3{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.3",
"source": "וּלְאַמְנ֣וֹן רֵ֗עַ וּשְׁמוֹ֙ יֽוֹנָדָ֔ב בֶּן־שִׁמְעָ֖ה אֲחִ֣י דָוִ֑ד וְי֣וֹנָדָ֔ב אִ֥ישׁ חָכָ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃",
"text": "And to-*ʾAmnôn* *rēaʿ* and-*šəmô* *Yônāḏāḇ* son-of-*Šimʿāh* brother-of *Dāwid*; and-*Yônāḏāḇ* *ʾîš* *ḥāḵām* very.",
"grammar": {
"*rēaʿ*": "noun masculine singular - friend/companion",
"*šəmô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man/person",
"*ḥāḵām*": "adjective masculine singular - wise/clever/crafty"
},
"variants": {
"*rēaʿ*": "friend/companion/associate",
"*Yônāḏāḇ*": "Jonadab (name meaning 'YHWH is willing')",
"*Šimʿāh*": "Shimeah (name meaning 'fame/report')",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/individual",
"*ḥāḵām*": "wise/clever/shrewd/crafty"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.4",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ מַדּ֣וּעַ אַ֠תָּה כָּ֣כָה דַּ֤ל בֶּן־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בַּבֹּ֣קֶר בַּבֹּ֔קֶר הֲל֖וֹא תַּגִּ֣יד לִ֑י וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ אַמְנ֔וֹן אֶת־תָּמָ֗ר אֲח֛וֹת אַבְשָׁלֹ֥ם אָחִ֖י אֲנִ֥י אֹהֵֽב׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to-him: why you thus *dal* son-of-the-king in-the-morning in-the-morning? *hălôʾ* you-will-tell to-me? And *wayyōʾmer* to-him *ʾAmnôn*: *ʾeṯ*-*Tāmār* sister-of *ʾAvšālôm* brother-my I *ʾōhēḇ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and he said",
"*dal*": "adjective masculine singular - thin/weak/low/poor",
"*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - will not/is not",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾōhēḇ*": "Qal participle masculine singular of *ʾāhēḇ* - loving/am loving"
},
"variants": {
"*dal*": "thin/weak/low/wasting away/gaunt",
"*hălôʾ*": "will you not/will not/would not/should not",
"*ʾōhēḇ*": "love/am loving/have fallen in love with"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.5",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ יְה֣וֹנָדָ֔ב שְׁכַ֥ב עַל־מִשְׁכָּבְךָ֖ וְהִתְחָ֑ל וּבָ֧א אָבִ֣יךָ לִרְאוֹתֶ֗ךָ וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֵלָ֡יו תָּ֣בֹא נָא֩ תָמָ֨ר אֲחוֹתִ֜י וְתַבְרֵ֣נִי לֶ֗חֶם וְעָשְׂתָ֤ה לְעֵינַי֙ אֶת־הַבִּרְיָ֔ה לְמַ֙עַן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶרְאֶ֔ה וְאָכַלְתִּ֖י מִיָּדָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to-him *Yəhônāḏāḇ*: lie upon-*miškāḇḵā* and-*hiṯḥāl*; and-when-comes father-your to-see-you, and-*wəʾāmartā* to-him: let-come please *Tāmār* sister-my and-*ṯaḇrēnî* bread and-make to-eyes-my *ʾeṯ*-the-*biryāh* for-sake-of which I-will-see and-I-will-eat from-hand-her.",
"grammar": {
"*miškāḇḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your bed/couch",
"*hiṯḥāl*": "Hithpael imperative masculine singular of *ḥālâ* - make yourself sick/feign illness",
"*wəʾāmartā*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and you shall say",
"*ṯaḇrēnî*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix of *bārâ* - she will feed me/give me to eat",
"*biryāh*": "noun feminine singular - food/nourishment"
},
"variants": {
"*miškāḇḵā*": "your bed/couch/place of lying down",
"*hiṯḥāl*": "make yourself sick/feign illness/pretend to be ill",
"*ṯaḇrēnî*": "feed me/give me to eat/nourish me",
"*biryāh*": "food/meal/nourishment/special dish"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.6",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁכַּ֥ב אַמְנ֖וֹן וַיִּתְחָ֑ל וַיָּבֹ֨א הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לִרְאֹת֗וֹ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אַמְנ֤וֹן אֶל־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ תָּֽבוֹא־נָ֞א תָּמָ֣ר אֲחֹתִ֗י וּתְלַבֵּ֤ב לְעֵינַי֙ שְׁתֵּ֣י לְבִב֔וֹת וְאֶבְרֶ֖ה מִיָּדָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And *wayyiškaḇ* *ʾAmnôn* and *wayyiṯḥāl*; and *wayyāḇōʾ* the-king to-see-him, and *wayyōʾmer* *ʾAmnôn* to-the-king: let-come-please *Tāmār* sister-my and-*ṯəlabbēḇ* to-eyes-my two *ləḇiḇôṯ* and-I-will-eat from-hand-her.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiškaḇ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *šāḵaḇ* - and he lay down",
