1 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.1",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע יִתְר֨וֹ כֹהֵ֤ן מִדְיָן֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֤ה אֱלֹהִים֙ לְמֹשֶׁ֔ה וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַמּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־הוֹצִ֧יא יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃",
"text": "*wə*-*yišmaʿ* *yitrô* *kōhēn* *midyān* *ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* *ʾēt* all-which *ʿāśāh* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*mōšeh* and-to-*yiśrāʾēl* *ʿammô* that-*hôṣîʾ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl* from-*miṣrayim*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*-*yišmaʿ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he heard",
"*yitrô*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jethro",
"*kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - priest of",
"*midyān*": "proper noun - Midian",
"*ḥōtēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father-in-law of",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿāśāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - had done",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning) - God",
"*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people",
"*hôṣîʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil form - had brought out",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt"
},
"variants": {
"*yitrô*": "Jethro (meaning 'his excellence/abundance')",
"*ḥōtēn*": "father-in-law/relative by marriage",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings/mighty ones",
"*ʿammô*": "his people/his nation/his folk"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.2",
"source": "וַיִּקַּ֗ח יִתְרוֹ֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֶת־צִפֹּרָ֖ה אֵ֣שֶׁת מֹשֶׁ֑ה אַחַ֖ר שִׁלּוּחֶֽיהָ׃",
"text": "*wə*-*yiqqaḥ* *yitrô* *ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* *ʾet*-*ṣippōrāh* *ʾēšet* *mōšeh* after *šillûḥeyhā*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*-*yiqqaḥ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took",
"*yitrô*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jethro",
"*ḥōtēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father-in-law of",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ṣippōrāh*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Zipporah",
"*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of",
"*šillûḥeyhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sending away/dismissal"
},
"variants": {
"*šillûḥeyhā*": "her being sent away/her dismissal/after Moses had sent her back"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.3",
"source": "וְאֵ֖ת שְׁנֵ֣י בָנֶ֑יהָ אֲשֶׁ֨ר שֵׁ֤ם הָֽאֶחָד֙ גֵּֽרְשֹׁ֔ם כִּ֣י אָמַ֔ר גֵּ֣ר הָיִ֔יתִי בְּאֶ֖רֶץ נָכְרִיָּֽה׃",
"text": "*wə*-*ʾēt* two *bāneyhā* which name *hāʾeḥād* *gēršōm* because *ʾāmar* *gēr* *hāyîtî* in-*ʾereṣ* *nokrîyāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*-*ʾēt*": "conjunction with direct object marker - and [he took]",
"*bāneyhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sons",
"*hāʾeḥād*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the one",
"*gēršōm*": "proper noun - Gershom",
"*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said",
"*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular - sojourner/foreigner",
"*hāyîtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I was/have been",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*nokrîyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - foreign/strange"
},
"variants": {
"*gēršōm*": "Gershom (sounds like 'sojourner there')",
"*gēr*": "sojourner/foreigner/resident alien/stranger",
"*nokrîyāh*": "foreign/strange/alien"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.4",
"source": "וְשֵׁ֥ם הָאֶחָ֖ד אֱלִיעֶ֑זֶר כִּֽי־אֱלֹהֵ֤י אָבִי֙ בְּעֶזְרִ֔י וַיַּצִּלֵ֖נִי מֵחֶ֥רֶב פַּרְעֹֽה׃",
"text": "*wə*-name *hāʾeḥād* *ʾĕlîʿezer* because-*ʾĕlōhê* *ʾābî* in-*ʿezrî* *wə*-*yaṣṣilēnî* from-*ḥereb* *parʿōh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*-name": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct - and name of",
"*hāʾeḥād*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the one/the other",
"*ʾĕlîʿezer*": "proper noun - Eliezer",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of",
"*ʾābî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my father",
"*ʿezrî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my help",
"*wə*-*yaṣṣilēnî*": "conjunction with imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix, hiphil form - and he delivered me",
"*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sword of",
"*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĕlîʿezer*": "Eliezer (meaning 'my God is help')",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/gods of/deity of"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Exodus.18.5",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֞א יִתְר֨וֹ חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֛ה וּבָנָ֥יו וְאִשְׁתּ֖וֹ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה אֶל־הַמִּדְבָּ֗ר אֲשֶׁר־ה֛וּא חֹנֶ֥ה שָׁ֖ם הַ֥ר הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃",
"text": "*wə*-*yābōʾ* *yitrô* *ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* and-*bānāyw* and-*ʾištô* to-*mōšeh* to-*hammidbār* which-he *ḥōneh* there *har* *hāʾĕlōhîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*-*yābōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came",
"*yitrô*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jethro",
"*ḥōtēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father-in-law of",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons",
"*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wife",
"*hammidbār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the wilderness",
"*ḥōneh*": "participle, masculine singular - encamping/camping",
"*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of",
"*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the God/the divine one"
},
"variants": {
"*hammidbār*": "the wilderness/desert/uninhabited land",
"*har* *hāʾĕlōhîm*": "mountain of God/Horeb/Sinai"
}
}