3 {
"verseID": "1 Kings.12.3",
"source": "וַֽיִּשְׁלְחוּ֙ וַיִּקְרְאוּ־ל֔וֹ ויבאו וַיָּבֹ֥א יָרָבְעָ֖ם וְכָל־קְהַ֣ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַֽיְדַבְּר֔וּ אֶל־רְחַבְעָ֖ם לֵאמֹֽר׃",
"text": "And *wayyišleḥû* and *wayyiqreʾû*-to-him, and *wayyāḇōʾ* *Yāroḇʿām* and all-*qehal* *Yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayedabberû* to-*Reḥaḇʿām* *lēʾmōr*:",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišleḥû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural of שלח - and they sent",
"*wayyiqreʾû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural of קרא - and they called",
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of בוא - and he came/came in [Ketiv/Qere variation with ויבאו]",
"*Yāroḇʿām*": "proper noun, masculine - Jeroboam",
"*qehal*": "construct noun, masculine singular - assembly of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Israel",
"*wayedabberû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural of דבר - and they spoke",
"*Reḥaḇʿām*": "proper noun, masculine - Rehoboam",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition ל + qal infinitive construct of אמר - saying"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyišleḥû*": "and they sent/dispatched",
"*wayyiqreʾû*": "and they called/summoned",
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "and he came/entered [text shows scribal note with alternate reading 'and they came']",
"*qehal*": "assembly/congregation/community",
"*wayedabberû*": "and they spoke/said/addressed",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "1 Kings.12.4",
"source": "אָבִ֖יךָ הִקְשָׁ֣ה אֶת־עֻלֵּ֑נוּ וְאַתָּ֡ה עַתָּ֣ה הָקֵל֩ מֵעֲבֹדַ֨ת אָבִ֜יךָ הַקָּשָׁ֗ה וּמֵעֻלּ֧וֹ הַכָּבֵ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥ן עָלֵ֖ינוּ וְנַעַבְדֶֽךָּ׃",
"text": "*ʾĀḇîkā* *hiqšāh* the-*ʿullēnû*, and you *ʿattāh* *hāqēl* from-*ʿaḇōdat* *ʾāḇîkā* the-*haqqāšāh* and-from-*ʿullô* the-*hakkāḇēd* which-*nātan* upon-us, and *naʿaḇdekā*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾĀḇîkā*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*hiqšāh*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular of קשה - made hard/difficult",
"*ʿullēnû*": "noun + 1st plural suffix - our yoke",
"*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now",
"*hāqēl*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular of קלל - make light/lighten",
"*ʿaḇōdat*": "construct noun, feminine singular - service of/labor of",
"*ʾāḇîkā*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*haqqāšāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the hard/difficult",
"*ʿullô*": "noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his yoke",
"*hakkāḇēd*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the heavy",
"*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - gave/put",
"*naʿaḇdekā*": "qal imperfect, 1st plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - we will serve you"
},
"variants": {
"*hiqšāh*": "made hard/made difficult/made severe",
"*ʿullēnû*": "our yoke/our burden",
"*hāqēl*": "lighten/make easier/reduce",
"*ʿaḇōdat*": "service/labor/work",
"*haqqāšāh*": "the hard/difficult/harsh",
"*hakkāḇēd*": "the heavy/burdensome/oppressive",
"*nātan*": "gave/put/placed",
"*naʿaḇdekā*": "we will serve you/be your servants"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "1 Kings.12.5",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם לְכ֥וּ עֹ֛ד שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה יָמִ֖ים וְשׁ֣וּבוּ אֵלָ֑י וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ הָעָֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to-them, *lekû* yet *šelōšāh* *yāmîm* and *šûḇû* to-me. And *wayyēlkû* the-*ʿām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of אמר - and he said",
"*lekû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural of הלך - go",
"*šelōšāh*": "cardinal number, masculine - three",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days",
"*šûḇû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural of שוב - return",
