17{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.2.17",
"source": "וַתְּהִ֧י הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה קָשָׁ֥ה עַד־מְאֹ֖ד בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַיִּנָּ֤גֶף אַבְנֵר֙ וְאַנְשֵׁ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִפְנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֥י דָוִֽד׃",
"text": "*wə-təhî* the-*milḥāmâ* *qāšâ* until-*məʾōd* in-the-*yôm* the-*hû* and-*wayyinnāgep* *ʾabnēr* and-*ʾanšê* *yiśrāʾēl* before *ʿabdê* *dāwid*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-təhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and was/became",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the battle/war",
"*qāšâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - hard/severe/fierce",
"*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular + definite article - the day",
"*hû*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that",
"*wayyinnāgep*": "niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and was defeated/smitten",
"*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun, masculine - Abner",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʿabdê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - servants of",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun - David"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-təhî*": "and was/became/happened",
"*milḥāmâ*": "battle/war/fighting",
"*qāšâ*": "hard/severe/fierce/intense",
"*məʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/intensely",
"*wayyinnāgep*": "and was defeated/smitten/struck",
"*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of/followers of",
"*ʿabdê*": "servants of/slaves of/followers of"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.2.18",
"source": "וַיִּֽהְיוּ־שָׁ֗ם שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ בְּנֵ֣י צְרוּיָ֔ה יוֹאָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י וַעֲשָׂהאֵ֑ל וַעֲשָׂהאֵל֙ קַ֣ל בְּרַגְלָ֔יו כְּאַחַ֥ד הַצְּבָיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃",
"text": "*wə-yihyû*-there *šəlōšâ* *bənê* *ṣərûyâ* *yôʾāb* and-*ʾăbîšay* and-*ʿăśāhʾēl* and-*ʿăśāhʾēl* *qal* in-*raglāyw* like-one-of the-*ṣəbāyim* which in-the-*śādeh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yihyû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they were",
"*šəlōšâ*": "numeral, masculine - three",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ṣərûyâ*": "proper noun, feminine - Zeruiah",
"*yôʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine - Joab",
"*ʾăbîšay*": "proper noun, masculine - Abishai",
"*ʿăśāhʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Asahel",
"*qal*": "adjective, masculine singular - swift/light",
"*raglāyw*": "noun, feminine dual + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his feet",
"*ṣəbāyim*": "noun, masculine plural + definite article - the gazelles",
"*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular + definite article - the field"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yihyû*": "and they were/existed/happened to be",
"*bənê*": "sons of/descendants of",
"*qal*": "swift/light/quick",
"*raglāyw*": "his feet/legs",
"*ṣəbāyim*": "gazelles/deer/wild goats",
"*śādeh*": "field/open country/countryside"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.2.19",
"source": "וַיִּרְדֹּ֥ף עֲשָׂהאֵ֖ל אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְלֹֽא־נָטָ֣ה לָלֶ֗כֶת עַל־הַיָּמִין֙ וְעַֽל־הַשְּׂמֹ֔אול מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י אַבְנֵֽר׃",
"text": "*wayyirdōp* *ʿăśāhʾēl* after *ʾabnēr* and-not-*nāṭâ* to-*lāleket* upon-the-*yāmîn* and-upon-the-*śəmōʾwl* from-after *ʾabnēr*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyirdōp*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he pursued",
"*ʿăśāhʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Asahel",
"*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun, masculine - Abner",
"*nāṭâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he turned/inclined",
"*lāleket*": "qal infinitive construct + preposition - to go/walk",
"*yāmîn*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the right",
"*śəmōʾwl*": "noun, masculine singular + definite article - the left"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyirdōp*": "and he pursued/chased/followed after",
"*nāṭâ*": "turned/inclined/swerved",
"*lāleket*": "to go/walk/proceed",
"*yāmîn*": "right/right side/right hand",
"*śəmōʾwl*": "left/left side/left hand"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.2.20",
"source": "וַיִּ֤פֶן אַבְנֵר֙ אַֽחֲרָ֔יו וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הַאַתָּ֥ה זֶ֖ה עֲשָׂה[t]אֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אָנֹֽכִי׃",
"text": "*wayyipen* *ʾabnēr* behind-him and-*wayyōʾmer* ?-*ʾattâ* *zeh* *ʿăśāhʾēl* and-*wayyōʾmer* *ʾānōkî*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyipen*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he turned",
