10 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.10",
"source": "י֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָמַ֜דְתָּ לִפְנֵ֨י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶיךָ֮ בְּחֹרֵב֒ בֶּאֱמֹ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י הַקְהֶל־לִי֙ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם וְאַשְׁמִעֵ֖ם אֶת־דְּבָרָ֑י אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִלְמְד֜וּן לְיִרְאָ֣ה אֹתִ֗י כָּל־הַיָּמִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵ֤ם חַיִּים֙ עַל־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה וְאֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֖ם יְלַמֵּדֽוּן",
"text": "*Yôm* which *ʿāmadtā* before *YHWH* your-*ʾĕlōhêkā* in-*Ḥōrēb*, in-*beʾĕmōr* *YHWH* to-me, *haqhel*-to-me *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* and-*wᵉʾashmîʿēm* *ʾet*-my-*dᵉbārāy*; which *yilmᵉdûn* to-*yirʾâ* me all-the-*yāmîm* which they *ḥayyîm* upon-the-*ʾădāmâ* and-*ʾet*-their-*bᵉnêhem* *yᵉlammēdûn*",
"grammar": {
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day",
"*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*ʿāmadtā*": "verb, qal perfect, second person masculine singular - you stood",
"*lipnê*": "preposition with noun, masculine dual construct - before",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with second person masculine singular suffix - your God",
"*bᵉ*": "preposition - in",
"*Ḥōrēb*": "proper noun - Horeb/Sinai",
"*beʾĕmōr*": "preposition with infinitive construct, qal - when said",
"*ʾēlay*": "preposition with first person singular suffix - to me",
"*haqhel*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine singular - assemble/gather",
"*lî*": "preposition with first person singular suffix - to me",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people",
"*wᵉʾashmîʿēm*": "conjunction with verb, hiphil imperfect, first person singular with third person masculine plural suffix - and I will cause them to hear",
"*dᵉbārāy*": "noun, masculine plural with first person singular suffix - my words",
"*yilmᵉdûn*": "verb, qal imperfect, third person masculine plural - they will learn",
"*lᵉyirʾâ*": "preposition with infinitive construct, qal - to fear",
"*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with first person singular suffix - me",
"*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days",
"*hēm*": "pronoun, third person masculine plural - they",
"*ḥayyîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - living/alive",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on",
"*ʾădāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - ground/land",
"*bᵉnêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with third person masculine plural suffix - their sons",
"*yᵉlammēdûn*": "verb, piel imperfect, third person masculine plural - they will teach"
},
"variants": {
"*yôm*": "day/time/occasion",
"*ʿāmadtā*": "you stood/you were positioned",
"*Ḥōrēb*": "Horeb/Mount Sinai",
"*beʾĕmōr*": "when said/when spoke",
"*haqhel*": "assemble/gather/congregate",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk",
"*wᵉʾashmîʿēm*": "and I will cause them to hear/and I will let them hear",
"*dᵉbārāy*": "my words/my statements/my commands",
"*yilmᵉdûn*": "they will learn/they will study/they will become accustomed to",
"*lᵉyirʾâ*": "to fear/to reverence/to be in awe of",
"*yāmîm*": "days/time/lifetime",
"*ḥayyîm*": "living/alive/existing",
"*ʾădāmâ*": "ground/land/earth/soil",
"*yᵉlammēdûn*": "they will teach/they will train/they will instruct"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.11",
"source": "וַתִּקְרְב֥וּן וַתַּֽעַמְד֖וּן תַּ֣חַת הָהָ֑ר וְהָהָ֞ר בֹּעֵ֤ר בָּאֵשׁ֙ עַד־לֵ֣ב הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם חֹ֖שֶׁךְ עָנָ֥ן וַעֲרָפֶֽל",
"text": "And-*wattiqrᵉbûn* and-*wattaʿamdûn* under the-*hār*, and-the-*hār* *bōʿēr* in-the-*ʾēsh* unto-*lēb* the-*shāmayim* *ḥōshek* *ʿānān* and-*waʿărāpel*",
"grammar": {
"*wa*": "conjunction - and",
"*ttiqrᵉbûn*": "verb, qal imperfect, second person masculine plural - you approached",
"*ttaʿamdûn*": "verb, qal imperfect, second person masculine plural - you stood",
"*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath",
"*hār*": "noun, masculine singular - mountain",
"*hāhār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain",
"*bōʿēr*": "participle, qal, masculine singular - burning",
