2 Samuel 3:13

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.3.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ט֔וֹב אֲנִ֕י אֶכְרֹ֥ת אִתְּךָ֖ בְּרִ֑ית אַ֣ךְ דָּבָ֣ר אֶחָ֡ד אָנֹכִי֩ שֹׁאֵ֨ל מֵאִתְּךָ֤ לֵאמֹר֙ לֹא־תִרְאֶ֣ה אֶת־פָּנַ֔י כִּ֣י ׀ אִם־לִפְנֵ֣י הֱבִיאֲךָ֗ אֵ֚ת מִיכַ֣ל בַּת־שָׁא֔וּל בְּבֹאֲךָ֖ לִרְא֥וֹת אֶת־פָּנָֽי׃", "text": "*wayyō'mer* *ṭôb* *'ănî* *'ekrōt* with-you *berît* *'ak* *dābār* *'eḥād* *'ānōkî* *šō'ēl* from-with-you to-*lē'mōr* not-*tir'eh* *'et*-*pānay* for if-before *hăbî'ăkā* *'ēt* *mîkal* *bat*-*šā'ûl* in-*bō'ăkā* to-*lir'ôt* *'et*-*pānāy*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mer*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*'ănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st common singular - I", "*'ekrōt*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will cut/make", "*berît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant", "*'ak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/thing/matter", "*'eḥād*": "number, masculine singular - one", "*'ānōkî*": "personal pronoun, 1st common singular - I", "*šō'ēl*": "qal participle, masculine singular - asking/requesting", "*lē'mōr*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to say", "*tir'eh*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will see", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix with direct object marker - my face", "*hăbî'ăkā*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your bringing", "*mîkal*": "proper noun with direct object marker - Michal", "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*šā'ûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bō'ăkā*": "qal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition bet - in your coming", "*lir'ôt*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to see", "*pānāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix with direct object marker - my face" }, "variants": { "*ṭôb*": "good/well/it is good", "*'ekrōt berît*": "I will make a covenant/I will establish an agreement", "*tir'eh 'et-pānay*": "you will see my face (idiom for having an audience/meeting)", "*hăbî'ăkā*": "your bringing/when you bring", "*lir'ôt 'et-pānāy*": "to see my face (idiom for having an audience/meeting)" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ט֔וֹב אֲנִ֕י אֶכְרֹ֥ת אִתְּךָ֖ בְּרִ֑ית אַ֣ךְ דָּבָ֣ר אֶחָ֡ד אָנֹכִי֩ שֹׁאֵ֨ל מֵאִתְּךָ֤ לֵאמֹר֙ לֹא־תִרְאֶ֣ה אֶת־פָּנַ֔י כִּ֣י ׀ אִם־לִפְנֵ֣י הֱבִיאֲךָ֗ אֵ֚ת מִיכַ֣ל בַּת־שָׁא֔וּל בְּבֹאֲךָ֖ לִרְא֥וֹת אֶת־פָּנָֽי׃

Transliteration

wayyō'mer ṭôb 'ănî 'ekrōt with-you berît 'ak dābār 'eḥād 'ānōkî šō'ēl from-with-you to-lē'mōr not-tir'eh 'et-pānay for if-before hăbî'ăkā 'ēt mîkal bat-šā'ûl in-bō'ăkā to-lir'ôt 'et-pānāy

Grammar Details

• *wayyō'mer*: qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he said
• *ṭôb*: adjective, masculine singular - good
• *'ănî*: personal pronoun, 1st common singular - I
• *'ekrōt*: qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will cut/make
• *berît*: noun, feminine singular - covenant
• *'ak*: adverb - surely/only
• *dābār*: noun, masculine singular - word/thing/matter
• *'eḥād*: number, masculine singular - one
• *'ānōkî*: personal pronoun, 1st common singular - I
• *šō'ēl*: qal participle, masculine singular - asking/requesting
• *lē'mōr*: qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to say
• *tir'eh*: qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will see
• *pānay*: noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix with direct object marker - my face
• *hăbî'ăkā*: hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your bringing
• *mîkal*: proper noun with direct object marker - Michal
• *bat*: noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of
• *šā'ûl*: proper noun - Saul
• *bō'ăkā*: qal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition bet - in your coming
• *lir'ôt*: qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to see
• *pānāy*: noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix with direct object marker - my face

Word Meanings

• *ṭôb*: good/well/it is good
• *'ekrōt berît*: I will make a covenant/I will establish an agreement
• *tir'eh 'et-pānay*: you will see my face (idiom for having an audience/meeting)
• *hăbî'ăkā*: your bringing/when you bring
• *lir'ôt 'et-pānāy*: to see my face (idiom for having an audience/meeting)

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  'Good,' said David, 'I will make an agreement with you. But I demand one thing: Do not see my face unless you bring Michal, daughter of Saul, when you come to see me.'

