2 Samuel 1:14

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.14", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֵלָ֖יו דָּוִ֑ד אֵ֚יךְ לֹ֣א יָרֵ֔אתָ לִשְׁלֹ֙חַ֙ יָֽדְךָ֔ לְשַׁחֵ֖ת אֶת־מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to him *dāwid*, '*ʾêk* not *yārēʾtā* to *šəlōaḥ* your *yādkā* to *šaḥēt ʾet-məšîaḥ* *YHWH*?'", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*yārēʾtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you feared", "*šəlōaḥ*": "infinitive construct - to stretch out/send", "*yādkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*šaḥēt*": "piel infinitive construct - to destroy/ruin", "*məšîaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - anointed of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*ʾêk lōʾ yārēʾtā*": "how were you not afraid?/how did you not fear?", "*lišlōaḥ yādkā*": "to stretch out your hand/to put forth your hand", "*ləšaḥēt*": "to destroy/to harm/to kill", "*məšîaḥ YHWH*": "the LORD's anointed/YHWH's anointed one" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֵלָ֖יו דָּוִ֑ד אֵ֚יךְ לֹ֣א יָרֵ֔אתָ לִשְׁלֹ֙חַ֙ יָֽדְךָ֔ לְשַׁחֵ֖ת אֶת־מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃

Transliteration

And wayyōʾmer to him dāwid, 'ʾêk not yārēʾtā to šəlōaḥ your yādkā to šaḥēt ʾet-məšîaḥ YHWH?'

Grammar Details

• *wayyōʾmer*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said
• *dāwid*: proper noun - David
• *ʾêk*: interrogative adverb - how
• *yārēʾtā*: perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you feared
• *šəlōaḥ*: infinitive construct - to stretch out/send
• *yādkā*: noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand
• *šaḥēt*: piel infinitive construct - to destroy/ruin
• *məšîaḥ*: noun, masculine singular construct - anointed of
• *YHWH*: proper noun - Yahweh/LORD

Word Meanings

• *ʾêk lōʾ yārēʾtā*: how were you not afraid?/how did you not fear?
• *lišlōaḥ yādkā*: to stretch out your hand/to put forth your hand
• *ləšaḥēt*: to destroy/to harm/to kill
• *məšîaḥ YHWH*: the LORD's anointed/YHWH's anointed one

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  David asked him, 'How is it that you were not afraid to lift your hand to destroy the LORD's anointed?'

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And David said unto him, How wast thou not afraid to stretch forth thine hand to destroy the LORD'S anointed?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And David said to him, How are you not afraid to stretch forth your hand to destroy the LORD'S anointed?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And David said unto him, How wast thou not afraid to stretch forth thine hand to destroy the LORD'S anointed?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And David{H1732} said{H559} unto him, How wast thou not afraid{H3372} to put forth{H7971} thy hand{H3027} to destroy{H7843} Jehovah's{H3068} anointed?{H4899}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And David{H1732} said{H559}{(H8799)} unto him, How wast thou not afraid{H3372}{(H8804)} to stretch forth{H7971}{(H8800)} thine hand{H3027} to destroy{H7843}{(H8763)} the LORD'S{H3068} anointed{H4899}?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Dauid sayde: How happeneth it that thou wast not afrayed to laye thine hade vpon the LORDES anointed to destroye him?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And Dauid said vnto him, How wast thou not afrayd, to put forth thine hand to destroy the Anoynted of the Lord?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And Dauid sayde vnto him: Howe is it that thou wast not afrayde to lay thyne hande on the lordes annoynted, to destroy him?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And David said unto him, How wast thou not afraid to stretch forth thine hand to destroy the LORD'S anointed?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  David said to him, How were you not afraid to put forth your hand to destroy Yahweh's anointed?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And David saith unto him, `How wast thou not afraid to put forth thy hand to destroy the anointed of Jehovah?'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And David said unto him, How wast thou not afraid to put forth thy hand to destroy Jehovah's anointed?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And David said unto him, How wast thou not afraid to put forth thy hand to destroy Jehovah's anointed?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And David said to him, Had you no fear of stretching out your hand to put to death the one marked with the holy oil?

• World English Bible (2000)

  David said to him, "How were you not afraid to put forth your hand to destroy Yahweh's anointed?"

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  David replied to him,“How is it that you were not afraid to reach out your hand to destroy the LORD’s anointed?”