"*bā*": "preposition with definite article - in the",
"*ʾēsh*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*ʿad*": "preposition - unto/to/as far as",
"*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of",
"*shāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural - heavens/sky",
"*ḥōshek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness",
"*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud",
"*waʿărāpel*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - and thick darkness"
},
"variants": {
"*ttiqrᵉbûn*": "you approached/you came near/you drew near",
"*ttaʿamdûn*": "you stood/you positioned yourselves",
"*hār*": "mountain/hill/mount",
"*bōʿēr*": "burning/consuming/blazing",
"*ʾēsh*": "fire/flame",
"*lēb*": "heart/center/midst",
"*shāmayim*": "heavens/sky/atmosphere",
"*ḥōshek*": "darkness/obscurity",
"*ʿānān*": "cloud/mass of clouds",
"*ʿărāpel*": "thick darkness/heavy clouds/gloom"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.12",
"source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם מִתּ֣וֹךְ הָאֵ֑שׁ ק֤וֹל דְּבָרִים֙ אַתֶּ֣ם שֹׁמְעִ֔ים וּתְמוּנָ֛ה אֵינְכֶ֥ם רֹאִ֖ים זוּלָתִ֥י קֽוֹל",
"text": "And-*wayᵉdabbēr* *YHWH* to-you from-*tôk* the-*ʾēsh*; *qôl* *dᵉbārîm* *ʾattem* *shōmᵉʿîm* and-*ûtᵉmûnâ* not-you *rōʾîm* besides *qôl*",
"grammar": {
"*wa*": "conjunction - and",
"*yᵉdabbēr*": "verb, piel imperfect, third person masculine singular - he spoke",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name",
"*ʾălêkem*": "preposition with second person masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*mittôk*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of",
"*ʾēsh*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of/voice of",
"*dᵉbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - words/things",
"*ʾattem*": "pronoun, second person masculine plural - you",
"*shōmᵉʿîm*": "participle, qal, masculine plural - hearing",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*tᵉmûnâ*": "noun, feminine singular - form/likeness",
"*ʾênkem*": "particle of negation with second person masculine plural suffix - you are not",
"*rōʾîm*": "participle, qal, masculine plural - seeing",
"*zûlātî*": "preposition - besides/except",
"*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular - sound/voice"
},
"variants": {
"*yᵉdabbēr*": "he spoke/he said/he declared",
"*tôk*": "midst/middle/among",
"*ʾēsh*": "fire/flame",
"*qôl*": "sound/voice/noise",
"*dᵉbārîm*": "words/things/matters",
"*shōmᵉʿîm*": "hearing/listening/understanding",
"*tᵉmûnâ*": "form/likeness/representation/image",
"*rōʾîm*": "seeing/perceiving/beholding",
"*zûlātî*": "besides/except/apart from"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.13",
"source": "וַיַּגֵּ֨ד לָכֶ֜ם אֶת־בְּרִית֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֤ה אֶתְכֶם֙ לַעֲשׂ֔וֹת עֲשֶׂ֖רֶת הַדְּבָרִ֑ים וַֽיִּכְתְּבֵ֔ם עַל־שְׁנֵ֖י לֻח֥וֹת אֲבָנִֽים",
"text": "And-*wayyaggēd* to-you *ʾet*-his-*bᵉrîtô* which *ṣiwwâ* *ʾetkhem* to-*laʿăśôt*, *ʿăśeret* the-*dᵉbārîm*, and-*wayyiktᵉbēm* upon-*shᵉnê* *luḥôt* *ʾăbānîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wa*": "conjunction - and",
"*yyaggēd*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, third person masculine singular - he declared",
"*lākem*": "preposition with second person masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*bᵉrîtô*": "noun, feminine singular with third person masculine singular suffix - his covenant",
"*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "verb, piel perfect, third person masculine singular - he commanded",
"*ʾetkhem*": "direct object marker with second person masculine plural suffix - you",
"*laʿăśôt*": "preposition with infinitive construct, qal - to do/perform",
"*ʿăśeret*": "cardinal number, feminine construct - ten of",
"*dᵉbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - words/things",
"*wayyiktᵉbēm*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect, third person masculine singular with third person masculine plural suffix - and he wrote them",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on",
"*shᵉnê*": "cardinal number, masculine dual construct - two of",
"*luḥôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tablets of",
"*ʾăbānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - stones"
},
"variants": {
"*yyaggēd*": "he declared/he told/he announced",