"*wayyēlkû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural of הלך - and they went",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke/told",
"*lekû*": "go/depart/leave",
"*šûḇû*": "return/come back/turn back",
"*wayyēlkû*": "and they went/departed/left",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "1 Kings.12.6",
"source": "וַיִּוָּעַ֞ץ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ רְחַבְעָ֗ם אֶת־הַזְּקֵנִים֙ אֲשֶׁר־הָי֣וּ עֹמְדִ֗ים אֶת־פְּנֵי֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה אָבִ֔יו בִּֽהְיֹת֥וֹ חַ֖י לֵאמֹ֑ר אֵ֚יךְ אַתֶּ֣ם נֽוֹעָצִ֔ים לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶת־הָֽעָם־הַזֶּ֖ה דָּבָֽר׃",
"text": "And *wayyiwwāʿeṣ* the-king *Reḥaḇʿām* with-the-*zeqēnîm* who-*hāyû* *ʿōmedîm* before-the-face-of *Šelōmōh* his-father in-*biheyôtô* *ḥay* *lēʾmōr*: *ʾêk* you *nôʿāṣîm* to-*hāšîḇ* to-the-*ʿām*-this *dāḇār*?",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiwwāʿeṣ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular niphal of יעץ - and he consulted/took counsel",
"*Reḥaḇʿām*": "proper noun, masculine - Rehoboam",
"*zeqēnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - elders",
"*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural of היה - they were",
"*ʿōmedîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural of עמד - standing/who stood",
"*Šelōmōh*": "proper noun, masculine - Solomon",
"*biheyôtô*": "preposition ב + qal infinitive construct of היה + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his being/while he was",
"*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular - alive",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition ל + qal infinitive construct of אמר - saying",
"*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how",
"*nôʿāṣîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural of יעץ - advising/counseling",
"*hāšîḇ*": "hiphil infinitive construct of שוב - to return/to answer",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people",
"*dāḇār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/thing/matter"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiwwāʿeṣ*": "and he consulted/sought counsel from/took advice from",
"*zeqēnîm*": "elders/old men/seniors",
"*ʿōmedîm*": "standing/serving/attending",
"*biheyôtô*": "while he was/during his lifetime",
"*ḥay*": "alive/living",
"*ʾêk*": "how/in what way",
"*nôʿāṣîm*": "advising/counseling/recommending",
"*hāšîḇ*": "to return/to answer/to reply",
"*dāḇār*": "word/matter/answer"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "1 Kings.12.7",
"source": "וידבר וַיְדַבְּר֨וּ אֵלָ֜יו לֵאמֹ֗ר אִם־הַ֠יּוֹם תִּֽהְיֶה־עֶ֜בֶד לָעָ֤ם הַזֶּה֙ וַֽעֲבַדְתָּ֔ם וַעֲנִיתָ֕ם וְדִבַּרְתָּ֥ אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם דְּבָרִ֣ים טוֹבִ֑ים וְהָי֥וּ לְךָ֛ עֲבָדִ֖ים כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃",
"text": "And *wayedabberû* to-him *lēʾmōr*: If-*hayyôm* *tihyeh*-*ʿeḇed* to-the-*ʿām* the-this and-*ʿaḇadtām* and-*ʿanîtām* and-*dibbartā* to-them *deḇārîm* *ṭôḇîm*, and-*hāyû* to-you *ʿaḇādîm* all-the-*hayyāmîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayedabberû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural of דבר - and they spoke [Ketiv/Qere variation with וידבר]",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition ל + qal infinitive construct of אמר - saying",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day/today",
"*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular of היה - you will be",
"*ʿeḇed*": "noun, masculine singular - servant",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people",
"*ʿaḇadtām*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - you serve them",
"*ʿanîtām*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular of ענה + 3rd masculine plural suffix - you answer them",
"*dibbartā*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine singular of דבר - you speak",
"*deḇārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - words",
"*ṭôḇîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - good",
