2 Sam 19:41-20:13 : 41 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.19.41",
"source": "וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הַגִּלְגָּ֔לָה וְכִמְהָ֖ן עָבַ֣ר עִמּ֑וֹ וְכָל־עַ֤ם יְהוּדָה֙ ויעברו הֶעֱבִ֣ירוּ אֶת־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְגַ֕ם חֲצִ֖י עַ֥ם יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And *yaʿăbōr* the *melek* to-the-*gilgālâh*, and *kimhān* *ʿābar* with-him, and all-*ʿam* *yəhûdâh* *heʿĕbîrû* [*wə-* with direct object marker] the-*melek*, and-also half *ʿam* *yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*yaʿăbōr*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - crossed over/passed over",
"*melek*": "definite noun, masculine singular - king",
"*gilgālâh*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Gilgal",
"*kimhān*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Chimham",
"*ʿābar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - crossed over/passed over",
"*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of",
"*yəhûdâh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*heʿĕbîrû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd plural - caused to cross over/brought across",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿăbōr*": "crossed over/passed over/went over",
"*ʿābar*": "crossed over/passed over/went with",
"*heʿĕbîrû*": "brought across/conducted across/helped cross over",
"ויעברו": "textual variant noted in manuscript, Qal imperfect 3rd plural with waw consecutive - 'and they crossed over'"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.19.42",
"source": "וְהִנֵּ֛ה כָּל־אִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בָּאִ֣ים אֶל־הַמֶּ֑לֶך וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֶל־הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ מַדּוּעַ֩ גְּנָב֨וּךָ אַחֵ֜ינוּ אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֗ה וַיַּעֲבִ֨רוּ אֶת־הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ וְאֶת־בֵּיתוֹ֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֥י דָוִ֖ד עִמּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *hinnēh* all-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* *bāʾîm* to-the-*melek*; and *wayyōʾmərû* to-the-*melek*, \"*maddûaʿ* *gənābûkā* our *ʾaḥēînû* *ʾîš* *yəhûdâh*, and *wayyaʿăbirû* [direct object marker] the-*melek* and [direct object marker] his-*bêtô* [direct object marker] the-*yardēn*, and all-*ʾanšê* *dāwid* with-him?\"",
"grammar": {
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of/every man of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*bāʾîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - coming/arriving",
"*melek*": "definite noun, masculine singular - king",
"*wayyōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they said",
"*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why",
"*gənābûkā*": "Qal perfect 3rd plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - they stole you",
"*ʾaḥēînû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st plural suffix - our brothers",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of",
"*yəhûdâh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*wayyaʿăbirû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they brought across",
"*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his household",
"*yardēn*": "proper noun - Jordan",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun - David"
},
"variants": {
"*hinnēh*": "behold/look/lo",
"*bāʾîm*": "coming/arriving/approaching",
"*gənābûkā*": "stole you/took you by stealth/kidnapped you",
"*wayyaʿăbirû*": "brought across/conducted across/transported across"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.19.43",
"source": "וַיַּעַן֩ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה עַל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּֽי־קָר֤וֹב הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֵלַ֔י וְלָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ חָרָ֣ה לְךָ֔ עַל־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה הֶאָכ֤וֹל אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙ מִן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם־נִשֵּׂ֥את נִשָּׂ֖א לָֽנוּ׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿan* all-*ʾîš* *yəhûdâh* against-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl*, \"*kî*-*qārôb* the-*melek* to-me, and *lāmmâh* this *ḥārâh* to-you about-the-*dābār* the-this? *heʾākôl* *ʾāḵalnû* from-the-*melek*? *ʾim*-*niśśēʾt* *niśśāʾ* to-us?\"",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he answered",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of",
