dust/made fine", "*pnei*": "face of/surface of/before" } }
• Jer 8:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.8.1", "source": "בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֣יא נְאֻם־יְהוָ֡ה *ויציאו **יוֹצִ֣יאוּ אֶת־עַצְמ֣וֹת מַלְכֵֽי־יְהוּדָ֣ה וְאֶת־עַצְמוֹת־שָׂרָיו֩ וְאֶת־עַצְמ֨וֹת הַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים וְאֵ֣ת ׀ עַצְמ֣וֹת הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים וְאֵ֛ת עַצְמ֥וֹת יוֹשְׁבֵֽי־יְרוּשָׁלָ֖͏ִם מִקִּבְרֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "In *ʿēt* the *hîʾ* *nᵊʾum*-*YHWH* they shall *yôṣîʾû* *ʾet*-*ʿaṣmôt* *malkê*-*yᵊhûdāh* and-*ʾet*-*ʿaṣmôt*-*śārāyw* and-*ʾet*-*ʿaṣmôt* the-*kōhănîm* and-*ʾēt* *ʿaṣmôt* the-*nᵊbîʾîm* and-*ʾēt* *ʿaṣmôt* *yôšᵊbê*-*yᵊrûšālāim* from-*qibrêhem*.", "grammar": { "*ʿēt*": "construct state with definite article - time/season", "*hîʾ*": "feminine demonstrative pronoun - that", "*nᵊʾum*": "construct state - utterance/declaration of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*yôṣîʾû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - they will bring out/cause to go out", "*ʿaṣmôt*": "plural construct of *ʿeṣem* - bones of", "*malkê*": "plural construct of *melek* - kings of", "*yᵊhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*śārāyw*": "plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his officials/princes", "*kōhănîm*": "plural noun with definite article - the priests", "*nᵊbîʾîm*": "plural noun with definite article - the prophets", "*yôšᵊbê*": "masculine plural construct participle of *yāšab* - inhabitants/dwellers of", "*yᵊrûšālāim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*qibrêhem*": "plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their graves" }, "variants": { "*ʿēt*": "time/season/appointed time", "*nᵊʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle", "*yôṣîʾû*": "bring out/take out/remove", "*ʿaṣmôt*": "bones/body/essence", "*śārāyw*": "his officials/princes/nobles", "*qibrêhem*": "their graves/tombs/burial places" } } 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.8.2", "source": "וּשְׁטָחוּם֩ לַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ וְלַיָּרֵ֜חַ וּלְכֹ֣ל ׀ צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲהֵב֜וּם וַאֲשֶׁ֤ר עֲבָדוּם֙ וַֽאֲשֶׁר֙ הָלְכ֣וּ אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר דְּרָשׁ֔וּם וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר הִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם לֹ֤א יֵאָֽסְפוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִקָּבֵ֔רוּ לְדֹ֛מֶן עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָ֖ה יִֽהְיֽוּ׃", "text": "And-they shall *šᵊṭāḥûm* to-the-*šemeš* and-to-the-*yārēaḥ* and-to-*kōl* *ṣᵊbāʾ* the-*šāmayim* which they *ʾăhēbûm* and-which they *ʿăbādûm* and-which they *hālᵊkû* *ʾaḥărêhem* and-which they *dᵊrāšûm* and-which they *hištaḥăwû* to-them. Not they shall *yēʾāsᵊpû* and-not they shall *yiqqābērû*; for-*dōmen* upon-*pᵊnê* the-*ʾădāmāh* they shall *yihyû*.", "grammar": { "*šᵊṭāḥûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they will spread them out", "*šemeš*": "noun with definite article - the sun", "*yārēaḥ*": "noun with definite article - the moon", "*kōl*": "construct state - all of/entirety of", "*ṣᵊbāʾ*": "construct state - host/army of", "*šāmayim*": "noun with definite article - the heavens/sky", "*ʾăhēbûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they loved them", "*ʿăbādûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they served them", "*hālᵊkû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they walked/went", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - after them", "*dᵊrāšûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they sought them", "*hištaḥăwû*": "hitpael perfect 3rd person plural - they bowed down/prostrated themselves", "*yēʾāsᵊpû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will be gathered", "*yiqqābērû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will be buried", "*dōmen*": "noun - dung/manure", "*pᵊnê*": "construct plural of *pānîm* - face/surface of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun with definite article - the ground/earth/land", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will be" }, "variants": { "*šᵊṭāḥûm*": "spread out/scatter/expose", "*šemeš*": "sun/sunlight", "*yārēaḥ*": "moon/month", "*ṣᵊbāʾ*": "host/army/assemblage", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʾăhēbûm*": "loved/desired/preferred them", "*ʿăbādûm*": "served/worked for/worshipped them", "*hālᵊkû*": "walked/went/followed", "*dᵊrāšûm*": "sought/inquired of/consulted them", "*hištaḥăwû*": "bowed down/prostrated/worshipped", "*dōmen*": "dung/manure/refuse", "*pᵊnê*": "face/surface/presence" } }
