20 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.11.20",
"source": "וְהָיָ֗ה אִֽם־תַּעֲלֶה֙ חֲמַ֣ת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאָמַ֣ר לְךָ֔ מַדּ֛וּעַ נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם אֶל־הָעִ֖יר לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם הֲל֣וֹא יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יֹר֖וּ מֵעַ֥ל הַחוֹמָֽה׃",
"text": "*wə-hāyâ ʾim-taʿăleh chămat ha-melech wə-ʾāmar ləchā madûaʿ niggashtem ʾel-hā-ʿîr lə-hillāchēm hălôʾ yədaʿtem ʾēt ʾăsher-yōrû mē-ʿal ha-chômâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-hāyâ*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it will be",
"*ʾim-taʿăleh*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd feminine singular qal - if rises",
"*chămat*": "noun feminine singular construct - anger of",
"*ha-melech*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the king",
"*wə-ʾāmar*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he says",
"*ləchā*": "preposition lamed + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you",
"*madûaʿ*": "interrogative - why",
"*niggashtem*": "perfect 2nd masculine plural niphal - did you approach",
"*ʾel-hā-ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - to the city",
"*lə-hillāchēm*": "preposition lamed + niphal infinitive construct - to fight",
"*hălôʾ*": "interrogative + negation - did you not",
"*yədaʿtem*": "perfect 2nd masculine plural - know",
"*ʾēt ʾăsher-yōrû*": "direct object marker + relative pronoun + imperfect 3rd masculine plural - that they would shoot",
"*mē-ʿal*": "preposition min + preposition - from upon",
"*ha-chômâ*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the wall"
},
"variants": {
"*taʿăleh chămat ha-melech*": "the king's anger rises/the king becomes angry",
"*niggashtem*": "approached/drew near/advanced",
"*yōrû*": "shoot/cast/throw [arrows or other projectiles]",
"*mē-ʿal ha-chômâ*": "from upon the wall/from the top of the wall"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.11.21",
"source": "מִֽי־הִכָּ֞ה אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֣לֶךְ בֶּן־יְרֻבֶּ֗שֶׁת הֲלֽוֹא־אִשָּׁ֡ה הִשְׁלִ֣יכָה עָלָיו֩ פֶּ֨לַח רֶ֜כֶב מֵעַ֤ל הַֽחוֹמָה֙ וַיָּ֣מָת בְּתֵבֵ֔ץ לָ֥מָּה נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֖ם אֶל־הַֽחוֹמָ֑ה וְאָ֣מַרְתָּ֔ גַּ֗ם עַבְדְּךָ֛ אוּרִיָּ֥ה הַחִתִּ֖י מֵֽת׃",
"text": "*mî-hikkâ ʾet-ʾĂbîmelech ben-Yərubbëshet hălôʾ-ʾishâ hishlîchâ ʿālāyw pelach recheb mē-ʿal ha-chômâ wa-yāmāt bə-Tēbēṣ lāmmâ niggashtem ʾel-ha-chômâ wə-ʾāmartā gam ʿabdəchā ʾÛrîyâ ha-Chittî mēt*",
"grammar": {
"*mî-hikkâ*": "interrogative + perfect 3rd masculine singular hiphil - who struck",
"*ʾet-ʾĂbîmelech*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Abimelech",
"*ben-Yərubbëshet*": "son of Jerubbesheth [Jerubbaal/Gideon]",
"*hălôʾ-ʾishâ*": "interrogative + negation + noun feminine singular - was it not a woman",
"*hishlîchâ*": "perfect 3rd feminine singular hiphil - she threw",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him",
"*pelach recheb*": "piece of millstone",
"*mē-ʿal*": "preposition min + preposition - from upon",
"*wa-yāmāt*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he died",
"*bə-Tēbēṣ*": "preposition bet + proper noun - in Thebez",
"*lāmmâ*": "interrogative - why",
"*niggashtem*": "perfect 2nd masculine plural niphal - did you approach",
"*ʾel-ha-chômâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - to the wall",
"*wə-ʾāmartā*": "conjunction + perfect 2nd masculine singular - then you shall say",
"*gam*": "particle - also",
"*ʿabdəchā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant",
"*mēt*": "perfect 3rd masculine singular - is dead"
},
"variants": {
"*ben-Yərubbëshet*": "son of Jerubbesheth/son of Jerubbaal (alternative name for Gideon)",
"*pelach recheb*": "millstone piece/upper millstone",
"*niggashtem ʾel-ha-chômâ*": "approached the wall/advanced to the wall"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.11.22",
"source": "וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ הַמַּלְאָ֑ךְ וַיָּבֹא֙ וַיַּגֵּ֣ד לְדָוִ֔ד אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר שְׁלָח֖וֹ יוֹאָֽב׃",
"text": "*wa-yēlech ha-malʾāch* and *wa-yābōʾ* and *wa-yaggēd lə-Dāwid ʾēt kol-ʾăsher shəlāchô Yôʾāb*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yēlech*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*ha-malʾāch*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the messenger",
"*wa-yābōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came",
"*wa-yaggēd*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular hiphil - and he reported",