"*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun, masculine - Abner",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾattâ*": "personal pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*ʿăśāhʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Asahel",
"*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyipen*": "and he turned/looked/faced around",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke/answered",
"*ʾattâ*": "you (masculine singular)",
"*zeh*": "this/this one",
"*ʾānōkî*": "I/I am/it is I"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.2.21",
"source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר ל֣וֹ אַבְנֵ֗ר נְטֵ֤ה לְךָ֙ עַל־יְמִֽינְךָ֙ א֣וֹ עַל־שְׂמֹאלֶ֔ךָ וֶאֱחֹ֣ז לְךָ֗ אֶחָד֙ מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְקַח־לְךָ֖ אֶת־חֲלִצָת֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֣ה עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל לָס֖וּר מֵאַחֲרָֽיו׃",
"text": "*wayyōʾmer* to-him *ʾabnēr* *nəṭēh* to-you upon-*yəmînəkā* or upon-*śəmōʾlekā* and-*ʾĕḥōz* to-you *ʾeḥād* from-the-*nəʿārîm* and-take-to-you *ʾet*-*ḥălîṣātô* and-not-*ʾābâ* *ʿăśāhʾēl* to-*lāsûr* from-after-him",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun, masculine - Abner",
"*nəṭēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - turn",
"*yəmînəkā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your right",
"*śəmōʾlekā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your left",
"*ʾĕḥōz*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - seize",
"*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one",
"*nəʿārîm*": "noun, masculine plural + definite article - the young men",
"*ḥălîṣātô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his armor/equipment",
"*ʾābâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he was willing",
"*ʿăśāhʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Asahel",
"*lāsûr*": "qal infinitive construct + preposition - to turn aside"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke/commanded",
"*nəṭēh*": "turn/incline/veer",
"*yəmînəkā*": "your right/right side/right hand",
"*śəmōʾlekā*": "your left/left side/left hand",
"*ʾĕḥōz*": "seize/grasp/take hold of",
"*nəʿārîm*": "young men/youths/servants",
"*ḥălîṣātô*": "his armor/equipment/spoil",
"*ʾābâ*": "was willing/consented/desired",
"*lāsûr*": "to turn aside/depart/deviate"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.2.22",
"source": "וַיֹּ֧סֶף ע֣וֹד אַבְנֵ֗ר לֵאמֹר֙ אֶל־עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל ס֥וּר לְךָ֖ מֵאַֽחֲרָ֑י לָ֤מָּה אַכֶּ֙כָּה֙ אַ֔רְצָה וְאֵיךְ֙ אֶשָּׂ֣א פָנַ֔י אֶל־יוֹאָ֖ב אָחִֽיךָ׃",
"text": "*wayyōsep* again *ʾabnēr* to-*lēʾmōr* to-*ʿăśāhʾēl* *sûr* to-you from-after-me for-what *ʾakkekkâ* *ʾarṣâ* and-how *ʾeśśā* *pānay* to-*yôʾāb* *ʾāḥîkā*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōsep*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he continued",
"*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun, masculine - Abner",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct + preposition - to say",
"*ʿăśāhʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Asahel",
"*sûr*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - turn aside",
"*ʾakkekkâ*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I strike you",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular + directional heh - to the ground",
"*ʾeśśā*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I lift up",
"*pānay*": "noun, common plural construct + 1st person singular suffix - my face",
"*yôʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine - Joab",
"*ʾāḥîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your brother"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōsep*": "and he continued/added/did again",
"*lēʾmōr*": "to say/speak/declare",
"*sûr*": "turn aside/depart/go away",
"*ʾakkekkâ*": "I strike you/smite you/kill you",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "to the ground/to the earth/downward",
"*ʾeśśā*": "I lift up/raise/bear",
"*pānay*": "my face/countenance/presence"
}
}
23{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.2.23",
"source": "וַיְמָאֵ֣ן לָס֗וּר וַיַּכֵּ֣הוּ אַבְנֵר֩ בְּאַחֲרֵ֨י הַחֲנִ֜ית אֶל־הַחֹ֗מֶשׁ וַתֵּצֵ֤א הַֽחֲנִית֙ מֵאַחֲרָ֔יו וַיִּפָּל־שָׁ֖ם וַיָּ֣מָת *תחתו **תַּחְתָּ֑יו וַיְהִ֡י כָּל־הַבָּ֣א אֶֽל־הַמָּקוֹם֩ אֲשֶׁר־נָ֨פַל שָׁ֧ם עֲשָׂה[t]אֵ֛ל וַיָּמֹ֖ת וַֽיַּעֲמֹֽדוּ׃",
"text": "*wə-yəmāʾēn* to-*lāsûr* and-*wayyakkēhû* *ʾabnēr* in-back-of the-*ḥănît* to-the-*ḥōmeš* and-*wattēṣēʾ* the-*ḥănît* from-behind-him and-*wayyippāl*-there and-*wayyāmot* *taḥtāyw* and-*wə-yhî* all-the-*bāʾ* to-the-*māqôm* which-*nāpal* there *ʿăśāhʾēl* and-*wayyāmōt* and-*wə-yaʿămōdû*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yəmāʾēn*": "piel imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he refused",
"*lāsûr*": "qal infinitive construct + preposition - to turn aside",
"*wayyakkēhû*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he struck him",