• Ezek 39:12-16 : 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.39.12", "source": "וּקְבָרוּם֙ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְמַ֖עַן טַהֵ֣ר אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ שִׁבְעָ֖ה חֳדָשִֽׁים", "text": "And *qəbārûm* *bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl* in order to *ṭahēr* the *ʾāreṣ*: *šibʿâ* *ḥŏdāšîm*", "grammar": { "*qəbārûm*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they will bury them", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ṭahēr*": "piel infinitive construct - to cleanse/purify", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth", "*šibʿâ*": "number, masculine singular - seven", "*ḥŏdāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - months" }, "variants": { "*ṭahēr*": "cleanse/purify/purge/make clean" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.39.13", "source": "וְקָֽבְרוּ֙ כָּל־עַ֣ם הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהָיָ֥ה לָהֶ֖ם לְשֵׁ֑ם י֚וֹם הִכָּ֣בְדִ֔י נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה", "text": "And they shall *qābrû* all the *ʿam* of the *ʾāreṣ*, and it shall *hāyâ* to them for *šēm*, the *yôm* of my *hikkābədî*, *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*qābrû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will bury", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular - name/renown", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day of", "*hikkābədî*": "niphal infinitive construct with 1st singular suffix - my being glorified", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*šēm*": "name/renown/fame/reputation", "*hikkābədî*": "my being glorified/honored/made heavy" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.39.14", "source": "וְאַנְשֵׁ֨י תָמִ֤יד יַבְדִּ֙ילוּ֙ עֹבְרִ֣ים בָּאָ֔רֶץ מְקַבְּרִ֣ים אֶת־הָעֹבְרִ֗ים אֶת־הַנּוֹתָרִ֛ים עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ לְטַֽהֲרָ֑הּ מִקְצֵ֥ה שִׁבְעָֽה־חֳדָשִׁ֖ים יַחְקֹֽרוּ", "text": "And *ʾanšê* of *tāmîd* they shall *yabdîlû* *ʿōbərîm* in the *ʾāreṣ*, *məqabbərîm* the *hāʿōbərîm*, those *hannôtārîm* upon *pənê* of the *ʾāreṣ*, to *ṭahărāh*; at the *miqqəṣēh* of *šibʿâ*-*ḥŏdāšîm* they shall *yaḥqōrû*", "grammar": { "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*tāmîd*": "noun, masculine singular - continuance/regularity", "*yabdîlû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd plural - they will separate/set apart", "*ʿōbərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - those passing through", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth", "*məqabbərîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - those burying", "*hāʿōbərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the passers-by", "*hannôtārîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - those remaining/left", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/surface of", "*ṭahărāh*": "piel infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to cleanse it", "*miqqəṣēh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from end of", "*šibʿâ*": "number, masculine singular - seven", "*ḥŏdāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - months", "*yaḥqōrû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will search/investigate" }, "variants": { "*tāmîd*": "continuance/regularity/permanence/constancy", "*ʿōbərîm*": "those passing through/travelers/passers-by", "*hannôtārîm*": "those remaining/left/surviving" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.39.15", "source": "וְעָבְר֤וּ הָעֹֽבְרִים֙ בָּאָ֔רֶץ וְרָאָה֙ עֶ֣צֶם אָדָ֔ם וּבָנָ֥ה אֶצְל֖וֹ צִיּ֑וּן עַ֣ד קָבְר֤וּ אֹתוֹ֙ הַֽמְקַבְּרִ֔ים אֶל־גֵּ֖יא הֲמ֥וֹן גּֽוֹג", "text": "And *ʿābrû* the *hāʿōbərîm* in the *ʾāreṣ*, and if one *rāʾâ* *ʿeṣem* of *ʾādām*, then he shall *bānâ* beside it a *ṣiyyûn*, until *qābrû* it the *haməqabbərîm* to *gêʾ* *hămôn* *Gôg*", "grammar": { "*ʿābrû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will