"*yəhûdâh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*qārôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - near/close",
"*melek*": "definite noun, masculine singular - king",
"*lāmmâh*": "interrogative adverb - why",
"*ḥārâh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - burned/was angry",
"*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/matter/thing",
"*heʾākôl*": "interrogative particle with infinitive absolute Qal - eating at all",
"*ʾāḵalnû*": "Qal perfect 1st plural - we ate/we have eaten",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/or",
"*niśśēʾt*": "Qal infinitive absolute - lifting/carrying",
"*niśśāʾ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was carried/was borne"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "answered/replied/responded",
"*kî*": "because/for/that",
"*qārôb*": "near/close/closely related",
"*ḥārâh*": "burned with anger/became furious/was incensed",
"*heʾākôl* *ʾāḵalnû*": "Have we eaten at all/Have we consumed anything/Have we devoured anything",
"*niśśēʾt* *niśśāʾ*": "Has anything been carried away/Has a gift been given/Has any favor been granted"
}
}
44 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.19.44",
"source": "וַיַּ֣עַן אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֩ אֶת־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֶֽשֶׂר־יָד֨וֹת לִ֣י בַמֶּלֶךְ֮ וְגַם־בְּדָוִד֮ אֲנִ֣י מִמְּךָ֒ וּמַדּ֙וּעַ֙ הֱקִלֹּתַ֔נִי וְלֹא־הָיָ֨ה דְבָרִ֥י רִאשׁ֛וֹן לִ֖י לְהָשִׁ֣יב אֶת־מַלְכִּ֑י וַיִּ֙קֶשׁ֙ דְּבַר־אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדְּבַ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿan* *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* [direct object marker] *ʾîš* *yəhûdâh* and *wayyōʾmer*, \"*ʿeser*-*yādôt* to-me in-the-*melek* and-also-in-*dāwid* I than-you, and *maddûaʿ* *hĕqillōtanî* and not-*hāyâh* my-*dəbārî* *riʾšôn* to-me to-*hāšîb* [direct object marker] my-*malkî*?\" And *wayyiqeš* *dəbar*-*ʾîš* *yəhûdâh* from-*dəbar* *ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he answered",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*yəhûdâh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*ʿeser*": "cardinal number, feminine - ten",
"*yādôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - parts/shares/portions",
"*melek*": "definite noun, masculine singular - king",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why",
"*hĕqillōtanî*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - you despised me/you treated me with contempt",
"*hāyâh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was",
"*dəbārî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my word/my matter",
"*riʾšôn*": "adjective, masculine singular - first",
"*hāšîb*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to bring back/to restore",
"*malkî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my king",
"*wayyiqeš*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and was harsh/severe",
"*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "answered/replied/responded",
"*ʿeser*-*yādôt*": "ten parts/ten shares/ten portions",
"*hĕqillōtanî*": "you treated me lightly/you despised me/you disdained me",
"*riʾšôn*": "first/foremost/primary",
"*hāšîb*": "to bring back/to restore/to return",
"*wayyiqeš*": "was harsher/was more severe/was fiercer"
}
}
1 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.1",
"source": "וְשָׁ֨ם נִקְרָ֜א אִ֣ישׁ בְּלִיַּ֗עַל וּשְׁמ֛וֹ שֶׁ֥בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִ֖י אִ֣ישׁ יְמִינִ֑י וַיִּתְקַ֣ע בַּשֹּׁפָ֗ר וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אֵֽין־לָ֨נוּ חֵ֜לֶק בְּדָוִ֗ד וְלֹ֤א נֽ͏ַחֲלָה־לָ֙נוּ֙ בְּבֶן־יִשַׁ֔י אִ֥ישׁ לְאֹהָלָ֖יו יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And *šām* *niqrāʾ* *ʾîš* *bᵉliyyaʿal* and *šᵉmô* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî* *ʾîš* *yᵉmînî* and he *tāqaʿ* in the *šôpār* and *ʾāmar*: *ʾên*-to us *ḥēleq* in *dāwid*, and not *naḥălâ*-to us in *ben*-*yišay*, *ʾîš* to his *ʾōhālâw* *yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*niqrāʾ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was called/happened to be",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of",