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he said, Well; I will make a league with thee: but one thing I require of thee, that is, Thou shalt not see my face, except thou first bring Michal Saul's daughter, when thou comest to see my face.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And he said, Well; I will make a league with you. But one thing I require of you, and that is, You shall not see my face, except you first bring Michal, Saul's daughter, when you come to see my face.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And he said, Well; I will make a league with thee: but one thing I require of thee, that is, Thou shalt not see my face, except thou first bring Michal Saul's daughter, when thou comest to see my face.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he said, Well; I will make a league with thee; but one thing I require of thee: that is, thou shalt not see my face, except thou first bring Michal, Saul's daughter, when thou comest to see my face.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he said, Well; I will make a league with thee: but one thing I require of thee, that is, Thou shalt not see my face, except thou first bring Michal Saul's daughter, when thou comest to see my face.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  He sayde: Wel, I wyll make a couenaunt with the, but one thynge I desyre of the, that thou se not my face, excepte thou brynge me first Michol Sauls doughter, whan thou commest to se my face.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Who saide, Well, I will make a couenant with thee: but one thing I require of thee, that is, that thou see not my face except thou bring Michal Sauls daughter when thou commest to see me.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  He sayde: Well, I will make a bonde with the: But one thing I require of thee, that is, that thou see not my face, except thou first bring Michol Sauls daughter, when thou comest to see me.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And he said, Well; I will make a league with thee: but one thing I require of thee, that is, Thou shalt not see my face, except thou first bring Michal Saul's daughter, when thou comest to see my face.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He said, Well; I will make a league with you; but one thing I require of you: that is, you shall not see my face, except you first bring Michal, Saul's daughter, when you come to see my face.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And he saith, `Good -- I make with thee a covenant; only, one thing I am asking of thee, that is, Thou dost not see my face, except thou dost first bring in Michal, daughter of Saul in thy coming into see my face.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he said, Well; I will make a league with thee; but one thing I require of thee: that is, thou shalt not see my face, except thou first bring Michal, Saul's daughter, when thou comest to see my face.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he said, Well; I will make a league with thee; but one thing I require of thee: that is, thou shalt not see my face, except thou first bring Michal, Saul's daughter, when thou comest to see my face.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And he said, It is well; I will make an agreement with you, but on one condition, which is, that when you come before me, Saul's daughter Michal is to come with you; till she comes you will not see my face.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He said, "Good; I will make a treaty with you; but one thing I require of you. That is, you shall not see my face, unless you first bring Michal, Saul's daughter, when you come to see my face."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So David said,“Good! I will make an agreement with you. I ask only one thing from you. You will not see my face unless you bring Saul’s daughter Michal when you come to visit me.”

Referenced Verses

• Gen 43:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.43.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר אֵלָ֛יו יְהוּדָ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר הָעֵ֣ד הֵעִד֩ בָּ֨נוּ הָאִ֤ישׁ לֵאמֹר֙ לֹֽא־תִרְא֣וּ פָנַ֔י בִּלְתִּ֖י אֲחִיכֶ֥ם אִתְּכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to him *yəhûdâ* *lēʾmōr*: *hāʿēd hēʿid* in us the *ʾîš* *lēʾmōr*: not-*tirʾû* my *pānay* *biltî* your *ʾăḥîkem* with you", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hāʿēd hēʿid*": "hiphil infinitive absolute + hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - strongly warned/solemnly warned", "*bānû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - in us/against us", "*hāʾîš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lōʾ-tirʾû*": "negative particle + qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall not see", "*pānay*": "masculine plural noun construct + 1st person singular suffix - my face", "*biltî*": "conjunction/preposition - without/except", "*ʾăḥîkem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your brother", "*ʾittəkem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - with you" }, "variants": { "*hāʿēd hēʿid*": "solemnly warned/strongly admonished/earnestly testified", "*bānû*": "against us/among us/in us", "*pānay*": "my face/my presence", "*biltî*": "without/except/unless" } }
• Gen 44:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Genesis.44.23", "source": "וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֔יךָ אִם־לֹ֥א יֵרֵ֛ד אֲחִיכֶ֥ם הַקָּטֹ֖ן אִתְּכֶ֑ם לֹ֥א תֹסִפ֖וּן לִרְא֥וֹת פָּנָֽי׃", "text": "And *wattōʾmer* to *ʾel*-your servants *ʿăbādeykā* if *ʾim*-not *lōʾ* comes down *yērēd* your brother *ʾăḥîkem* the *haqqāṭōn* with you *ʾittəkem* not *lōʾ* you shall continue *tōsîpûn* to see *lirʾôt* my face *pānāy*", "grammar": { "*wattōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you said", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʿăbādeykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servants", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yērēd*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - comes down", "*ʾăḥîkem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your brother", "*haqqāṭōn*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the youngest", "*ʾittəkem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tōsîpûn*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural + paragogic nun - you shall continue", "*lirʾôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to see", "*pānāy*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my face" }, "variants": { "*wattōʾmer*": "and you said/and you told", "*ʿăbādeykā*": "your servants/your slaves", "*yērēd*": "comes down/descends", "*ʾăḥîkem haqqāṭōn*": "your youngest brother/your little brother", "*tōsîpûn*": "you shall continue/you shall add/you shall do again", "*lirʾôt pānāy*": "to see my face/to appear before me/to be in my presence" } }