"*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural of היה - they will be",
"*ʿaḇādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - servants",
"*hayyāmîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the days"
},
"variants": {
"*wayedabberû*": "and they spoke/said [text shows scribal note with alternate reading 'and he spoke']",
"*hayyôm*": "today/this day",
"*tihyeh*": "you will be/become",
"*ʿeḇed*": "servant/slave",
"*ʿaḇadtām*": "you serve them/attend to them",
"*ʿanîtām*": "you answer them/respond to them",
"*dibbartā*": "you speak/say/address",
"*deḇārîm*": "words/things/matters",
"*ṭôḇîm*": "good/pleasant/favorable",
"*hāyû*": "they will be/become",
"*ʿaḇādîm*": "servants/slaves",
"*hayyāmîm*": "the days/forever"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "1 Kings.12.8",
"source": "וַֽיַּעֲזֹ֛ב אֶת־עֲצַ֥ת הַזְּקֵנִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר יְעָצֻ֑הוּ וַיִּוָּעַ֗ץ אֶת־הַיְלָדִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר גָּדְל֣וּ אִתּ֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָעֹמְדִ֖ים לְפָנָֽיו׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿazōḇ* the-*ʿaṣat* the-*zeqēnîm* which *yeʿāṣuhû*, and *wayyiwwāʿeṣ* with-the-*yelādîm* who *gādelû* with-him, who the-*hāʿōmedîm* before-him.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿazōḇ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of עזב - and he forsook",
"*ʿaṣat*": "construct noun, feminine singular - counsel of",
"*zeqēnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - elders",
"*yeʿāṣuhû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they counseled him",
"*wayyiwwāʿeṣ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular niphal of יעץ - and he consulted",
"*yelādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - youths/young men",
"*gādelû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural of גדל - they grew up",
"*hāʿōmedîm*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine plural of עמד - the standing ones"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿazōḇ*": "and he forsook/abandoned/rejected",
"*ʿaṣat*": "counsel/advice",
"*zeqēnîm*": "elders/old men",
"*yeʿāṣuhû*": "they counseled him/advised him",
"*wayyiwwāʿeṣ*": "and he consulted/took counsel with",
"*yelādîm*": "youths/young men/boys",
"*gādelû*": "they grew up/matured/were raised",
"*hāʿōmedîm*": "the standing ones/who stood/who served"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "1 Kings.12.9",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם מָ֚ה אַתֶּ֣ם נֽוֹעָצִ֔ים וְנָשִׁ֥יב דָּבָ֖ר אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבְּר֤וּ אֵלַי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הָקֵל֙ מִן־הָעֹ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥ן אָבִ֖יךָ עָלֵֽינוּ׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to-them, *māh* you *nôʿāṣîm* and-*nāšîḇ* *dāḇār* to-the-*ʿām* the-this who *dibberû* to-me *lēʾmōr*, *hāqēl* from-the-*ʿōl* which-*nātan* your-father upon-us?",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of אמר - and he said",
"*māh*": "interrogative pronoun - what",
"*nôʿāṣîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural of יעץ - advising",
"*nāšîḇ*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st plural of שוב - we will return/answer",
"*dāḇār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/answer",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people",
"*dibberû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural of דבר - they spoke",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition ל + qal infinitive construct of אמר - saying",
"*hāqēl*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular of קלל - make light",
"*ʿōl*": "noun, masculine singular - yoke",
"*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular of נתן - gave/put"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke/asked",
"*māh*": "what/how",
"*nôʿāṣîm*": "advising/counseling/recommending",
"*nāšîḇ*": "we will return/answer/reply",
"*dāḇār*": "word/answer/matter",
"*dibberû*": "they spoke/said/addressed",