pass through", "*hāʿōbərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the passers-by", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth", "*rāʾâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he sees/will see", "*ʿeṣem*": "noun, feminine singular construct - bone of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/human", "*bānâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will build", "*ṣiyyûn*": "noun, masculine singular - marker/sign post", "*qābrû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will bury", "*haməqabbərîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural with definite article - the buriers", "*gêʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*hămôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - multitude of", "*Gôg*": "proper noun - Gog" }, "variants": { "*ṣiyyûn*": "marker/sign post/monument/waymark" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.39.16", "source": "וְגַ֥ם שֶׁם־עִ֛יר הֲמוֹנָ֖ה וְטִהֲר֥וּ הָאָֽרֶץ", "text": "And also the *šem* of a *ʿîr* will be *hămônâ*; and they shall *ṭihărû* the *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*šem*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*hămônâ*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its multitude/Hamonah", "*ṭihărû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural - they will cleanse", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth" }, "variants": { "*hămônâ*": "Hamonah (proper name)/its multitude" } }
• Mic 1:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Micah.1.7", "source": "וְכָל־פְּסִילֶ֣יהָ יֻכַּ֗תּוּ וְכָל־אֶתְנַנֶּ֙יהָ֙ יִשָּׂרְפ֣וּ בָאֵ֔שׁ וְכָל־עֲצַבֶּ֖יהָ אָשִׂ֣ים שְׁמָמָ֑ה כִּ֠י מֵאֶתְנַ֤ן זוֹנָה֙ קִבָּ֔צָה וְעַד־אֶתְנַ֥ן זוֹנָ֖ה יָשֽׁוּבוּ׃", "text": "And-all-*pəsîleyhā* *yukkattû* and-all-*ʾeṯnannehā* *yiśśārəp̄û* in-the-*ʾēš* and-all-*ʿăṣabbeyhā* *ʾāśîm* *šəmāmāh* because from-*ʾeṯnan* *zônāh* *qibbāṣāh* and-unto-*ʾeṯnan* *zônāh* *yāšûḇû*", "grammar": { "*pəsîleyhā*": "common noun with possessive suffix, masculine plural - her carved images", "*yukkattû*": "pual imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be shattered/broken", "*ʾeṯnannehā*": "common noun with possessive suffix, masculine plural - her harlot wages/gifts", "*yiśśārəp̄û*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be burned", "*ʾēš*": "common noun with definite article, feminine singular - the fire", "*ʿăṣabbeyhā*": "common noun with possessive suffix, masculine plural - her idols/images", "*ʾāśîm*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will make/set/place", "*šəmāmāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste", "*ʾeṯnan*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - hire/wages of", "*zônāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - prostitute/harlot", "*qibbāṣāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she gathered/collected", "*yāšûḇû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will return" }, "variants": { "*pəsîleyhā*": "carved images/idols/graven images", "*yukkattû*": "shattered/broken/beaten to pieces", "*ʾeṯnannehā*": "harlot wages/hire/payment for prostitution", "*yiśśārəp̄û*": "burned/consumed by fire", "*ʿăṣabbeyhā*": "idols/images/figures", "*ʾāśîm*": "make/set/place/turn into", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/ruin", "*qibbāṣāh*": "gathered/collected/accumulated", "*yāšûḇû*": "return/turn back/revert" } }
• Matt 23:27-28 : 27 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.27", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι παρομοιάζετε τάφοις κεκονιαμένοις, οἵτινες ἔξωθεν μὲν φαίνονται ὡραῖοι, ἔσωθεν δὲ γέμουσιν ὀστέων νεκρῶν, καὶ πάσης ἀκαθαρσίας.", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *paromoiazete* *taphois* *kekoniamenois*, which *exōthen* *men* *phainontai* *hōraioi*, *esōthen* *de* *gemousin* *osteōn* *nekrōn*, and of-all *akatharsias*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*paromoiazete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are like/resemble", "*taphois*": "dative, masculine, plural - tombs/graves", "*kekoniamenois*": "perfect, passive, participle, dative, masculine, plural - having been whitewashed", "*hoitines*": "nominative, masculine, plural, relative pronoun - which", "*exōthen*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*men*": "particle - on the one hand (correlates with de)", "*phainontai*": "present, middle/passive, indicative, 3rd person plural - appear/seem", "*hōraioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - beautiful/attractive", "*esōthen*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*de*": "particle - on the other hand (correlates with men)", "*gemousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are full", "*osteōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of bones", "*nekrōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of dead (persons)", "*pasēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of all/every", "*akatharsias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of uncleanness/impurity" }, "variants": { "*paromoiazete*": "are like/resemble/compare to", "*taphois*": "tombs/graves/sepulchers", "*kekoniamenois*": "whitewashed/plastered with lime", "*exōthen*": "outside/on the exterior", "*phainontai*": "appear/seem/look", "*hōraioi*": "beautiful/attractive/handsome", "*esōthen*": "inside/on the interior", "*gemousin*": "are full/filled with/laden with", "*osteōn*": "bones/skeletal remains", "*nekrōn*": "dead (persons)/corpses", "*akatharsias*": "uncleanness/impurity/filthiness" } } 28 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.28", "source": "Οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς ἔξωθεν μὲν φαίνεσθε τοῖς ἀνθρώποις δίκαιοι, ἔσωθεν δὲ μεστοί ἐστε ὑποκρίσεως καὶ ἀνομίας.", "text": "*Houtōs* also you *exōthen* *men* *phainesthe* to-the *anthrōpois* *dikaioi*, *esōthen* *de* *mestoi* *este* *hypokriseōs* and *anomias*.", "grammar": { "*Houtōs*": "adverb - thus/in this way", "*kai*": "adverb - also/too", "*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - you (emphatic, subject)", "*exōthen*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*men*": "particle - on the one hand (correlates with de)", "*phainesthe*": "present, middle/passive, indicative, 2nd person plural - you appear/seem", "*anthrōpois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to men/people", "*dikaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - righteous/just", "*esōthen*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*de*": "particle - on the other hand (correlates with men)", "*mestoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - full/filled", "*este*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are", "*hypokriseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of hypocrisy", "*anomias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of lawlessness/iniquity" }, "variants": { "*Houtōs*": "thus/in this way/likewise", "*exōthen*": "outside/outwardly/on the exterior", "*phainesthe*": "appear/seem/look", "*dikaioi*": "righteous/just/upright", "*esōthen*": "inside/inwardly/on the interior", "*mestoi*": "full/filled with/complete with", "*hypokriseōs*": "hypocrisy/pretense/play-acting", "*anomias*": "lawlessness/iniquity/unrighteousness" } }
• Num 19:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Numbers.19.16", "source": "וְכֹ֨ל אֲשֶׁר־יִגַּ֜ע עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה בּֽ͏ַחֲלַל־חֶ֙רֶב֙ א֣וֹ בְמֵ֔ת אֽוֹ־בְעֶ֥צֶם אָדָ֖ם א֣וֹ בְקָ֑בֶר יִטְמָ֖א שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-ḵōl* *ʾăšer*-*yiggaʿ* *ʿal*-*pənê* *ha-śśāḏeh* *ba-ḥălal*-*ḥereḇ* *ʾô* *ḇə-mēṯ* *ʾô*-*ḇə-ʿeṣem* *ʾāḏām* *ʾô* *ḇə-qāḇer* *yiṭmāʾ* *šiḇʿaṯ* *yāmîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḵōl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and anyone", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*yiggaʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - touches", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on", "*pənê*": "noun, common plural construct - face/surface of", "*ha-śśāḏeh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the field", "*ba-ḥălal*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - on one slain by", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ḇə-mēṯ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on a dead body", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ḇə-ʿeṣem*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - on a bone of", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ḇə-qāḇer*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on a grave", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - shall be unclean", "*šiḇʿaṯ*": "number, feminine singular construct - seven of", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days" }, "variants": { "*yiggaʿ*": "touch/make contact with", "*pənê* *ha-śśāḏeh*": "surface of the field/open field/open country", "*ḥălal*": "slain/wounded/pierced", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/cutting instrument", "*mēṯ*": "dead/corpse", "*ʿeṣem*": "bone/skeleton", "*qāḇer*": "grave/tomb/burial place", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean/become impure" } }