"*wayyiṯḥāl*": "waw-consecutive + Hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *ḥālâ* - and he made himself sick",
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *bôʾ* - and he came",
"*ṯəlabbēḇ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *lāḇaḇ* - she will make cakes/heart-shaped food",
"*ləḇiḇôṯ*": "noun feminine plural - cakes/heart-shaped food"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiškaḇ*": "and he lay down/reclined/went to bed",
"*wayyiṯḥāl*": "and he feigned illness/pretended to be sick/made himself ill",
"*ṯəlabbēḇ*": "make cakes/prepare heart-shaped food/make special bread",
"*ləḇiḇôṯ*": "cakes/heart-shaped food/special bread portions"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.7",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח דָּוִ֛ד אֶל־תָּמָ֖ר הַבַּ֣יְתָה לֵאמֹ֑ר לְכִ֣י נָ֗א בֵּ֚ית אַמְנ֣וֹן אָחִ֔יךְ וַעֲשִׂי־ל֖וֹ הַבִּרְיָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *Dāwid* to-*Tāmār* the-house-ward *lēʾmōr*: go please house-of *ʾAmnôn* brother-your and-make-for-him the-*biryāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *šālaḥ* - and he sent",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition *lə* + Qal infinitive construct of *ʾāmar* - to say/saying",
"*habaytāh*": "noun with definite article + directional *hē* suffix - to the house/homeward"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyišlaḥ*": "and he sent/dispatched/commissioned",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say"
}
}
8{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.8",
"source": "וַתֵּ֣לֶךְ תָּמָ֗ר בֵּ֛ית אַמְנ֥וֹן אָחִ֖יהָ וְה֣וּא שֹׁכֵ֑ב וַתִּקַּ֨ח אֶת־הַבָּצֵ֤ק *ותלוש **וַתָּ֙לָשׁ֙ וַתְּלַבֵּ֣ב לְעֵינָ֔יו וַתְּבַשֵּׁ֖ל אֶת־הַלְּבִבֽוֹת׃",
"text": "And *wattēleḵ* *Tāmār* house-of *ʾAmnôn* brother-her and-he *šōḵēḇ*; and-*wattiqqaḥ* *ʾeṯ*-the-*bāṣēq* and-*wattāloš* and-*wattəlabbēḇ* to-eyes-his and-*wattəḇaššēl* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ləḇiḇôt*.",
"grammar": {
"*wattēleḵ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *hālaḵ* - and she went",
"*šōḵēḇ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - lying down",
"*wattiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *lāqaḥ* - and she took",
"*bāṣēq*": "noun masculine singular - dough",
"*wattāloš*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *lûš* - and she kneaded",
"*wattəlabbēḇ*": "waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *lāḇaḇ* - and she made cakes",
"*wattəḇaššēl*": "waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *bāšal* - and she cooked/baked"
},
"variants": {
"*šōḵēḇ*": "lying down/reclining/in bed",
"*bāṣēq*": "dough/flour mixture",
"*wattāloš*": "and she kneaded/worked/mixed",
"*wattəḇaššēl*": "and she cooked/baked/prepared by heat"
}
}
9{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.9",
"source": "וַתִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הַמַּשְׂרֵת֙ וַתִּצֹ֣ק לְפָנָ֔יו וַיְמָאֵ֖ן לֶאֱכ֑וֹל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַמְנ֗וֹן הוֹצִ֤יאוּ כָל־אִישׁ֙ מֵֽעָלַ֔י וַיֵּצְא֥וּ כָל־אִ֖ישׁ מֵעָלָֽיו׃",
"text": "And *wattiqqaḥ* *ʾeṯ*-the-*maśrēṯ* and-*wattiṣōq* before-him, and-*wayəmāʾēn* to-eat; and-*wayyōʾmer* *ʾAmnôn*: take-out every-*ʾîš* from-upon-me, and-*wayyēṣəʾû* every-*ʾîš* from-upon-him.",
"grammar": {
"*wattiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *lāqaḥ* - and she took",
"*maśrēṯ*": "noun feminine singular - pan/cooking vessel",
"*wattiṣōq*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *yāṣaq* - and she poured out",
"*wayəmāʾēn*": "waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *māʾēn* - and he refused",
"*wayyēṣəʾû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd plural of *yāṣāʾ* - and they went out"
},
"variants": {
"*maśrēṯ*": "pan/cooking vessel/dish",
"*wattiṣōq*": "and she poured out/emptied/served",
"*wayəmāʾēn*": "and he refused/declined/was unwilling"
}
}