• Gen 44:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Genesis.44.26", "source": "וַנֹּ֕אמֶר לֹ֥א נוּכַ֖ל לָרֶ֑דֶת אִם־יֵשׁ֩ אָחִ֨ינוּ הַקָּטֹ֤ן אִתָּ֙נוּ֙ וְיָרַ֔דְנוּ כִּי־לֹ֣א נוּכַ֗ל לִרְאוֹת֙ פְּנֵ֣י הָאִ֔ישׁ וְאָחִ֥ינוּ הַקָּטֹ֖ן אֵינֶ֥נּוּ אִתָּֽנוּ׃", "text": "And *wannōʾmer* not *lōʾ* we can *nûkal* go down *lāredet* if *ʾim*-is *yēš* our brother *ʾāḥînû* the *haqqāṭōn* with us *ʾittānû* then we will go down *wəyāradnû* for *kî*-not *lōʾ* we can *nûkal* see *lirʾôt* the face of *pənê* the *hāʾîš* and our brother *wəʾāḥînû* the *haqqāṭōn* is not *ʾênennû* with us *ʾittānû*", "grammar": { "*wannōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - and we said", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nûkal*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - we can", "*lāredet*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to go down", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*yēš*": "existential particle - there is", "*ʾāḥînû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person common plural suffix - our brother", "*haqqāṭōn*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the youngest", "*ʾittānû*": "preposition with 1st person common plural suffix - with us", "*wəyāradnû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 1st person common plural - then we will go down", "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nûkal*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - we can", "*lirʾôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to see", "*pənê*": "masculine plural construct - face of", "*hāʾîš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man", "*wəʾāḥînû*": "waw-conjunction + masculine singular noun with 1st person common plural suffix - and our brother", "*haqqāṭōn*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the youngest", "*ʾênennû*": "negative particle with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he is not", "*ʾittānû*": "preposition with 1st person common plural suffix - with us" }, "variants": { "*nûkal*": "we can/we are able/we could", "*lāredet*": "to go down/to descend/to travel", "*ʾāḥînû haqqāṭōn*": "our youngest brother/our little brother", "*wəyāradnû*": "then we will go down/we will go down/then we will travel", "*lirʾôt pənê*": "to see the face of/to appear before/to be in the presence of", "*hāʾîš*": "the man/the person", "*ʾênennû*": "he is not/is not" } }
• 1 Sam 18:20-28 : 20 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.20", "source": "וַתֶּאֱהַ֛ב מִיכַ֥ל בַּת־שָׁא֖וּל אֶת־דָּוִ֑ד וַיַּגִּ֣דוּ לְשָׁא֔וּל וַיִּשַׁ֥ר הַדָּבָ֖ר בְּעֵינָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wa-tteʾĕhab* *Mîkal* *bat*-*Šāʾûl* *ʾet*-*Dāwid*, and *wa-yaggidû* to *Šāʾûl*, and *wa-yîšar* the *dābār* in *ʿênāyw*.", "grammar": { "*wa-tteʾĕhab*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3fs - and she loved", "*Mîkal*": "proper noun - Michal", "*bat-Šāʾûl*": "feminine singular construct + proper noun - daughter of Saul", "*ʾet-Dāwid*": "direct object marker + proper noun - David", "*wa-yaggidû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they told", "*lə-Šāʾûl*": "preposition + proper noun - to Saul", "*wa-yîšar*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and it was right/pleasing", "*ha-dābār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the matter/thing", "*bə-ʿênāyw*": "preposition + feminine dual noun + 3ms suffix - in his eyes" }, "variants": { "*ʾāhēb*": "love/have affection for", "*bat*": "daughter", "*nāgad*": "tell/report/inform", "*yāšar*": "be right/pleasing/straight", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter", "*ʿayin*": "eye/sight/appearance" } } 21 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.21", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶתְּנֶ֤נָּה לּוֹ֙ וּתְהִי־ל֣וֹ לְמוֹקֵ֔שׁ וּתְהִי־ב֖וֹ יַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד בִּשְׁתַּ֛יִם תִּתְחַתֵּ֥ן בִּ֖י הַיּֽוֹם׃", "text": "And *wa-yōʾmer* *Šāʾûl*, I will *ʾettənennâ* to him, and *təhî*-to him for *môqēš*, and *təhî*-against him *yad*-*pəlištîm*. And *wa-yōʾmer* *Šāʾûl* to *Dāwid*, in *šətayim* you shall *titḥattēn* with me *ha-yôm*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and he said", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾettənennâ*": "qal imperfect, 1cs + 3fs suffix - I will give her", "*lô*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - to him", "*û-təhî-lô*": "conjunction + qal jussive, 3fs + preposition + 3ms suffix - and let her be to him", "*lə-môqēš*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for a snare/trap", "*û-təhî-bô*": "conjunction + qal jussive, 3fs + preposition + 3ms suffix - and let it be against him", "*yad-pəlištîm*": "feminine singular construct + proper noun - the hand of the Philistines", "*ʾel-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*bi-šətayim*": "preposition + feminine dual numeral - with two/twice", "*titḥattēn*": "hithpael imperfect, 2ms - you will become related by marriage", "*bî*": "preposition + 1cs suffix - with me", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - today/this day" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/think", "*nātan*": "give/place/put", "*hāyâ*": "be/become/happen", "*môqēš*": "snare/trap/bait", "*yād*": "hand/power/control", "*pəlištîm*": "Philistines", "*šətayim*": "two/twice/second time", "*ḥātan*": "become related by marriage/become a son-in-law", "*yôm*": "day/time/today" } } 22 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.22", "source": "וַיְצַ֨ו שָׁא֜וּל אֶת־עֲבָדָ֗ו דַּבְּר֨וּ אֶל־דָּוִ֤ד בַּלָּט֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֨ה חָפֵ֤ץ בְּךָ֙ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְכָל־עֲבָדָ֖יו אֲהֵב֑וּךָ וְעַתָּ֖ה הִתְחַתֵּ֥ן בַּמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "And *wa-yəṣaw* *Šāʾûl* *ʾet*-his *ʿăbādāw*, *dabbərû* to *Dāwid* in *lāṭ* saying, *hinnê* *ḥāpēṣ* in you the *melek*, and all-his *ʿăbādāyw* *ʾăhēbûkā*; and now *hitḥattēn* with the *melek*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yəṣaw*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3ms - and he commanded", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾet-ʿăbādāw*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - his servants", "*dabbərû*": "piel imperative, 2mp - speak", "*ʾel-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*ba-llāṭ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - privately/secretly", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hinnê*": "interjection - behold", "*ḥāpēṣ*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he delights", "*bəkā*": "preposition + 2ms suffix - in you", "*ha-melek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*wə-kol-ʿăbādāyw*": "conjunction + noun construct + masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - and all his servants", "*ʾăhēbûkā*": "qal perfect, 3cp + 2ms suffix - they love you", "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*hitḥattēn*": "hithpael imperative, 2ms - become related by marriage", "*ba-melek*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - with the king" }, "variants": { "*ṣāwâ*": "command/order/instruct", "*ʿebed*": "servant/slave/official", "*dibbēr*": "speak/talk/promise", "*lāṭ*": "secrecy/privacy", "*ḥāpēṣ*": "delight in/desire/please", "*ʾāhēb*": "love/like/be fond of", "*ḥātan*": "become related by marriage/become a son-in-law", "*melek*": "king/ruler" } } 23 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.23", "source": "וַֽיְדַבְּר֞וּ עַבְדֵ֤י שָׁאוּל֙ בְּאָזְנֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֗ד הַֽנְקַלָּ֤ה בְעֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ הִתְחַתֵּ֣ן בַּמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאָנֹכִ֖י אִֽישׁ־רָ֥שׁ וְנִקְלֶֽה׃", "text": "And *wa-yədabbərû* *ʿabdê* *Šāʾûl* in *ʾoznê* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-the *dəbārîm* the *ʾēlleh*. And *wa-yōʾmer* *Dāwid*, Is it *ha-nəqallâ* in *ʿênêkem* to *hitḥattēn* with the *melek*, and *ʾānōkî* *ʾîš*-*rāš* and *niqleh*?", "grammar": { "*wa-yədabbərû*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3mp - and they spoke", "*ʿabdê*": "masculine plural construct - servants of", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bə-ʾoznê*": "preposition + feminine dual construct - in the ears of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾet-ha-dəbārîm*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine plural noun - the words", "*ha-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective - these", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and he said", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ha-nəqallâ*": "interrogative particle + niphal perfect, 3fs - is it a light thing", "*bə-ʿênêkem*": "preposition + feminine dual noun + 2mp suffix - in your eyes", "*hitḥattēn*": "hithpael infinitive construct - to become related by marriage", "*ba-melek*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - with the king", "*wə-ʾānōkî*": "conjunction + 1cs pronoun - and I", "*ʾîš-rāš*": "masculine singular construct + masculine singular adjective - a poor man", "*wə-niqleh*": "conjunction + niphal participle, masculine singular - and lightly esteemed" }, "variants": { "*dibbēr*": "speak/talk/tell", "*ʿebed*": "servant/slave/official", "*ʾōzen*": "ear/hearing", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter", "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell", "*qālal*": "be light/of little account/insignificant", "*ʿayin*": "eye/sight/appearance", "*ḥātan*": "become related by marriage/become a son-in-law", "*melek*": "king/ruler", "*ʾîš*": "man/husband/person", "*rāš*": "poor/needy/lacking", "*qālâ*": "be lightly esteemed/dishonored/of little value" } } 24 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.24", "source": "וַיַּגִּ֜דוּ עַבְדֵ֥י שָׁא֛וּל ל֖וֹ לֵאמֹ֑ר כַּדְּבָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה דִּבֶּ֥ר דָּוִֽד׃", "text": "And *wa-yaggidû* *ʿabdê* *Šāʾûl* to him *lēʾmōr*, like the *dəbārîm* the *ʾēlleh* *dibbēr* *Dāwid*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yaggidû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they told", "*ʿabdê*": "masculine plural construct - servants of", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*lô*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - to him", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ka-ddəbārîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - like the words", "*ha-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective - these", "*dibbēr*": "piel perfect, 3ms - spoke", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David" }, "variants": { "*nāgad*": "tell/report/inform", "*ʿebed*": "servant/slave/official", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter", "*dibbēr*": "speak/say/talk" } } 25 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.25", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל כֹּֽה־תֹאמְר֣וּ לְדָוִ֗ד אֵֽין־חֵ֤פֶץ לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בְּמֹ֔הַר כִּ֗י בְּמֵאָה֙ עָרְל֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם בְּאֹיְבֵ֣י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְשָׁא֣וּל חָשַׁ֔ב לְהַפִּ֥יל אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד בְּיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wa-yōʾmer* *Šāʾûl*, thus-*tōʾmərû* to *Dāwid*, there is no-*ḥēpeṣ* to the *melek* in *mōhar*, but in *mēʾâ* *ʿorlôt* *pəlištîm*, to *hinnāqēm* in *ʾōyəbê* the *melek*. And *Šāʾûl* *ḥāšab* to *happîl* *ʾet*-*Dāwid* by *yad*-*pəlištîm*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and he said", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*kōh-tōʾmərû*": "adverb + qal imperfect, 2mp - thus you shall say", "*lə-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "negative particle + masculine singular noun - there is no pleasure/desire", "*la-melek*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the king", "*bə-mōhar*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in bride price", "*kî*": "conjunction - but/except", "*bə-mēʾâ*": "preposition + feminine singular numeral - in a hundred", "*ʿorlôt*": "feminine plural construct - foreskins of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun - Philistines", "*lə-hinnāqēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to be avenged", "*bə-ʾōyəbê*": "preposition + qal participle, masculine plural construct - on the enemies of", "*ha-melek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*wə-Šāʾûl*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Saul", "*ḥāšab*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he