"*bᵉliyyaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - worthlessness/wickedness",
"*šᵉmô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name",
"*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri",
"*yᵉmînî*": "adjective, masculine singular - Benjamite/of the right hand",
"*tāqaʿ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he blew",
"*šôpār*": "noun, masculine singular - horn/trumpet",
"*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular - portion/share",
"*naḥălâ*": "noun, feminine singular - inheritance/possession",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*yišay*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jesse",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man",
"*ʾōhālâw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his tents",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*šām*": "there/at that place/then",
"*niqrāʾ*": "was called/happened to be/was encountered",
"*bᵉliyyaʿal*": "worthlessness/wickedness/destruction",
"*yᵉmînî*": "Benjamite/of the right hand/from the tribe of Benjamin",
"*tāqaʿ*": "blew/sounded/thrust",
"*ʾên*": "there is not/without/no",
"*ḥēleq*": "portion/share/part",
"*naḥălâ*": "inheritance/possession/property"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.2",
"source": "וַיַּ֜עַל כָּל־אִ֤ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד אַחֲרֵ֖י שֶׁ֣בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִ֑י וְאִ֤ישׁ יְהוּדָה֙ דָּבְק֣וּ בְמַלְכָּ֔ם מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן וְעַד־יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃",
"text": "And *ʿālâ* all-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* from *ʾaḥărê* *dāwid*, *ʾaḥărê* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî*; and *ʾîš* *yᵉhûdâ* *dāvᵉqû* in their *meleḵ*, from-the *yardēn* and unto-*yᵉrûšālayim*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿālâ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he went up",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - from after/from following",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after/following",
"*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of",
"*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*dāvᵉqû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they clung/adhered",
"*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their king",
"*yardēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jordan",
"*yᵉrûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿālâ*": "went up/ascended/departed",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "after/following/from behind",
"*dāvᵉqû*": "clung/adhered/remained loyal to",
"*meleḵ*": "king/ruler/sovereign"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.3",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֨א דָוִ֣ד אֶל־בֵּיתוֹ֮ יְרֽוּשָׁלִַם֒ וַיִּקַּ֣ח הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ אֵ֣ת עֶֽשֶׂר־נָשִׁ֣ים ׀ פִּלַגְשִׁ֡ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִנִּיחַ֩ לִשְׁמֹ֨ר הַבַּ֜יִת וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֤ם בֵּית־מִשְׁמֶ֙רֶת֙ וַֽיְכַלְכְּלֵ֔ם וַאֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לֹא־בָ֑א וַתִּהְיֶ֧ינָה צְרֻר֛וֹת עַד־י֥וֹם מֻתָ֖ן אַלְמְנ֥וּת חַיּֽוּת׃",
"text": "And *bôʾ* *dāwid* to-*bayit*-his *yᵉrûšālayim*, and *lāqaḥ* the-*meleḵ* *ʾēt* ten-*nāšîm* *pîlagšîm* which *hinnîaḥ* to *šāmar* the-*bayit* and *nātan*-them *bêt*-*mišmeret* and *kilkēl*-them, and to-them not-*bôʾ*; and *hāyâ*-they *ṣᵉrûrôt* until-*yôm* *mûtān* *ʾalmᵉnût* *ḥayyût*.",
"grammar": {
"*bôʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he came",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house",
"*yᵉrûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*lāqaḥ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he took",
"*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*nāšîm*": "noun, feminine plural - women",
"*pîlagšîm*": "noun, feminine plural - concubines",