• Num 19:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Numbers.19.18", "source": "וְלָקַ֨ח אֵז֜וֹב וְטָבַ֣ל בַּמַּיִם֮ אִ֣ישׁ טָהוֹר֒ וְהִזָּ֤ה עַל־הָאֹ֙הֶל֙ וְעַל־כָּל־הַכֵּלִ֔ים וְעַל־הַנְּפָשׁ֖וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָֽיוּ־שָׁ֑ם וְעַל־הַנֹּגֵ֗עַ בַּעֶ֙צֶם֙ א֣וֹ בֶֽחָלָ֔ל א֥וֹ בַמֵּ֖ת א֥וֹ בַקָּֽבֶר׃", "text": "*wə-lāqaḥ* *ʾēzôḇ* *wə-ṭāḇal* *ba-mmayim* *ʾîš* *ṭāhôr* *wə-hizzâ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʾōhel* *wə-ʿal*-*kāl*-*ha-kkēlîm* *wə-ʿal*-*ha-nnəp̄āšôṯ* *ʾăšer* *hāyû*-*šām* *wə-ʿal*-*ha-nnōḡēaʿ* *ba-ʿeṣem* *ʾô* *ḇe-ḥālāl* *ʾô* *ḇa-mmēṯ* *ʾô* *ḇa-qqāḇer*", "grammar": { "*wə-lāqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall take", "*ʾēzôḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - hyssop", "*wə-ṭāḇal*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall dip", "*ba-mmayim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - in the water", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ṭāhôr*": "adjective, masculine singular - clean/pure", "*wə-hizzâ*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall sprinkle", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on", "*hā-ʾōhel*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the tent", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and on", "*kāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*ha-kkēlîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the vessels", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and on", "*ha-nnəp̄āšôṯ*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the persons", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*hāyû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural - were", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and on", "*ha-nnōḡēaʿ*": "definite article + verb, qal participle, masculine singular - the one touching", "*ba-ʿeṣem*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - on the bone", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ḇe-ḥālāl*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - on the slain", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ḇa-mmēṯ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - on the dead", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ḇa-qqāḇer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - on the grave" }, "variants": { "*ʾēzôḇ*": "hyssop/herb used for purification", "*ṭāḇal*": "dip/immerse", "*ṭāhôr*": "clean/pure/ceremonially clean", "*hizzâ*": "sprinkle/spatter", "*nep̄āšôṯ*": "persons/souls/living beings", "*nōḡēaʿ*": "touching/one who touches", "*ʿeṣem*": "bone/skeleton", "*ḥālāl*": "slain/wounded/pierced", "*mēṯ*": "dead/corpse", "*qāḇer*": "grave/tomb/burial place" } }
• Num 33:52 : 52 { "verseID": "Numbers.33.52", "source": "וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּ֜ם אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֤י הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם וְאִ֨בַּדְתֶּ֔ם אֵ֖ת כָּל־מַשְׂכִּיֹּתָ֑ם וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־צַלְמֵ֤י מַסֵּֽכֹתָם֙ תְּאַבֵּ֔דוּ וְאֵ֥ת כָּל־בָּמֹתָ֖ם תַּשְׁמִֽידוּ׃", "text": "And *wə-hôrašttem* *ʾet-kol-yōšəbê hā-ʾāreṣ* from before you, and *wə-ʾibbadtem* *ʾēt kol-maśkiyyōtām* and *ʾēt kol-ṣalmê massēkōtām* *təʾabbēdû* and *ʾēt kol-bāmōtām* *tašmîdû*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hôrašttem*": "waw consecutive + hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall dispossess", "*ʾet-kol-yōšəbê hā-ʾāreṣ*": "direct object marker + construct form with definite article - all inhabitants of the land", "*mippənêkem*": "preposition *min* + construct form with 2nd masculine plural suffix - from before you", "*wə-ʾibbadtem*": "waw