thought/planned", "*lə-happîl*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to fall", "*ʾet-Dāwid*": "direct object marker + proper noun - David", "*bə-yad-pəlištîm*": "preposition + feminine singular construct + proper noun - by the hand of the Philistines" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell", "*ḥēpeṣ*": "delight/pleasure/desire", "*melek*": "king/ruler", "*mōhar*": "bride price/dowry", "*ʿorlâ*": "foreskin", "*nāqam*": "avenge/take vengeance", "*ʾōyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*ḥāšab*": "think/plan/devise", "*nāpal*": "fall/be killed/die", "*yād*": "hand/power" } } 26 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.26", "source": "וַיַּגִּ֨דוּ עֲבָדָ֤יו לְדָוִד֙ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה וַיִּשַׁ֤ר הַדָּבָר֙ בְּעֵינֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן בַּמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְלֹ֥א מָלְא֖וּ הַיָּמִֽים׃", "text": "And *wa-yaggidû* his *ʿăbādāyw* to *Dāwid* *ʾet*-the *dəbārîm* the *ʾēlleh*; and *wa-yîšar* the *dābār* in *ʿênê* *Dāwid* to *hitḥattēn* with the *melek*. And *lōʾ* *mālʾû* the *yāmîm*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yaggidû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they told", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - his servants", "*lə-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*ʾet-ha-dəbārîm*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine plural noun - the words", "*ha-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective - these", "*wa-yîšar*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and it was pleasing", "*ha-dābār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the matter", "*bə-ʿênê*": "preposition + feminine dual construct - in the eyes of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*lə-hitḥattēn*": "preposition + hithpael infinitive construct - to become related by marriage", "*ba-melek*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - with the king", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*mālʾû*": "qal perfect, 3cp - they were fulfilled/completed", "*ha-yāmîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the days" }, "variants": { "*nāgad*": "tell/report/inform", "*ʿebed*": "servant/slave/official", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter", "*yāšar*": "be right/pleasing/good", "*ʿayin*": "eye/sight/approval", "*ḥātan*": "become related by marriage/become a son-in-law", "*melek*": "king/ruler", "*mālēʾ*": "be full/fulfill/complete", "*yôm*": "day/time" } } 27 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.27", "source": "וַיָּ֨קָם דָּוִ֜ד וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ ׀ ה֣וּא וַאֲנָשָׁ֗יו וַיַּ֣ךְ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים֮ מָאתַ֣יִם אִישׁ֒ וַיָּבֵ֤א דָוִד֙ אֶת־עָרְלֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם וַיְמַלְא֣וּם לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן בַּמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ שָׁא֛וּל אֶת־מִיכַ֥ל בִּתּ֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "And *wa-yāqom* *Dāwid* and *wa-yēlek* he and his *ʾănāšāyw*, and *wa-yak* in the *pəlištîm* *māʾtayim* *ʾîš*. And *wa-yābēʾ* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-their *ʿorlōtêhem*, and *wa-yəmalʾûm* to the *melek*, to *hitḥattēn* with the *melek*. And *wa-yittēn*-to him *Šāʾûl* *ʾet*-*Mîkal* his *bittô* to *ʾiššâ*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yāqom*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and he arose", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*wa-yēlek*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and he went", "*hû*": "3ms pronoun - he", "*wa-ʾănāšāyw*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - and his men", "*wa-yak*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3ms - and he struck", "*ba-pəlištîm*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - among the Philistines", "*māʾtayim*": "masculine dual numeral - two hundred", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - men", "*wa-yābēʾ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3ms - and he brought", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾet-ʿorlōtêhem*": "direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 3mp suffix - their foreskins", "*wa-yəmalʾûm*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3mp + 3mp suffix - and they filled them/delivered in full number", "*la-melek*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the king", "*lə-hitḥattēn*": "preposition + hithpael infinitive construct - to become related by marriage", "*ba-melek*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - with the king", "*wa-yittēn-lô*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms + preposition + 3ms suffix - and he gave to him", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾet-Mîkal*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Michal", "*bittô*": "feminine singular noun + 3ms suffix - his daughter", "*lə-ʾiššâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - for a wife" }, "variants": { "*qûm*": "arise/stand up/go forth", "*hālak*": "go/walk/depart", "*ʾîš*": "man/husband/person", "*nākâ*": "strike/kill/defeat", "*pəlištîm*": "Philistines", "*bôʾ*": "bring/carry/lead", "*ʿorlâ*": "foreskin", "*mālēʾ*": "fill/complete/deliver in full", "*ḥātan*": "become related by marriage/become a son-in-law", "*melek*": "king/ruler", "*nātan*": "give/place/put", "*bat*": "daughter", "*ʾiššâ*": "woman/wife" } } 28 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.28", "source": "וַיַּ֤רְא שָׁאוּל֙ וַיֵּ֔דַע כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה עִם־דָּוִ֑ד וּמִיכַ֥ל בַּת־שָׁא֖וּל אַהֵבַֽתְהוּ׃", "text": "And *wa-yarʾ* *Šāʾûl* and *wa-yēdaʿ* that *YHWH* with-*Dāwid*; and *Mîkal* *bat*-*Šāʾûl* *ʾăhēbatᵉhû*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yarʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and he saw", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*wa-yēdaʿ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and he knew", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʿim-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - with David", "*Mîkal*": "proper noun - Michal", "*bat-Šāʾûl*": "feminine singular construct + proper noun - daughter of Saul", "*ʾăhēbatᵉhû*": "qal perfect, 3fs + 3ms suffix - she loved him" }, "variants": { "*rāʾâ*": "see/observe/perceive", "*yādaʿ*": "know/understand/recognize", "*bat*": "daughter", "*ʾāhēb*": "love/have affection for" } }