"*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun, masculine - Abner",
"*ḥănît*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the spear",
"*ḥōmeš*": "noun, masculine singular + definite article - the belly/abdomen",
"*wattēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it came out",
"*wayyippāl*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he fell",
"*wayyāmot*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he died",
"*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - under him/in his place",
"*wə-yhî*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it was",
"*bāʾ*": "qal participle, masculine singular + definite article - the one coming",
"*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular + definite article - the place",
"*nāpal*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he fell",
"*ʿăśāhʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Asahel",
"*wayyāmōt*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he died",
"*wə-yaʿămōdû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they stood"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yəmāʾēn*": "and he refused/declined/was unwilling",
"*lāsûr*": "to turn aside/depart/go away",
"*wayyakkēhû*": "and he struck him/hit him/smote him",
"*ḥănît*": "spear/javelin/lance",
"*ḥōmeš*": "belly/abdomen/fifth rib",
"*wattēṣēʾ*": "and it came out/went out/exited",
"*wayyippāl*": "and he fell/dropped/collapsed",
"*wayyāmot*": "and he died/expired/perished",
"*taḥtāyw*": "under him/in his place/where he was",
"*wə-yhî*": "and it was/happened/came to pass",
"*bāʾ*": "coming/arriving/entering",
"*nāpal*": "fell/dropped/collapsed",
"*wayyāmōt*": "and he died/expired/perished",
"*wə-yaʿămōdû*": "and they stood/stopped/halted"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.2.24",
"source": "וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֛וּ יוֹאָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ בָּ֔אָה וְהֵ֗מָה בָּ֚אוּ עַד־גִּבְעַ֣ת אַמָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־פְּנֵי־גִ֔יחַ דֶּ֖רֶךְ מִדְבַּ֥ר גִּבְעֽוֹן׃",
"text": "*wayyirdəpû* *yôʾāb* and-*ʾăbîšay* after *ʾabnēr* and-the-*šemeš* *bāʾâ* and-they *bāʾû* until-*gibʿat* *ʾammâ* which upon-*pənê*-*gîaḥ* *derek* *midbar* *gibʿôn*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyirdəpû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they pursued",
"*yôʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine - Joab",
"*ʾăbîšay*": "proper noun, masculine - Abishai",
"*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun, masculine - Abner",
"*šemeš*": "noun, common singular + definite article - the sun",
"*bāʾâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it had set/gone down",
"*bāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they came",
"*gibʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hill of",
"*ʾammâ*": "proper noun - Ammah",
"*pənê*": "noun, common plural construct - face of",
"*gîaḥ*": "proper noun - Giah",
"*derek*": "noun, common singular construct - way of",
"*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wilderness of",
"*gibʿôn*": "proper noun - Gibeon"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyirdəpû*": "and they pursued/chased/followed after",
"*šemeš*": "sun/sunlight",
"*bāʾâ*": "had set/gone down/entered",
"*bāʾû*": "they came/entered/arrived",
"*gibʿat*": "hill of/height of",
"*pənê*": "face of/before/in front of",
"*derek*": "way of/road to/path of",
"*midbar*": "wilderness of/desert of/uninhabited land of"
}
}
25{
"verseID": "2 Samuel.2.25",
"source": "וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֤וּ בְנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִן֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיִּהְי֖וּ לַאֲגֻדָּ֣ה אֶחָ֑ת וַיַּ֣עַמְד֔וּ עַ֥ל רֹאשׁ־גִּבְעָ֖ה אֶחָֽת׃",
"text": "*wayyitqabbəṣû* *bənê*-*binyāmin* after *ʾabnēr* and-*wayyihyû* to-*ʾăguddâ* *ʾeḥāt* and-*wayyaʿamdû* upon *rōʾš*-*gibʿâ* *ʾeḥāt*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyitqabbəṣû*": "hithpael imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they gathered themselves",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun, masculine - Abner",
"*wayyihyû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they became",
"*ʾăguddâ*": "noun, feminine singular - band/troop",
"*ʾeḥāt*": "numeral, feminine singular - one",
"*wayyaʿamdû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they stood",
"*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - top of",
"*gibʿâ*": "noun, feminine singular - hill",
"*ʾeḥāt*": "numeral, feminine singular - one"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyitqabbəṣû*": "and they gathered themselves/assembled/came together",
"*bənê*": "sons of/descendants of/men of",
"*wayyihyû*": "and they became/were/formed",
"*ʾăguddâ*": "band/troop/company",
"*wayyaʿamdû*": "and they stood/positioned themselves/took their stand",
"*rōʾš*": "top of/summit of/head of",
"*gibʿâ*": "hill/height/elevation"
}
}