20 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.20",
"source": "וְהִזְהַרְתָּ֣ה אֶתְהֶ֔ם אֶת־הַחֻקִּ֖ים וְאֶת־הַתּוֹרֹ֑ת וְהוֹדַעְתָּ֣ לָהֶ֗ם אֶת־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ יֵ֣לְכוּ בָ֔הּ וְאֶת־הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַעֲשֽׂוּן׃",
"text": "*wə*-*hizhartāh* *ʾethem* *ʾet*-*haḥuqqîm* and-*ʾet*-*hattôrōt* *wə*-*hôdaʿtā* to-them *ʾet*-*hadderekh* *yēləḵû* in-it and-*ʾet*-*hammaʿăśeh* which *yaʿăśûn*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*-*hizhartāh*": "conjunction with perfect, 2nd masculine singular, hiphil form - and you shall warn/teach",
"*ʾethem*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*haḥuqqîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the statutes",
"*hattôrōt*": "article with noun, feminine plural - the laws/instructions",
"*wə*-*hôdaʿtā*": "conjunction with perfect, 2nd masculine singular, hiphil form - and you shall make known",
"*hadderekh*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the way",
"*yēləḵû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall walk",
"*hammaʿăśeh*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the work/deed",
"*yaʿăśûn*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with paragogic nun - they shall do"
},
"variants": {
"*hizhartāh*": "warn/teach/instruct/caution",
"*hadderekh*": "the way/path/manner",
"*hammaʿăśeh*": "the work/deed/action"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.21",
"source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה תֶחֱזֶ֣ה מִכָּל־הָ֠עָם אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֜יִל יִרְאֵ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אַנְשֵׁ֥י אֱמֶ֖ת שֹׂ֣נְאֵי בָ֑צַע וְשַׂמְתָּ֣ עֲלֵהֶ֗ם שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֔וֹת שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת׃",
"text": "And-you *teḥĕzeh* from-all-*hāʿām* *ʾanšê*-*ḥayil* *yirʾê* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾanšê* *ʾĕmet* *śōnəʾê* *bāṣaʿ* *wə*-*śamtā* over-them *śārê* *ʾălāpîm* *śārê* *mēʾôt* *śārê* *ḥămiššîm* and-*śārê* *ʿăśārōt*",
"grammar": {
"*teḥĕzeh*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall select/see",
"*hāʿām*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the people",
"*ʾanšê*-*ḥayil*": "noun, masculine plural construct with noun - men of ability",
"*yirʾê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - fearers of",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular - truth",
"*śōnəʾê*": "participle, masculine plural construct - haters of",
"*bāṣaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - unjust gain",
"*wə*-*śamtā*": "conjunction with perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall set",
"*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rulers of",
"*ʾălāpîm*": "noun, masculine plural - thousands",
"*mēʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - hundreds",
"*ḥămiššîm*": "numeral, common plural - fifties",
"*ʿăśārōt*": "noun, feminine plural - tens"
},
"variants": {
"*teḥĕzeh*": "select/provide/look out/see",
"*ʾanšê*-*ḥayil*": "men of ability/capable men/men of valor",
"*bāṣaʿ*": "unjust gain/dishonest profit/covetousness"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.22",
"source": "וְשָׁפְט֣וּ אֶת־הָעָם֮ בְּכָל־עֵת֒ וְהָיָ֞ה כָּל־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַגָּדֹל֙ יָבִ֣יאוּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְכָל־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַקָּטֹ֖ן יִשְׁפְּטוּ־הֵ֑ם וְהָקֵל֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יךָ וְנָשְׂא֖וּ אִתָּֽךְ׃",
"text": "*wə*-*šāpəṭû* *ʾet*-*hāʿām* in-all-*ʿēt* *wə*-*hāyāh* all-*haddābār* *haggādōl* *yābîʾû* to-you and-all-*haddābār* *haqqāṭōn* *yišpəṭû*-they *wə*-*hāqēl* from-upon-you *wə*-*nāśəʾû* with-you",
"grammar": {
"*wə*-*šāpəṭû*": "conjunction with perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall judge",
"*hāʿām*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the people",
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular - time",
"*wə*-*hāyāh*": "conjunction with perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be",
"*haddābār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the matter",
"*haggādōl*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the great",
"*yābîʾû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, hiphil form - they shall bring",
"*haqqāṭōn*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the small",
"*yišpəṭû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall judge",
"*wə*-*hāqēl*": "conjunction with imperative, masculine singular, hiphil form - and make it lighter",
"*wə*-*nāśəʾû*": "conjunction with perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall bear"
},
"variants": {
"*hāqēl*": "make lighter/ease/relieve",
"*nāśəʾû*": "they shall bear/carry/lift"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.23",
"source": "אִ֣ם אֶת־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְצִוְּךָ֣ אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְיָֽכָלְתָּ֖ עֲמֹ֑ד וְגַם֙ כָּל־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה עַל־מְקֹמ֖וֹ יָבֹ֥א בְשָׁלֽוֹם׃",
"text": "If *ʾet*-*haddābār* *hazzeh* *taʿăśeh* and-*ṣiwwəḵā* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wə*-*yāḵāltā* *ʿămōd* and-also all-*hāʿām* *hazzeh* to-*məqōmô* *yābōʾ* in-*šālôm*",
"grammar": {
"*haddābār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the thing",
"*hazzeh*": "article with demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*taʿăśeh*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you do",
"*ṣiwwəḵā*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix, piel form - he commands you",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God",
"*wə*-*yāḵāltā*": "conjunction with perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you will be able",
"*ʿămōd*": "infinitive construct - to stand",
"*hāʿām*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the people",
"*hazzeh*": "article with demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*məqōmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his place",
"*yābōʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will come/go",
"*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣiwwəḵā*": "commands you/directs you/orders you",
"*yāḵāltā* *ʿămōd*": "you will be able to endure/you will be able to stand",
"*šālôm*": "peace/well-being/wholeness/welfare"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.24",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע מֹשֶׁ֖ה לְק֣וֹל חֹתְנ֑וֹ וַיַּ֕עַשׂ כֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר אָמָֽר׃",
"text": "*wə*-*yišmaʿ* *mōšeh* to-*qôl* *ḥōtenô* *wə*-*yaʿaś* all which *ʾāmār*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*-*yišmaʿ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he listened",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice of",
"*ḥōtenô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law",
"*wə*-*yaʿaś*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he did",
"*ʾāmār*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he had said"
},
"variants": {
"*yišmaʿ* to-*qôl*": "listened to the voice/heeded the advice/obeyed"
}
}