"*bᵉrîtô*": "his covenant/his agreement/his treaty",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "he commanded/he ordered/he instructed",
"*laʿăśôt*": "to do/to perform/to practice",
"*ʿăśeret*": "ten/tenth",
"*dᵉbārîm*": "words/sayings/commandments",
"*wayyiktᵉbēm*": "and he wrote them/and he inscribed them",
"*luḥôt*": "tablets/plates/boards",
"*ʾăbānîm*": "stones/rocks"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.14",
"source": "וְאֹתִ֞י צִוָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔וא לְלַמֵּ֣ד אֶתְכֶ֔ם חֻקִּ֖ים וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֑ים לַעֲשֹׂתְכֶ֣ם אֹתָ֔ם בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתֶּ֛ם עֹבְרִ֥ים שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃",
"text": "*wə-* me *ṣiwwāh YHWH* in *ʿēt* the-that to-*lammēd* *ʾetkem ḥuqqîm û-mišpāṭîm* to-*ʿăśōtkem* them in-*hā-ʾāreṣ* which you *ʿōbərîm* there to-*rištāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1st person singular suffix - me",
"*ṣiwwāh*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - commanded",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*bā-ʿēt*": "preposition + definite article + feminine noun - in the time",
"*ha-hîʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that",
"*lə-lammēd*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to teach",
"*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you",
"*ḥuqqîm*": "masculine plural noun - statutes/decrees",
"*û-mišpāṭîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and judgments/ordinances",
"*la-ʿăśōtkem*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - for your doing",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*bā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine noun - in the land",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural pronoun - you",
"*ʿōbərîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - crossing over",
"*šāmmāh*": "adverb - there",
"*lə-rištāh*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to possess it"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed",
"*ʿēt*": "time/season/period",
"*lammēd*": "teach/instruct/train",
"*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes/decrees/laws",
"*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/legal decisions",
"*ʿăśōtkem*": "doing/performing/observing",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/territory",
"*ʿōbərîm*": "crossing over/passing through",
"*rištāh*": "possess it/inherit it/take ownership of it"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.15",
"source": "וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם מְאֹ֖ד לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֣י לֹ֤א רְאִיתֶם֙ כָּל־תְּמוּנָ֔ה בְּי֗וֹם דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה אֲלֵיכֶ֛ם בְּחֹרֵ֖ב מִתּ֥וֹךְ הָאֵֽשׁ׃",
"text": "*wə-nišmartem məʾōd lə-napšōtêkem kî lōʾ rəʾîtem kol-təmûnāh bə-yôm dibber YHWH ʾălêkem bə-ḥōrēb mittôk hā-ʾēš*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-nišmartem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall guard/watch",
"*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly/greatly",
"*lə-napšōtêkem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - for your souls/selves",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*rəʾîtem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you saw",
"*kol-təmûnāh*": "construct chain: noun + feminine singular noun - any form/likeness",
"*bə-yôm*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in day/when",
"*dibber*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - spoke",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*ʾălêkem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*bə-ḥōrēb*": "preposition + proper noun - in Horeb",
"*mittôk*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - from midst of",
"*hā-ʾēš*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the fire"
},
"variants": {
"*nišmartem*": "guard yourselves/watch yourselves/take heed for yourselves",
"*məʾōd*": "exceedingly/greatly/diligently/very",
"*napšōtêkem*": "your souls/your lives/yourselves",
"*təmûnāh*": "form/likeness/image/representation",
"*yôm*": "day/time/when",
"*dibber*": "spoke/talked/uttered",
"*ḥōrēb*": "Horeb (alternative name for Mount Sinai)",
"*tôk*": "midst/middle/among",
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame"
}
}