• 1 Sam 19:11-17 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.11", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ שָׁא֨וּל מַלְאָכִ֜ים אֶל־בֵּ֤ית דָּוִד֙ לְשָׁמְר֔וֹ וְלַהֲמִית֖וֹ בַּבֹּ֑קֶר וַתַּגֵּ֣ד לְדָוִ֗ד מִיכַ֤ל אִשְׁתּוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אִם־אֵ֨ינְךָ֜ מְמַלֵּ֤ט אֶֽת־נַפְשְׁךָ֙ הַלַּ֔יְלָה מָחָ֖ר אַתָּ֥ה מוּמָֽת׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *Šāʾûl* *malʾāḵîm* to the *bêṯ* of *Dāwid* to *lešāmrô* and to *laḥămîṯô* in the *babbōqer*. And *wattaggēḏ* to *Dāwid* *Mîḵal* his *ʾištô* *lēʾmōr*, \"If *ʾêneḵā* *memalēṭ* *ʾeṯ*-your *nap̄šeḵā* *hallaylāh*, tomorrow you *mûmāṯ*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he sent'", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Saul'", "*malʾāḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'messengers'", "*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'house of'", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'David'", "*lešāmrô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to watch him'", "*laḥămîṯô*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to kill him'", "*babbōqer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'in the morning'", "*wattaggēḏ*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'and she told'", "*Mîḵal*": "proper noun, feminine singular - 'Michal'", "*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his wife'", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'saying'", "*ʾêneḵā*": "particle of negation with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'you are not'", "*memalēṭ*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - 'saving/delivering'", "*nap̄šeḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your life/soul'", "*hallaylāh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'the night'", "*mûmāṯ*": "Hophal participle, masculine singular - 'put to death'" }, "variants": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*malʾāḵîm*": "messengers/agents/men", "*lešāmrô*": "to watch him/to guard him/to observe him", "*laḥămîṯô*": "to kill him/to execute him/to put him to death", "*wattaggēḏ*": "told/informed/warned", "*memalēṭ*": "save/rescue/deliver", "*nap̄šeḵā*": "your life/your soul/yourself", "*mûmāṯ*": "put to death/executed/killed" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.12", "source": "וַתֹּ֧רֶד מִיכַ֛ל אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד בְּעַ֣ד הַחַלּ֑וֹן וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ וַיִּבְרַ֖ח וַיִּמָּלֵֽט׃", "text": "And *wattōreḏ* *Mîḵal* *ʾeṯ*-*Dāwid* through the *beʿaḏ* *haḥallôn*; and *wayyēleḵ* and *wayyiḇraḥ* and *wayyimmālēṭ*.", "grammar": { "*wattōreḏ*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'and she let down'", "*Mîḵal*": "proper noun, feminine singular - 'Michal'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'David'", "*beʿaḏ*": "preposition - 'through'", "*haḥallôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'the window'", "*wayyēleḵ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he went'", "*wayyiḇraḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he fled'", "*wayyimmālēṭ*": "waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he escaped'" }, "variants": { "*wattōreḏ*": "let down/lowered", "*beʿaḏ*": "through/out of", "*wayyēleḵ*": "went/departed", "*wayyiḇraḥ*": "fled/ran away", "*wayyimmālēṭ*": "escaped/was delivered/got away safely" } } 13 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.13", "source": "וַתִּקַּ֨ח מִיכַ֜ל אֶת־הַתְּרָפִ֗ים וַתָּ֙שֶׂם֙ אֶל־הַמִּטָּ֔ה וְאֵת֙ כְּבִ֣יר הָֽעִזִּ֔ים שָׂ֖מָה מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֑יו וַתְּכַ֖ס בַּבָּֽגֶד׃", "text": "And *wattiqqaḥ* *Mîḵal* *ʾeṯ*-the *hatterāp̄îm* and *wattāśem* to the *hammittāh*; and *weʾēṯ* a *keḇîr* of the *hāʿizzîm* *śāmāh* as his *meraʾăšōṯāyw*; and *watteḵas* with the *babbāḡeḏ*.", "grammar": { "*wattiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'and she took'", "*Mîḵal*": "proper noun, feminine singular - 'Michal'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hatterāp̄îm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'the household idol/image'", "*wattāśem*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'and she placed'", "*hammittāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'the bed'", "*weʾēṯ*": "waw-conjunction + direct object marker", "*keḇîr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'quilt/net/covering'", "*hāʿizzîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - 'the goats'", "*śāmāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'she placed'", "*meraʾăšōṯāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his head place'", "*watteḵas*": "waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'and she covered'", "*babbāḡeḏ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'with the garment/cloth'" }, "variants": { "*hatterāp̄îm*": "household idol/image/figure", "*keḇîr*": "quilt/mat/pillow/mesh", "*hāʿizzîm*": "goats/goat's hair", "*meraʾăšōṯāyw*": "his head area/his pillow/where his head would be", "*babbāḡeḏ*": "with the garment/with the clothing/with the cloth" } } 14 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.14", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח שָׁא֛וּל מַלְאָכִ֖ים לָקַ֣חַת אֶת־דָּוִ֑ד וַתֹּ֖אמֶר חֹלֶ֥ה הֽוּא׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *Šāʾûl* *malʾāḵîm* to *lāqaḥaṯ* *ʾeṯ*-*Dāwid*; and *wattōʾmer*, \"*ḥōleh* he.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he sent'", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Saul'", "*malʾāḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'messengers'", "*lāqaḥaṯ*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to take'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'David'", "*wattōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'and she said'", "*ḥōleh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - 'sick/ill'" }, "variants": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*malʾāḵîm*": "messengers/agents/men", "*lāqaḥaṯ*": "to take/to seize/to arrest", "*ḥōleh*": "sick/ill/unwell" } } 15 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.15", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים לִרְא֥וֹת אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר הַעֲל֨וּ אֹת֧וֹ בַמִּטָּ֛ה אֵלַ֖י לַהֲמִתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *Šāʾûl* *ʾeṯ*-the *hammalʾāḵîm* to *lirʾôṯ* *ʾeṯ*-*Dāwid* *lēʾmōr*, \"*Haʿălû* him