"*hinnîaḥ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he had left",
"*šāmar*": "qal infinitive construct - to keep/guard",
"*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the house",
"*nātan*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he put them",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*mišmeret*": "noun, feminine singular - ward/custody/guard",
"*kilkēl*": "pilpel imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he provided for them",
"*bôʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he came/went in",
"*hāyâ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine plural - and they were",
"*ṣᵉrûrôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - confined/bound",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day of",
"*mûtān*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their death",
"*ʾalmᵉnût*": "noun, feminine singular construct - widowhood of",
"*ḥayyût*": "noun, feminine plural - living"
},
"variants": {
"*bôʾ*": "came/entered/arrived",
"*lāqaḥ*": "took/received/fetched",
"*pîlagšîm*": "concubines/secondary wives",
"*hinnîaḥ*": "left/placed/set",
"*šāmar*": "keep/guard/watch",
"*mišmeret*": "ward/custody/guard/watch",
"*kilkēl*": "provided for/sustained/maintained",
"*ṣᵉrûrôt*": "confined/bound/shut up",
"*ʾalmᵉnût*": "widowhood/state of being widowed",
"*ḥayyût*": "living/alive/in life"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.4",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֶל־עֲמָשָׂ֔א הַזְעֶק־לִ֥י אֶת־אִישׁ־יְהוּדָ֖ה שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֑ים וְאַתָּ֖ה פֹּ֥ה עֲמֹֽד׃",
"text": "And *ʾāmar* the-*meleḵ* to-*ʿămāśāʾ*, *zāʿaq*-to me *ʾet*-*ʾîš*-*yᵉhûdâ* three *yāmîm*; and you here *ʿāmad*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king",
"*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa",
"*zāʿaq*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - summon for me",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of",
"*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days",
"*ʿāmad*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - stand"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/commanded",
"*zāʿaq*": "summon/call together/assemble",
"*ʿāmad*": "stand/remain/be present"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.5",
"source": "וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ עֲמָשָׂ֖א לְהַזְעִ֣יק אֶת־יְהוּדָ֑ה *וייחר **וַיּ֕וֹחֶר מִן־הַמּוֹעֵ֖ד אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְעָדֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *hālaḵ* *ʿămāśāʾ* to *zāʿaq* *ʾet*-*yᵉhûdâ*; and *yôḥer* from-the-*môʿēd* which *yāʿad*-him.",
"grammar": {
"*hālaḵ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa",
"*zāʿaq*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to summon",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*yôḥer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he delayed",
"*môʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the appointed time",
"*yāʿad*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he had appointed for him"
},
"variants": {
"*hālaḵ*": "went/walked/departed",
"*zāʿaq*": "summon/call together/assemble",
"*yôḥer*": "delayed/tarried/was late",
"*môʿēd*": "appointed time/meeting/assembly",
"*yāʿad*": "appointed/designated/assigned"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.6",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־אֲבִישַׁ֔י עַתָּ֗ה יֵ֧רַֽע לָ֛נוּ שֶׁ֥בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִ֖י מִן־אַבְשָׁל֑וֹם אַ֠תָּה קַ֞ח אֶת־עַבְדֵ֤י אֲדֹנֶ֙יךָ֙ וּרְדֹ֣ף אַחֲרָ֔יו פֶּן־מָ֥צָא ל֛וֹ עָרִ֥ים בְּצֻר֖וֹת וְהִצִּ֥יל עֵינֵֽנוּ׃",
"text": "And *ʾāmar* *dāwid* to-*ʾăvîšay*, Now *rāʿaʿ* to-us *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî* from-*ʾavšālôm*; you *lāqaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʿeved* *ʾādôn*-your and *rādap* *ʾaḥărê*-him, lest-*māṣāʾ* for-him *ʿārîm* *bᵉṣûrôt* and *nāṣal* *ʿayin*-our.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʾăvîšay*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*rāʿaʿ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will do harm",
"*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri",