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 24:6 : 6 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.24.6", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֔ן וַיַּ֥ךְ לֵב־דָּוִ֖ד אֹת֑וֹ עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּרַ֔ת אֶת־כָּנָ֖ף אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְשָׁאֽוּל׃ ס", "text": "And *wayehî* after this and *wayyak* *lēb*-*Dāwid* *ʾōtô* because that *kārat* *ʾet*-*kānāp* which to *Šāʾûl*", "grammar": { "*wayehî*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *hāyâ* - and it happened/came to pass", "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - and it struck", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*kārat*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he cut off", "*kānāp*": "noun, masculine singular - edge/corner", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul" }, "variants": { "*wayehî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was", "*wayyak*": "struck/smote/beat (metaphorically: troubled/bothered)", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/conscience", "*kārat*": "cut off/cut/severed" } }
• 1 Sam 26:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.26.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֶל־אֲבִישַׁ֖י אַל־תַּשְׁחִיתֵ֑הוּ כִּ֠י מִ֣י שָׁלַ֥ח יָד֛וֹ בִּמְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָ֖ה וְנִקָּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwiḏ* to *ʾăḇîšay*: *ʾal*-*tašḥîṯēhû*, for who *šālaḥ* *yāḏô* against *mәšîaḥ* *YHWH* and *wәniqqâ*?", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾăḇîšay*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai", "*ʾal*": "Negative particle for command - do not", "*tašḥîṯēhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - destroy him", "*šālaḥ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - sent out/extended", "*yāḏô*": "Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*mәšîaḥ*": "Noun, masculine singular construct - anointed of", "*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*wәniqqâ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw conjunction - and be held innocent/guiltless" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke", "*ʾal*": "do not/never", "*tašḥîṯēhû*": "destroy him/harm him/kill him", "*šālaḥ*": "sent out/extended/stretched out", "*yāḏô*": "his hand/his power", "*mәšîaḥ*": "anointed one/consecrated one", "*wәniqqâ*": "and be held innocent/go unpunished/be acquitted" } }
• 1 Sam 31:4 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.31.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁאוּל֩ לְנֹשֵׂ֨א כֵלָ֜יו שְׁלֹ֥ף חַרְבְּךָ֣ ׀ וְדָקְרֵ֣נִי בָ֗הּ פֶּן־יָ֠בוֹאוּ הָעֲרֵלִ֨ים הָאֵ֤לֶּה וּדְקָרֻ֙נִי֙ וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִ֔י וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א מְאֹ֑ד וַיִּקַּ֤ח שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיִּפֹּ֖ל עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* to *nōśēʾ kēlāyw* '*šəlōp̄* your *ḥarbəḵā* and *wədāqrēnî* with it, lest *pen-yābôʾû* *hāʿărēlîm* *hāʾēlleh* and *ûdəqārūnî* and *wəhitʿalləlû-bî*.' But not *ʾābāh* *nōśēʾ kēlāyw*, for he *yārēʾ* exceedingly; and *wayyiqqaḥ* *šāʾûl* *ʾet-haḥereb* and *wayyippōl* upon it.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*nōśēʾ kēlāyw*": "participle construct + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - bearer of his weapons/armor-bearer", "*šəlōp̄*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - draw out", "*ḥarbəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sword", "*wədāqrēnî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and pierce me", "*pen-yābôʾû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - lest they come", "*hāʿărēlîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the uncircumcised", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these", "*ûdəqārūnî*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - and they pierce me", "*wəhitʿalləlû-bî*": "conjunction + verb, hithpael perfect, 3rd person masculine plural + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - and they abuse me", "*ʾābāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was willing", "*yārēʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - feared", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he took", "*ʾet-haḥereb*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sword", "*wayyippōl*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he fell" }, "variants": { "*nōśēʾ kēlāyw*": "armor-bearer/weapons-bearer", "*šəlōp̄*": "draw/unsheathe/pull out", "*wədāqrēnî*": "pierce me/thrust me through/stab me", "*hāʿărēlîm*": "uncircumcised ones/Gentiles/foreigners", "*wəhitʿalləlû-bî*": "abuse me/mock me/make sport of me", "*ʾābāh*": "was willing/consented/agreed" } }