consecutive + piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall destroy", "*ʾēt kol-maśkiyyōtām*": "direct object marker + construct form with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all their stone images", "*ʾēt kol-ṣalmê massēkōtām*": "direct object marker + double construct chain with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all images of their molten idols", "*təʾabbēdû*": "piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall destroy", "*ʾēt kol-bāmōtām*": "direct object marker + construct form with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all their high places", "*tašmîdû*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall destroy" }, "variants": { "*hôrašttem*": "dispossess/drive out/take possession", "*yōšəbê*": "inhabitants/dwellers/residents", "*ʾibbadtem*": "destroy/exterminate/demolish", "*maśkiyyōtām*": "their stone images/carved figures/stone idols", "*ṣalmê*": "images/likenesses/figures", "*massēkōtām*": "their molten idols/metal images/cast figures", "*təʾabbēdû*": "destroy/exterminate/demolish", "*bāmōtām*": "their high places/shrines/cultic platforms", "*tašmîdû*": "destroy/annihilate/exterminate" } }
• Deut 7:25-26 : 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.25", "source": "פְּסִילֵ֥י אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֖ם תִּשְׂרְפ֣וּן בָּאֵ֑שׁ לֹֽא־תַחְמֹד֩ כֶּ֨סֶף וְזָהָ֤ב עֲלֵיהֶם֙ וְלָקַחְתָּ֣ לָ֔ךְ פֶּ֚ן תִּוָּקֵ֣שׁ בּ֔וֹ כִּ֧י תוֹעֲבַ֛ת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ הֽוּא׃", "text": "The *pəsîlê* of their *ʾĕlōhêhem* you shall *tiśrəpûn* with the *ʾēš*; not *taḥmōd* the *kesep* and *zāhāv* on them and *wəlāqaḥtā* for yourself, lest you *tiwwāqēš* by it, for *tôʿăvat* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* it is.", "grammar": { "*pəsîlê*": "noun masculine plural construct - carved images of", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*tiśrəpûn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall burn", "*ʾēš*": "noun feminine singular - fire", "*taḥmōd*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall covet/desire", "*kesep*": "noun masculine singular - silver", "*zāhāv*": "noun masculine singular - gold", "*wəlāqaḥtā*": "Qal perfect consecutive 2nd masculine singular - and you shall take", "*tiwwāqēš*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be ensnared", "*tôʿăvat*": "noun feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*pəsîlê*": "carved images/idols/graven images", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "their gods/their deities", "*tiśrəpûn*": "burn/consume with fire", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*taḥmōd*": "covet/desire/crave", "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*zāhāv*": "gold", "*wəlāqaḥtā*": "take/seize/get", "*tiwwāqēš*": "be ensnared/be trapped/be caught", "*tôʿăvat*": "abomination of/detestable thing of/loathsome thing of" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.26", "source": "וְלֹא־תָבִ֤יא תֽוֹעֵבָה֙ אֶל־בֵּיתֶ֔ךָ וְהָיִ֥יתָ חֵ֖רֶם כָּמֹ֑הוּ שַׁקֵּ֧ץ ׀ תְּשַׁקְּצֶ֛נּוּ וְתַעֵ֥ב ׀ תְּֽתַעֲבֶ֖נּוּ כִּי־חֵ֥רֶם הֽוּא׃", "text": "And not *tāvîʾ* *tôʿēvâ* into your *bêtekā*, lest you *wəhāyîtā* *ḥērem* like it; *šaqqēṣ təšaqqəṣennû* and *taʿēv təttaʿăvennû* for *ḥērem* it is.", "grammar": { "*tāvîʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall bring", "*tôʿēvâ*": "noun feminine singular - abomination", "*bêtekā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your house", "*wəhāyîtā*": "Qal perfect consecutive 2nd masculine singular - and you will become", "*ḥērem*": "noun masculine singular - devoted thing/banned thing", "*šaqqēṣ təšaqqəṣennû*": "Piel infinitive absolute + Piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - utterly detest it", "*taʿēv təttaʿăvennû*": "Piel infinitive absolute + Piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - utterly abhor it" }, "variants": { "*tāvîʾ*": "bring/carry/import", "*tôʿēvâ*": "abomination/detestable thing/loathsome thing", "*bêtekā*": "your house/your home/your household", "*wəhāyîtā*": "become/be/turn into", "*ḥērem*": "devoted thing/banned thing/accursed thing", "*šaqqēṣ təšaqqəṣennû*": "utterly detest it/completely abhor it/thoroughly despise it", "*taʿēv təttaʿăvennû*": "utterly abhor it/completely loathe it/thoroughly reject it" } }