10{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.10",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אַמְנ֜וֹן אֶל־תָּמָ֗ר הָבִ֤יאִי הַבִּרְיָה֙ הַחֶדֶ֔ר וְאֶבְרֶ֖ה מִיָּדֵ֑ךְ וַתִּקַּ֣ח תָּמָ֗ר אֶת־הַלְּבִבוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔תָה וַתָּבֵ֛א לְאַמְנ֥וֹן אָחִ֖יהָ הֶחָֽדְרָה׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾAmnôn* to-*Tāmār*: bring the-*biryāh* the-chamber, and-I-will-eat from-hand-your; and-*wattiqqaḥ* *Tāmār* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ləḇiḇôṯ* which she-made, and-*wattāḇēʾ* to-*ʾAmnôn* brother-her the-chamber-ward.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and he said",
"*wattāḇēʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *bôʾ* - and she brought",
"*heḥādərāh*": "noun with definite article + directional *hē* suffix - to the chamber/inner room"
},
"variants": {
"*biryāh*": "food/meal/dish",
"*heḥādərāh*": "to the chamber/room/inner quarters"
}
}
11{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.11",
"source": "וַתַּגֵּ֥שׁ אֵלָ֖יו לֽ͏ֶאֱכֹ֑ל וַיַּֽחֲזֶק־בָּהּ֙ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָ֔הּ בּ֛וֹאִי שִׁכְבִ֥י עִמִּ֖י אֲחוֹתִֽי׃",
"text": "And *wattaggēš* to-him to-eat, and-*wayyaḥăzeq*-in-her and-*wayyōʾmer* to-her: come lie with-me sister-my.",
"grammar": {
"*wattaggēš*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *nāgaš* - and she brought near",
"*wayyaḥăzeq*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *ḥāzaq* - and he seized/took hold"
},
"variants": {
"*wattaggēš*": "and she brought near/served/presented",
"*wayyaḥăzeq*": "and he seized/grabbed/took hold strongly of"
}
}
12{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.12",
"source": "וַתֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ אַל־אָחִי֙ אַל־תְּעַנֵּ֔נִי כִּ֛י לֹא־יֽ͏ֵעָשֶׂ֥ה כֵ֖ן בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אַֽל־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה אֶת־הַנְּבָלָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת׃",
"text": "And *wattōʾmer* to-him: no, brother-my, do-not-*təʿannēnî*, because not-*yēʿāśeh* thus in-*Yiśrāʾēl*; do-not-do *ʾeṯ*-the-*nəḇālāh* the-this.",
"grammar": {
"*wattōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *ʾāmar* - and she said",
"*təʿannēnî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix of *ʿānâ* - you will force/violate me",
"*yēʿāśeh*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *ʿāśâ* - it is done/made",
"*nəḇālāh*": "noun feminine singular - disgraceful thing/folly/outrage"
},
"variants": {
"*təʿannēnî*": "force me/violate me/humble me/rape me",
"*yēʿāśeh*": "is done/should be done/ought to be done",
"*nəḇālāh*": "disgraceful thing/folly/outrage/wickedness"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.13",
"source": "וַאֲנִ֗י אָ֤נָה אוֹלִיךְ֙ אֶת־חֶרְפָּתִ֔י וְאַתָּ֗ה תִּהְיֶ֛ה כְּאַחַ֥ד הַנְּבָלִ֖ים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְעַתָּה֙ דַּבֶּר־נָ֣א אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יִמְנָעֵ֖נִי מִמֶּֽךָּ׃",
"text": "And-I, where shall-I-carry *ʾeṯ*-*ḥerpāṯî*, and-you will-be like-one-of the-*nəḇālîm* in-*Yiśrāʾēl*; and-now speak-please to-the-king, because not he-will-withhold-me from-you.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾōlîḵ*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular of *yālaḵ* - I will carry/lead/bring",
"*ḥerpāṯî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my shame/disgrace",
"*nəḇālîm*": "noun masculine plural - fools/disgraceful persons",
"*yimnāʿēnî*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix of *mānaʿ* - he will withhold me"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōlîḵ*": "I will carry/bear/take",
"*ḥerpāṯî*": "my shame/disgrace/reproach",
"*nəḇālîm*": "fools/disgraceful persons/scoundrels",
"*yimnāʿēnî*": "he will withhold me/refuse me/keep me from"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "2Samuel.13.14",
"source": "וְלֹ֥א אָבָ֖ה לִשְׁמֹ֣עַ בְּקוֹלָ֑הּ וַיֶּחֱזַ֤ק מִמֶּ֙נָּה֙ וַיְעַנֶּ֔הָ וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב אֹתָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And-not *ʾāḇāh* to-listen to-voice-her; and-*wayeḥĕzaq* from-her and-*wayəʿannehā* and-*wayyiškaḇ* *ʾōṯāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāḇāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he was willing/consented",
"*wayeḥĕzaq*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *ḥāzaq* - and he was stronger",