• Ps 105:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.15", "source": "אַֽל־תִּגְּע֥וּ בִמְשִׁיחָ֑י וְ֝לִנְבִיאַי אַל־תָּרֵֽעוּ׃", "text": "Not-*tiggəʿū* in-*məšīḥāy* *wə-linbīʾay* not-*tārēʿū*", "grammar": { "*tiggəʿū*": "qal imperfect, 2mp (jussive) - touch", "*məšīḥāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1cs suffix - my anointed ones", "*wə-linbīʾay*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 1cs suffix - and to my prophets", "*tārēʿū*": "hiphil imperfect, 2mp (jussive) - do harm" }, "variants": { "*tiggəʿū*": "touch/strike/reach/harm", "*məšīḥāy*": "my anointed ones/chosen ones", "*nəbīʾay*": "my prophets/spokesmen", "*tārēʿū*": "do harm/evil/injury/wrong" } }
• 2 Pet 2:10 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.10", "source": "Μάλιστα δὲ τοὺς ὀπίσω σαρκὸς ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ μιασμοῦ πορευομένους, καὶ κυριότητος καταφρονοῦντας. Τολμηταί, αὐθάδεις, δόξας οὐ τρέμουσιν βλασφημοῦντες.", "text": "*Malista de tous opisō sarkos en epithymia miasmou poreuomenous, kai kyriotētos kataphronountas. Tolmētai, authadeis, doxas ou tremousin blasphēmountes*.", "grammar": { "*Malista*": "adverb (superlative) - 'especially/chiefly'", "*de*": "postpositive particle - 'but/and'", "*tous*": "accusative plural masculine article - 'those'", "*opisō sarkos*": "adverb + genitive singular feminine - 'after flesh'", "*en epithymia*": "preposition with dative singular feminine - 'in lust/desire'", "*miasmou*": "genitive singular masculine - 'of defilement'", "*poreuomenous*": "present middle participle, accusative plural masculine - 'going/walking'", "*kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*kyriotētos*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of authority/lordship'", "*kataphronountas*": "present active participle, accusative plural masculine - 'despising'", "*Tolmētai*": "nominative plural masculine - 'daring ones'", "*authadeis*": "nominative plural masculine - 'self-willed/arrogant'", "*doxas*": "accusative plural feminine - 'glories/dignities'", "*ou tremousin*": "negative + present indicative active, 3rd plural - 'do not tremble'", "*blasphēmountes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'blaspheming'" }, "variants": { "*Malista*": "especially/chiefly/above all", "*opisō sarkos*": "after the flesh/following corrupt nature", "*epithymia*": "lust/desire/craving/longing", "*miasmou*": "defilement/corruption/pollution", "*poreuomenous*": "going/walking/conducting themselves", "*kyriotētos*": "authority/lordship/dominion", "*kataphronountas*": "despising/disdaining/looking down on", "*Tolmētai*": "daring ones/presumptuous ones/bold ones", "*authadeis*": "self-willed/arrogant/stubborn/obstinate", "*doxas*": "glories/dignities/celestial beings/angelic powers", "*tremousin*": "tremble/fear/are afraid", "*blasphēmountes*": "blaspheming/slandering/speaking evil of" } }
• Num 12:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Numbers.12.8", "source": "פֶּ֣ה אֶל־פֶּ֞ה אֲדַבֶּר־בּ֗וֹ וּמַרְאֶה֙ וְלֹ֣א בְחִידֹ֔ת וּתְמֻנַ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה יַבִּ֑יט וּמַדּ֙וּעַ֙ לֹ֣א יְרֵאתֶ֔ם לְדַבֵּ֖ר בְּעַבְדִּ֥י בְמֹשֶֽׁה׃", "text": "*Peh* *ʾel-peh* *ʾădabbēr-bō* *ūmarʾeh* *wə-lōʾ* *ḇəḥîdōt* *ūtəmūnat* *YHWH* *yabbîṭ* *ūmaddūaʿ* *lōʾ* *yərēʾtem* *lədabbēr* *bə-ʿaḇdî* *ḇə-Mōšeh*", "grammar": { "*Peh*": "masculine singular noun - 'mouth'", "*ʾel-peh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - 'to mouth'", "*ʾădabbēr-bō*": "Piel imperfect, 1st person singular + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'I speak with him'", "*ūmarʾeh*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - 'and appearance'", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - 'and not'", "*ḇəḥîdōt*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - 'in riddles'", "*ūtəmūnat*": "conjunction + feminine singular construct - 'and form of'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - 'the LORD'", "*yabbîṭ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he beholds'", "*ūmaddūaʿ*": "conjunction + interrogative - 'and why'", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - 'not'", "*yərēʾtem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - 'you feared'", "*lədabbēr*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - 'to speak'", "*bə-ʿaḇdî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'against my servant'", "*ḇə-Mōšeh*": "preposition + proper noun - 'against Moses'" }, "variants": { "*Peh* *ʾel-peh*": "mouth to mouth/face to face", "*ūmarʾeh*": "and appearance/and visibly/clearly", "*ḇəḥîdōt*": "in riddles/in dark sayings", "*təmūnat*": "form/likeness/manifestation", "*yabbîṭ*": "he beholds/he looks upon/he sees", "*yərēʾtem*": "you feared/you were afraid" } }