"*ʾavšālôm*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Absalom",
"*lāqaḥ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - take",
"*ʿeved*": "noun, masculine plural construct - servants of",
"*ʾādôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your lord",
"*rādap*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - pursue",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - after him",
"*māṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has found",
"*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities",
"*bᵉṣûrôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - fortified",
"*nāṣal*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has delivered",
"*ʿayin*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st common plural suffix - our eye"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʿaʿ*": "do harm/be evil/bring evil",
"*lāqaḥ*": "take/get/fetch",
"*rādap*": "pursue/chase/follow after",
"*māṣāʾ*": "found/obtained/secured",
"*bᵉṣûrôt*": "fortified/fenced/walled",
"*nāṣal*": "delivered/rescued/escaped",
"*ʿayin*": "eye/sight/presence"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.7",
"source": "וַיֵּצְא֤וּ אַֽחֲרָיו֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י יוֹאָ֔ב וְהַכְּרֵתִ֥י וְהַפְּלֵתִ֖י וְכָל־הַגִּבֹּרִ֑ים וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ מִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם לִרְדֹּ֕ף אַחֲרֵ֖י שֶׁ֥בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִֽי׃",
"text": "And *yāṣāʾ* *ʾaḥărê*-him *ʾanšê* *yôʾāv* and the-*kᵉrētî* and the-*pᵉlētî* and all-the-*gibbôrîm*; and *yāṣāʾ* from-*yᵉrûšālayim* to *rādap* *ʾaḥărê* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî*.",
"grammar": {
"*yāṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they went out",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - after him",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*kᵉrētî*": "proper noun, masculine singular with definite article - the Cherethites",
"*pᵉlētî*": "proper noun, masculine singular with definite article - the Pelethites",
"*gibbôrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the mighty men",
"*yāṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they went out",
"*yᵉrûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*rādap*": "qal infinitive construct - to pursue",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri"
},
"variants": {
"*yāṣāʾ*": "went out/departed/left",
"*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of/followers of",
"*kᵉrētî*": "Cherethites (possibly Philistine mercenaries/executioners)",
"*pᵉlētî*": "Pelethites (possibly Philistine mercenaries/couriers)",
"*gibbôrîm*": "mighty men/warriors/heroes",
"*rādap*": "pursue/chase/follow after"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.8",
"source": "הֵ֗ם עִם־הָאֶ֤בֶן הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּגִבְע֔וֹן וַעֲמָשָׂ֖א בָּ֣א לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם וְיוֹאָ֞ב חָג֣וּר ׀ מִדּ֣וֹ לְבֻשׁ֗וּ *ועלו **וְעָלָ֞יו חֲג֥וֹר חֶ֙רֶב֙ מְצֻמֶּ֤דֶת עַל־מָתְנָיו֙ בְּתַעְרָ֔הּ וְה֥וּא יָצָ֖א וַתִּפֹּֽל׃",
"text": "They with-the-*ʾeven* the-*gᵉdôlâ* which in-*givʿôn* and *ʿămāśāʾ* *bôʾ* to *pānîm*-their; and *yôʾāv* *ḥāgûr* *mad* *lᵉvûš*-his and upon-him *ḥăgôr* *ḥerev* *mᵉṣummedet* upon-*motnayim*-his in-*taʿar*-her and it *yāṣāʾ* and *nāpal*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeven*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the stone",
"*gᵉdôlâ*": "adjective, feminine singular with definite article - the great",
"*givʿôn*": "proper noun - Gibeon",
"*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa",
"*bôʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came",
"*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - before them",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*ḥāgûr*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - girded",
"*mad*": "noun, masculine singular construct - garment of",
"*lᵉvûš*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his clothing",
"*ḥăgôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - belt of",
"*ḥerev*": "noun, feminine singular - sword",
"*mᵉṣummedet*": "pual participle, feminine singular - fastened",