"*lə-Dāwid*": "preposition lamed + proper noun - to David",
"*ʾēt kol-ʾăsher*": "direct object marker + noun + relative pronoun - all that",
"*shəlāchô*": "perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - sent him"
},
"variants": {
"*yaggēd*": "reported/told/informed",
"*kol-ʾăsher shəlāchô*": "all that had sent him/all for which he was sent"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.11.23",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמַּלְאָךְ֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד כִּֽי־גָבְר֤וּ עָלֵ֙ינוּ֙ הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים וַיֵּצְא֥וּ אֵלֵ֖ינוּ הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה וַנִּהְיֶ֥ה עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם עַד־פֶּ֥תַח הַשָּֽׁעַר׃",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmer ha-malʾāch ʾel-Dāwid kî-gābrû ʿālêynû hā-ʾănāshîm wa-yēṣəʾû ʾēlêynû ha-sādeh wa-nihyeh ʿălêyhem ʿad-petach ha-shāʿar*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ha-malʾāch*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the messenger",
"*ʾel-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David",
"*kî-gābrû*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd masculine plural qal - for they prevailed",
"*ʿālêynû*": "preposition + 1st common plural suffix - against us",
"*hā-ʾănāshîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the men",
"*wa-yēṣəʾû*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they came out",
"*ʾēlêynû*": "preposition + 1st common plural suffix - against us",
"*ha-sādeh*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - to the field",
"*wa-nihyeh*": "consecutive imperfect 1st common plural - and we were",
"*ʿălêyhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them",
"*ʿad-petach*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - to the entrance of",
"*ha-shāʿar*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the gate"
},
"variants": {
"*gābrû ʿālêynû*": "prevailed against us/were stronger than us/overpowered us",
"*yēṣəʾû ʾēlêynû ha-sādeh*": "came out against us to the field/sortied against us",
"*nihyeh ʿălêyhem*": "we were upon them/we pushed them back/we drove them"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.11.24",
"source": "*ויראו **וַיֹּר֨וּ *המוראים **הַמּוֹרִ֤ים אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֙ךָ֙ מֵעַ֣ל הַחוֹמָ֔ה וַיָּמ֖וּתוּ מֵעַבְדֵ֣י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְגַ֗ם עַבְדְּךָ֛ אוּרִיָּ֥ה הַחִתִּ֖י מֵֽת׃ ס",
"text": "*wa-yōrû ha-môrîm ʾel-ʿăbādechā mē-ʿal ha-chômâ wa-yāmûtû mē-ʿabdê ha-melech wə-gam ʿabdəchā ʾÛrîyâ ha-Chittî mēt*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōrû*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural hiphil - and they shot",
"*ha-môrîm*": "definite article + participle masculine plural hiphil - the archers",
"*ʾel-ʿăbādechā*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - at your servants",
"*mē-ʿal*": "preposition min + preposition - from upon",
"*ha-chômâ*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the wall",
"*wa-yāmûtû*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they died",
"*mē-ʿabdê*": "preposition min + noun masculine plural construct - from servants of",
"*ha-melech*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the king",
"*wə-gam*": "conjunction + particle - and also",
"*ʿabdəchā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant",
"*mēt*": "perfect 3rd masculine singular - is dead"
},
"variants": {
"*yōrû*": "shot/cast [arrows or projectiles]",
"*ha-môrîm*": "the archers/the shooters",
"*mē-ʿabdê ha-melech*": "some of the king's servants/some of the king's men"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.11.25",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־הַמַּלְאָ֗ךְ כֹּֽה־תֹאמַ֤ר אֶל־יוֹאָב֙ אַל־יֵרַ֤ע בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־כָזֹ֥ה וְכָזֶ֖ה תֹּאכַ֣ל הֶחָ֑רֶב הַחֲזֵ֨ק מִלְחַמְתְּךָ֧ אֶל־הָעִ֛יר וְהָרְסָ֖הּ וְחַזְּקֵֽהוּ׃",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmer Dāwid ʾel-ha-malʾāch kōh-tōʾmar ʾel-Yôʾāb ʾal-yēraʿ bə-ʿêynechā ʾet-ha-dābār ha-zeh kî-chāzōh wə-chāzeh tōʾchal he-chāreb hachăzēq milchamtəchā ʾel-hā-ʿîr wə-hārəsāh wə-chazzəqēhû*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾel-ha-malʾāch*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to the messenger",
"*kōh-tōʾmar*": "adverb + imperfect 2nd masculine singular - thus you shall say",
"*ʾel-Yôʾāb*": "preposition + proper noun - to Joab",