"*wayəʿannehā*": "waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix of *ʿānâ* - and he forced/violated her",
"*wayyiškaḇ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *šāḵaḇ* - and he lay with",
"*ʾōṯāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāḇāh*": "was willing/consented/agreed",
"*wayeḥĕzaq*": "and he was stronger/overpowered/prevailed",
"*wayəʿannehā*": "and he forced her/violated her/raped her",
"*wayyiškaḇ*": "and he lay with/had sexual relations with"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.13.15",
"source": "וַיִּשְׂנָאֶ֣הָ אַמְנ֗וֹן שִׂנְאָה֙ גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֔ד כִּ֣י גְדוֹלָ֗ה הַשִּׂנְאָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שְׂנֵאָ֔הּ מֵאַהֲבָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲהֵבָ֑הּ וַֽיֹּאמֶר־לָ֥הּ אַמְנ֖וֹן ק֥וּמִי לֵֽכִי׃",
"text": "*wə-yiśnāʾehā* *ʾAmnōn* *śinʾāh* *gədōlāh* *məʾōd* *kî* *gədōlāh* the-*śinʾāh* which *śənēʾāh* than-the-*ʾahăbāh* which *ʾăhēbāh* *wə-yōʾmer*-to-her *ʾAmnōn* *qûmî* *lēkî*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yiśnāʾehā*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular object suffix - and he hated her",
"*ʾAmnōn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amnon",
"*śinʾāh*": "feminine singular noun - hatred",
"*gədōlāh*": "feminine singular adjective - great",
"*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*gədōlāh*": "feminine singular adjective - great",
"*śinʾāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the hatred",
"*śənēʾāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular object suffix - he hated her",
"*ʾahăbāh*": "feminine singular noun with prefix מֵ (comparative) - than love",
"*ʾăhēbāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular object suffix - he loved her",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*qûmî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - arise",
"*lēkî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - go"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yiśnāʾehā*": "and he hated her/and he came to hate her",
"*śinʾāh*": "hatred/loathing/aversion",
"*məʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/greatly",
"*kî*": "for/because/that/when",
"*śənēʾāh*": "he hated her/he loathed her",
"*ʾahăbāh*": "love/affection",
"*ʾăhēbāh*": "he loved her/he desired her"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.13.16",
"source": "וַתֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ אַל־אוֹדֹ֞ת הָרָעָ֤ה הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את מֵאַחֶ֛רֶת אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂ֥יתָ עִמִּ֖י לְשַׁלְּחֵ֑נִי וְלֹ֥א אָבָ֖ה לִשְׁמֹ֥עַֽ לָֽהּ׃",
"text": "*wə-tōʾmer* to-him *ʾal*-*ʾôdōt* the-*rāʿāh* the-*gədôlāh* the-*zōʾt* from-*ʾaḥeret* which-*ʿāśîtā* with-me *lə-šalləḥēnî* *wə-lōʾ* *ʾābāh* *lišmōaʿ* to-her",
"grammar": {
"*wə-tōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she said",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not/no",
"*ʾôdōt*": "plural noun in construct state - concerning/about/causes",
"*rāʿāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the evil/wickedness/harm",
"*gədôlāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the great",
"*zōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this",
"*ʾaḥeret*": "feminine singular adjective with prefix מֵ - from other/another",
"*ʿāśîtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you did/made",
"*lə-šalləḥēnî*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct + 1st singular object suffix - to send me away",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*ʾābāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he was willing/he consented",
"*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to listen/to hear"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾal*-*ʾôdōt*": "do not cause/no reason for/concerning",
"*rāʿāh*": "evil/wickedness/calamity/misfortune/harm",
"*ʾaḥeret*": "other/another/different/following",
"*ʿāśîtā*": "you did/you made/you committed",
"*lə-šalləḥēnî*": "to send me away/to dismiss me/to drive me out",
"*ʾābāh*": "he was willing/he consented/he agreed"
}
}