"*motnayim*": "noun, masculine dual construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his loins",
"*taʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its sheath",
"*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it came out",
"*nāpal*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it fell"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeven*": "stone/rock",
"*gᵉdôlâ*": "great/large/important",
"*bôʾ*": "came/entered/arrived",
"*pānîm*": "before/face/presence",
"*ḥāgûr*": "girded/belted/wearing",
"*mad*": "garment/uniform/measurement",
"*lᵉvûš*": "clothing/garment/vestment",
"*ḥăgôr*": "belt/girdle",
"*ḥerev*": "sword/knife/war",
"*mᵉṣummedet*": "fastened/bound/attached",
"*motnayim*": "loins/waist/hips",
"*taʿar*": "sheath/scabbard",
"*yāṣāʾ*": "came out/went forth/slipped out",
"*nāpal*": "fell/dropped/slipped"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.9",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יוֹאָב֙ לַעֲמָשָׂ֔א הֲשָׁל֥וֹם אַתָּ֖ה אָחִ֑י וַתֹּ֜חֶז יַד־יְמִ֥ין יוֹאָ֛ב בִּזְקַ֥ן עֲמָשָׂ֖א לִנְשָׁק־לֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *ʾāmar* *yôʾāv* to-*ʿămāśāʾ*, *hă*-*šālôm* you *ʾāḥ*-my? And *ʾāḥaz* *yad*-*yāmîn* *yôʾāv* in-*zāqān* *ʿămāśāʾ* to *nāšaq*-him.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa",
"*hă*": "interrogative particle - is it?",
"*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/well",
"*ʾāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my brother",
"*ʾāḥaz*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it seized",
"*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of",
"*yāmîn*": "noun, feminine singular - right",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*zāqān*": "noun, masculine singular construct - beard of",
"*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa",
"*nāšaq*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to kiss him"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/uttered",
"*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/health/prosperity",
"*ʾāḥ*": "brother/relative/kinsman",
"*ʾāḥaz*": "seized/took hold/grasped",
"*yad*": "hand/power/possession",
"*yāmîn*": "right/right hand/south",
"*zāqān*": "beard/chin",
"*nāšaq*": "kiss/touch lips to"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.10",
"source": "וַעֲמָשָׂ֨א לֹֽא־נִשְׁמַ֜ר בַּחֶ֣רֶב ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיַד־יוֹאָ֗ב וַיַּכֵּהוּ֩ בָ֨הּ אֶל־הַחֹ֜מֶשׁ וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֨ךְ מֵעָ֥יו אַ֛רְצָה וְלֹא־שָׁ֥נָה ל֖וֹ וַיָּמֹ֑ת ס וְיוֹאָב֙ וַאֲבִישַׁ֣י אָחִ֔יו רָדַ֕ף אַחֲרֵ֖י שֶׁ֥בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִֽי׃",
"text": "And *ʿămāśāʾ* not-*šāmar* in the-*ḥerev* which in *yad*-*yôʾāv*, and *nāḵâ*-him with-it to-the-*ḥōmeš* and *šāpaḵ* *mēʿâw* *ʾarṣâ* and not-*šānâ* to-him and *mût*; and *yôʾāv* and *ʾăvîšay* *ʾāḥ*-his *rādap* *ʾaḥărê* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa",
"*šāmar*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was not on guard",
"*ḥerev*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sword",
"*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*nāḵâ*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he struck him",
"*ḥōmeš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the belly/fifth rib",
"*šāpaḵ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he poured out",
"*mēʿâw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his intestines",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he - to the ground",
"*šānâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he repeated",
"*mût*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he died",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*ʾăvîšay*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*ʾāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother",
"*rādap*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he pursued",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri"
},
"variants": {
"*šāmar*": "was on guard/watched/was careful",
"*nāḵâ*": "struck/hit/smote",
"*ḥōmeš*": "belly/abdomen/fifth rib",
"*šāpaḵ*": "poured out/spilled/shed",
"*mēʿâw*": "intestines/bowels/inner parts",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "to the ground/earthward/down",
"*šānâ*": "repeated/struck again/did a second time",