"*ʾal-yēraʿ*": "negative particle + imperfect 3rd masculine singular qal jussive - let it not be evil",
"*bə-ʿêynechā*": "preposition bet + noun feminine dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your eyes",
"*ʾet-ha-dābār ha-zeh*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun masculine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this matter",
"*kî-chāzōh wə-chāzeh*": "conjunction + demonstrative + conjunction + demonstrative - for like this and like that",
"*tōʾchal*": "imperfect 3rd feminine singular qal - devours",
"*he-chāreb*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the sword",
"*hachăzēq*": "imperative masculine singular hiphil - strengthen",
"*milchamtəchā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your battle",
"*ʾel-hā-ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - against the city",
"*wə-hārəsāh*": "conjunction + imperative masculine singular qal + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and destroy it",
"*wə-chazzəqēhû*": "conjunction + imperative masculine singular piel + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and encourage him"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾal-yēraʿ bə-ʿêynechā*": "let it not displease you/don't be upset about",
"*kî-chāzōh wə-chāzeh tōʾchal he-chāreb*": "for the sword devours one as well as another/the sword takes this one and that one alike",
"*hachăzēq milchamtəchā*": "strengthen your battle/press your attack harder",
"*wə-hārəsāh*": "destroy it/overthrow it/demolish it",
"*wə-chazzəqēhû*": "encourage him/strengthen him"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.11.26",
"source": "וַתִּשְׁמַע֙ אֵ֣שֶׁת אֽוּרִיָּ֔ה כִּי־מֵ֖ת אוּרִיָּ֣ה אִישָׁ֑הּ וַתִּסְפֹּ֖ד עַל־בַּעְלָֽהּ׃",
"text": "*wa-tishmaʿ ʾēshet ʾÛrîyâ kî-mēt ʾÛrîyâ ʾîshāh wa-tispōd ʿal-baʿlāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-tishmaʿ*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she heard",
"*ʾēshet*": "noun feminine singular construct - wife of",
"*kî-mēt*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd masculine singular - that was dead",
"*ʾîshāh*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her husband",
"*wa-tispōd*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she mourned",
"*ʿal-baʿlāh*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - for her husband/lord"
},
"variants": {
"*tispōd*": "mourned/lamented/wailed",
"*baʿlāh*": "her husband/her lord/her master"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.11.27",
"source": "וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר הָאֵ֗בֶל וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח דָּוִ֜ד וַיַּאַסְפָ֤הּ אֶל־בֵּיתוֹ֙ וַתְּהִי־ל֣וֹ לְאִשָּׁ֔ה וַתֵּ֥לֶד ל֖וֹ בֵּ֑ן וַיֵּ֧רַע הַדָּבָ֛ר אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֥ה דָוִ֖ד בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ פ",
"text": "*wa-yaʿăbōr hā-ʾēbel* and *wa-yishlach Dāwid wa-yaʾasfāh ʾel-bêytô wa-təhî-lô lə-ʾishâ wa-tēled lô bēn* and *wa-yēraʿ ha-dābār ʾăsher-ʿāsâ Dāwid bə-ʿêynê YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yaʿăbōr*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and passed",
"*hā-ʾēbel*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the mourning",
"*wa-yishlach*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent",
"*wa-yaʾasfāh*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he gathered her",
"*ʾel-bêytô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his house",
"*wa-təhî-lô*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd feminine singular + preposition lamed + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and she became to him",
"*lə-ʾishâ*": "preposition lamed + noun feminine singular - as a wife",
"*wa-tēled*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she bore",
"*lô*": "preposition lamed + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to/for him",
"*bēn*": "noun masculine singular - a son",
"*wa-yēraʿ*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and was evil",
"*ha-dābār*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the thing/matter",
"*ʾăsher-ʿāsâ*": "relative pronoun + perfect 3rd masculine singular - which did",
"*bə-ʿêynê*": "preposition bet + noun feminine dual construct - in the eyes of",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿăbōr hā-ʾēbel*": "the mourning period passed/the mourning was over",
"*yaʾasfāh*": "gathered her/brought her in/took her",
"*təhî-lô lə-ʾishâ*": "became his wife/became to him as a wife",
"*yēraʿ*": "was evil/displeased/was displeasing",
"*bə-ʿêynê YHWH*": "in the eyes of YHWH/in the LORD's sight"
}
}