in the *ḇammittāh* to me to *laḥămîṯô*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he sent'", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Saul'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hammalʾāḵîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'the messengers'", "*lirʾôṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'to see'", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'David'", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'saying'", "*Haʿălû*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - 'bring up'", "*ḇammittāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'in the bed'", "*laḥămîṯô*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to kill him'" }, "variants": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*lirʾôṯ*": "to see/to check on/to inspect", "*Haʿălû*": "bring up/carry up/take up", "*laḥămîṯô*": "to kill him/to execute him/to put him to death" } } 16 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.16", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים וְהִנֵּ֥ה הַתְּרָפִ֖ים אֶל־הַמִּטָּ֑ה וּכְבִ֥יר הָעִזִּ֖ים מְרַאֲשֹׁתָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wayyāḇōʾû* the *hammalʾāḵîm*, and *wehinnēh* the *hatterāp̄îm* on the *hammittāh*, and the *ûḵeḇîr* of the *hāʿizzîm* as his *meraʾăšōṯāyw*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - 'and they came'", "*hammalʾāḵîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'the messengers'", "*wehinnēh*": "waw-conjunction + interjection - 'and behold'", "*hatterāp̄îm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'the household idol/image'", "*hammittāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'the bed'", "*ûḵeḇîr*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - 'and a quilt/covering of'", "*hāʿizzîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - 'the goats'", "*meraʾăšōṯāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his head place'" }, "variants": { "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "came/entered/arrived", "*wehinnēh*": "and behold/and look/and there was", "*hatterāp̄îm*": "household idol/image/figure", "*ûḵeḇîr*": "quilt/mat/pillow/mesh", "*meraʾăšōṯāyw*": "his head area/his pillow/where his head would be" } } 17 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.17", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־מִיכַ֗ל לָ֤מָּה כָּ֙כָה֙ רִמִּיתִ֔נִי וַתְּשַׁלְּחִ֥י אֶת־אֹיְבִ֖י וַיִּמָּלֵ֑ט וַתֹּ֤אמֶר מִיכַל֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל הוּא־אָמַ֥ר אֵלַ֛י שַׁלְּחִ֖נִי לָמָ֥ה אֲמִיתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *Šāʾûl* to *Mîḵal*, \"*lāmmāh* thus *rimmîṯînî* and *wattešalleḥî* *ʾeṯ*-my *ʾōyḇî* and *wayyimmālēṭ*?\" And *wattōʾmer* *Mîḵal* to *Šāʾûl*, \"He *ʾāmar* to me, '*šalleḥînî* *lāmmāh* *ʾămîṯēḵ*?'\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Saul'", "*Mîḵal*": "proper noun, feminine singular - 'Michal'", "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative - 'why'", "*rimmîṯînî*": "Piel perfect, 2nd feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'you have deceived me'", "*wattešalleḥî*": "waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'and you sent away'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾōyḇî*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my enemy'", "*wayyimmālēṭ*": "waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he escaped'", "*wattōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'and she said'", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he said'", "*šalleḥînî*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'send me away'", "*ʾămîṯēḵ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'I will kill you'" }, "variants": { "*rimmîṯînî*": "deceived me/tricked me/betrayed me", "*wattešalleḥî*": "sent away/let go/released", "*ʾōyḇî*": "my enemy/my adversary/my foe", "*wayyimmālēṭ*": "escaped/got away/fled", "*šalleḥînî*": "let me go/send me away/release me", "*ʾămîṯēḵ*": "I will kill you/I will put you to death" } }
• 2 Sam 3:20-23 : 20 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.3.20", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֨א אַבְנֵ֤ר אֶל־דָּוִד֙ חֶבְר֔וֹן וְאִתּ֖וֹ עֶשְׂרִ֣ים אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וַיַּ֨עַשׂ דָּוִ֧ד לְאַבְנֵ֛ר וְלַאֲנָשִׁ֥ים אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֖וֹ מִשְׁתֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *wə-yābōʾ* *ʾabnēr* to-*dāwid* *ḥebrôn* and-with-him *ʿeśrîm* *ʾănāšîm* and *wə-yaʿaś* *dāwid* for-*ʾabnēr* and-for-*ʾănāšîm* which-with-him *mišteh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun - Abner", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ḥebrôn*": "proper noun - Hebron", "*ʿeśrîm*": "number - twenty", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*wə-yaʿaś*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he made/prepared", "*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun - Abner", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*mišteh*": "noun, masculine singular - feast/banquet/drinking party" }, "variants": { "*mišteh*": "feast/banquet/drinking party/meal" } } 21 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.3.21", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְנֵ֣ר אֶל־דָּוִ֡ד אָק֣וּמָה ׀ וְֽאֵלֵ֡כָה וְאֶקְבְּצָה֩ אֶל־אֲדֹנִ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְיִכְרְת֤וּ אִתְּךָ֙ בְּרִ֔ית וּמָ֣לַכְתָּ֔ בְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־תְּאַוֶּ֖ה נַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ וַיְּשַׁלַּ֥ח דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־אַבְנֵ֖ר וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *ʾabnēr* to-*dāwid* *ʾāqûmāh* and *wə-ʾēlēkāh* and *wə-ʾeqbəṣāh* to-*ʾădōnî* the-*melek* *ʾet*-all-*yiśrāʾēl* and *wə-yikrətû* with-you *bərît* and *û-mālaktā* in-all which-*təʾawweh* *napšekā* and *wə-yəšallaḥ* *dāwid* *ʾet*-*ʾabnēr* and *wə-yēlek* in-*šālôm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun - Abner", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾāqûmāh*": "qal imperfect cohortative, 1st singular - let me arise/I will arise", "*wə-ʾēlēkāh*": "waw conjunction + qal imperfect cohortative, 1st singular - and let me go/and I will go", "*wə-ʾeqbəṣāh*": "waw conjunction + qal imperfect cohortative, 1st singular - and let me gather/and I will gather", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my lord", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-yikrətû*": "waw conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will make/cut", "*bərît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant", "*û-mālaktā*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you will reign/rule", "*təʾawweh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it desires", "*napšekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your soul", "*wə-yəšallaḥ*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent away", "*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun - Abner", "*wə-yēlek*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/completeness/welfare" }, "variants": { "*ʾāqûmāh wə-ʾēlēkāh wə-ʾeqbəṣāh*": "cohortative forms expressing intention/resolve/request", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty/alliance", "*təʾawweh napšekā*": "your soul desires/you desire/you want", "*šālôm*": "peace/safety/welfare/completeness/soundness" } } 22 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.3.22", "source": "וְהִנֵּה֩ עַבְדֵ֨י דָוִ֤ד וְיוֹאָב֙ בָּ֣א מֵֽהַגְּד֔וּד וְשָׁלָ֥ל רָ֖ב עִמָּ֣ם הֵבִ֑יאוּ וְאַבְנֵ֗ר אֵינֶ֤נּוּ עִם־דָּוִד֙ בְּחֶבְר֔וֹן כִּ֥י שִׁלְּח֖וֹ וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃", "text": "And *wə-hinnēh* *ʿabdê* *dāwid* and-*yôʾāb* *bāʾ* from-the-*gədûd* and-*šālāl* *rab* with-them *hēbîʾû* and-*ʾabnēr* *ʾênenû* with-*dāwid* in-*ḥebrôn* for *kî* *šilləḥô* and *wə-yēlek* in-*šālôm*", "grammar": { "*wə-hinnēh*": "waw conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*ʿabdê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - servants of", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*yôʾāb*": "proper noun - Joab", "*bāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came/had come", "*gədûd*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the troop/the raid/the band", "*šālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/plunder", "*rab*": "adjective, masculine singular - much/great/abundant", "*hēbîʾû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they brought", "*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun - Abner", "*ʾênenû*": "particle of negation with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he was not", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ḥebrôn*": "proper noun - Hebron", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*šilləḥô*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he sent him away", "*wə-yēlek*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/completeness/welfare" }, "variants": { "*gədûd*": "troop/raiding party/band of soldiers", "*šālāl*": "spoil/plunder/booty/prey", "*ʾênenû*": "he was not/was no longer", "*šālôm*": "peace/safety/welfare/completeness/soundness" } } 23 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.3.23", "source": "וְיוֹאָ֛ב וְכָל־הַצָּבָ֥א אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֖וֹ בָּ֑אוּ וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ לְיוֹאָב֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בָּֽא־אַבְנֵ֤ר בֶּן־נֵר֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵ֖הוּ וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃", "text": "And *wə-yôʾāb* and-all-the-*ṣābāʾ* which-with-him *bāʾû* and *wə-yaggîdû* to-*yôʾāb* *lēʾmōr* came-*ʾabnēr* son-of-*nēr* to-the-*melek* and *wə-yəšalləḥēhû* and *wə-yēlek* in-*šālôm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yôʾāb*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Joab", "*ṣābāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the army/host", "*bāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they came", "*wə-yaggîdû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they told", "*yôʾāb*": "proper noun - Joab", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun - Abner", "*nēr*": "proper noun - Ner", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*wə-yəšalləḥēhû*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he sent him away", "*wə-yēlek*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/completeness/welfare" }, "variants": { "*ṣābāʾ*": "army/host/company of soldiers", "*šālôm*": "peace/safety/welfare/completeness/soundness" } }
• 1 Chr 15:29 : 29 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.29", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה בָּ֖א עַד־עִ֣יר דָּוִ֑יד וּמִיכַ֨ל בַּת־שָׁא֜וּל נִשְׁקְפָ֣ה ׀ בְּעַ֣ד הַחַלּ֗וֹן וַתֵּ֨רֶא אֶת־הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִיד֙ מְרַקֵּ֣ד וּמְשַׂחֵ֔ק וַתִּ֥בֶז ל֖וֹ בְּלִבָּֽהּ׃", "text": "*wə-yhî ʾărôn bĕrît Yahweh bāʾ ʿad-ʿîr dāwîd û-mîkal bat-šāʾûl nišqĕp̄āh bĕʿad ha-ḥallôn wa-tēreʾ ʾet-ha-melek dāwîd mĕraqqēd û-mĕśaḥēq wa-tivez lô bĕ-libbāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and it was", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*bĕrît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*bāʾ*": "qal participle masculine singular - coming", "*ʿad*": "preposition - to", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular construct - city of", "*dāwîd*": "proper name - David", "*û-mîkal*": "conjunction + proper name - and Michal", "*bat*": "feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*šāʾûl*": "proper name - Saul", "*nišqĕp̄āh*": "niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - looked out", "*bĕʿad*": "preposition - through", "*ha-ḥallôn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the window", "*wa-tēreʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she saw", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-melek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*dāwîd*": "proper name - David", "*mĕraqqēd*": "piel participle masculine singular - dancing", "*û-mĕśaḥēq*": "conjunction + piel participle masculine singular - and celebrating", "*wa-tivez*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she despised", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*bĕ-libbāh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her heart" }, "variants": { "*yhî*": "it was/it happened", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*bāʾ*": "coming/entering/arriving", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*mîkal*": "Michal (personal name)", "*bat*": "daughter/female descendant", "*šāʾûl*": "Saul (personal name)", "*nišqĕp̄āh*": "looked out/gazed/peered", "*bĕʿad*": "through/by way of", "*ha-ḥallôn*": "the window/the opening", "*ha-melek*": "the king/the ruler", "*mĕraqqēd*": "dancing/leaping/skipping", "*mĕśaḥēq*": "celebrating/playing/rejoicing", "*tivez*": "despised/disdained/regarded with contempt", "*libbāh*": "her heart/her mind/her inner self" } }