"*mût*": "died/expired"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.11",
"source": "וְאִישׁ֙ עָמַ֣ד עָלָ֔יו מִֽנַּעֲרֵ֖י יוֹאָ֑ב וַיֹּ֗אמֶר מִי֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָפֵ֧ץ בְּיוֹאָ֛ב וּמִ֥י אֲשֶׁר־לְדָוִ֖ד אַחֲרֵ֥י יוֹאָֽב׃",
"text": "And *ʾîš* *ʿāmad* over-him from-*naʿar*-*yôʾāv* and *ʾāmar*, Who that *ḥāpēṣ* in-*yôʾāv* and who that-for-*dāwid* *ʾaḥărê* *yôʾāv*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - a man",
"*ʿāmad*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - stood",
"*naʿar*": "noun, masculine plural construct - young men of",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ḥāpēṣ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - delights/favors",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾîš*": "man/one/each",
"*ʿāmad*": "stood/remained/took his stand",
"*naʿar*": "young men/servants/attendants",
"*ḥāpēṣ*": "delights in/favors/is pleased with",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "after/behind/following"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.12",
"source": "וַעֲמָשָׂ֛א מִתְגֹּלֵ֥ל בַּדָּ֖ם בְּת֣וֹךְ הַֽמְסִּלָּ֑ה וַיַּ֨רְא הָאִ֜ישׁ כִּֽי־עָמַ֣ד כָּל־הָעָ֗ם וַיַּסֵּב֩ אֶת־עֲמָשָׂ֨א מִן־הַֽמְסִלָּ֤ה הַשָּׂדֶה֙ וַיַּשְׁלֵ֤ךְ עָלָיו֙ בֶּ֔גֶד כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר רָאָ֔ה כָּל־הַבָּ֥א עָלָ֖יו וְעָמָֽד׃",
"text": "And *ʿămāśāʾ* *mitgôlēl* in the-*dām* in *tāweḵ* the-*mᵉsillâ*; and *rāʾâ* the-*ʾîš* that-*ʿāmad* all-the-*ʿām*, and *sāvav* *ʾet*-*ʿămāśāʾ* from-the-*mᵉsillâ* the-*śādeh* and *šālaḵ* upon-him *beged*, when *rāʾâ* all-the-*bôʾ* upon-him and *ʿāmad*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa",
"*mitgôlēl*": "hithpael participle, masculine singular - wallowing",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the blood",
"*tāweḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - middle of",
"*mᵉsillâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the highway",
"*rāʾâ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man",
"*ʿāmad*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - stood",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people",
"*sāvav*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he removed",
"*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa",
"*mᵉsillâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the highway",
"*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field",
"*šālaḵ*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he threw",
"*beged*": "noun, masculine singular - garment",
"*rāʾâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he saw",
"*bôʾ*": "qal active participle, masculine singular - the one coming",
"*ʿāmad*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - stood"
},
"variants": {
"*mitgôlēl*": "wallowing/rolling about/writhing",
"*dām*": "blood/bloodshed",
"*tāweḵ*": "middle/midst/among",
"*mᵉsillâ*": "highway/road/pathway",
"*rāʾâ*": "saw/noticed/observed",
"*ʿāmad*": "stood/halted/stayed",
"*sāvav*": "removed/turned aside/carried away",
"*śādeh*": "field/country/open land",
"*šālaḵ*": "threw/cast/flung",
"*beged*": "garment/clothing/covering",
"*bôʾ*": "coming/arriving/approaching"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "2 Samuel.20.13",
"source": "כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הֹגָ֖ה מִן־הַֽמְסִּלָּ֑ה עָבַ֤ר כָּל־אִישׁ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י יוֹאָ֔ב לִרְדֹּ֕ף אַחֲרֵ֖י שֶׁ֥בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִֽי׃",
"text": "When *hāgâ* from-the-*mᵉsillâ*, *ʿāvar* all-*ʾîš* *ʾaḥărê* *yôʾāv* to *rādap* *ʾaḥărê* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî*.",
"grammar": {
"*hāgâ*": "hophal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was removed",
"*mᵉsillâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the highway",
"*ʿāvar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - passed on",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*rādap*": "qal infinitive construct - to pursue",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri"
},
"variants": {
"*hāgâ*": "was removed/taken away",
"*mᵉsillâ*": "highway/road/pathway",
"*ʿāvar*": "passed on/went over/crossed",
"*rādap*": "pursue/chase/follow after"
}
}