"*hāqēl*": "lighten/ease/reduce",
"*ʿōl*": "yoke/burden",
"*nātan*": "gave/put/placed"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "1 Kings.12.10",
"source": "וַיְדַבְּר֣וּ אֵלָ֗יו הַיְלָדִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר גָּדְל֣וּ אִתּוֹ֮ לֵאמֹר֒ כֹּֽה־תֹאמַ֣ר לָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֡ה אֲשֶׁר֩ דִּבְּר֨וּ אֵלֶ֜יךָ לֵאמֹ֗ר אָבִ֙יךָ֙ הִכְבִּ֣יד אֶת־עֻלֵּ֔נוּ וְאַתָּ֖ה הָקֵ֣ל מֵעָלֵ֑ינוּ כֹּ֚ה תְּדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם קָֽטָנִּ֥י עָבָ֖ה מִמָּתְנֵ֥י אָבִֽי׃",
"text": "And *wayedabberû* to-him the-*yelādîm* who *gādelû* with-him *lēʾmōr*: Thus-*tōʾmar* to-the-*ʿām* the-this who *dibberû* to-you *lēʾmōr*, Your-father *hikbîd* our-*ʿullēnû* and-you *hāqēl* from-upon-us; thus *tedabbēr* to-them: My-*qāṭannî* *ʿāḇāh* from-the-*motnê* of-my-father.",
"grammar": {
"*wayedabberû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural of דבר - and they spoke",
"*yelādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - young men",
"*gādelû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural of גדל - they grew up",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition ל + qal infinitive construct of אמר - saying",
"*tōʾmar*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular of אמר - you shall say",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people",
"*dibberû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural of דבר - they spoke",
"*hikbîd*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular of כבד - made heavy",
"*ʿullēnû*": "noun + 1st plural suffix - our yoke",
"*hāqēl*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular of קלל - make light",
"*tedabbēr*": "piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular of דבר - you shall speak",
"*qāṭannî*": "adjective, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my little finger",
"*ʿāḇāh*": "adjective, masculine singular - thick",
"*motnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - loins of"
},
"variants": {
"*wayedabberû*": "and they spoke/said/answered",
"*yelādîm*": "young men/youths/boys",
"*gādelû*": "they grew up/were raised/matured",
"*tōʾmar*": "you shall say/tell/speak",
"*hikbîd*": "made heavy/burdened/oppressed",
"*ʿullēnû*": "our yoke/our burden",
"*hāqēl*": "lighten/ease/reduce",
"*tedabbēr*": "you shall speak/say/tell",
"*qāṭannî*": "my little finger/my smallest part",
"*ʿāḇāh*": "thick/heavy/stout",
"*motnê*": "loins/waist/strength"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "1 Kings.12.11",
"source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה אָבִי֙ הֶעְמִ֤יס עֲלֵיכֶם֙ עֹ֣ל כָּבֵ֔ד וַאֲנִ֖י אוֹסִ֣יף עַֽל־עֻלְּכֶ֑ם אָבִ֗י יִסַּ֤ר אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים׃",
"text": "And-*ʿattāh*, my-father *heʿemîs* upon-you *ʿōl* *kāḇēd*, and-I *ʾôsîp* upon-your-*ʿullekem*; my-father *yissar* you with-the-*šôṭîm*, and-I *ʾayassēr* you with-the-*ʿaqrabbîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now",
"*heʿemîs*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular of עמס - loaded/burdened",
"*ʿōl*": "noun, masculine singular - yoke",
"*kāḇēd*": "adjective, masculine singular - heavy",
"*ʾôsîp*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular of יסף - I will add",
"*ʿullekem*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your yoke",
"*yissar*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular of יסר - disciplined/chastised",
"*šôṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - whips",
"*ʾayassēr*": "piel imperfect, 1st singular of יסר - I will discipline/chastise",
"*ʿaqrabbîm*": "noun, masculine plural - scorpions/scourges"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿattāh*": "now/at this time",
"*heʿemîs*": "loaded/burdened/laid upon",
"*ʿōl*": "yoke/burden",
"*kāḇēd*": "heavy/burdensome/severe",
"*ʾôsîp*": "I will add/increase",
"*yissar*": "disciplined/chastised/punished",
"*šôṭîm*": "whips/lashes",
"*ʾayassēr*": "I will discipline/chastise/punish",
"*ʿaqrabbîm*": "scorpions/scourges/barbed whips"
}
}