Genesis 29:32

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Genesis.29.32", "source": "וַתַּ֤הַר לֵאָה֙ וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ רְאוּבֵ֑ן כִּ֣י אָֽמְרָ֗ה כִּֽי־רָאָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ בְּעָנְיִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה יֶאֱהָבַ֥נִי אִישִֽׁי׃", "text": "*wa-ttahar* *lēʾāh* *wa-ttēled* *bēn*, *wa-ttiqrāʾ* *šəmô* *rəʾûbēn*, because she-*ʾāmərāh*, because-*rāʾāh* *YHWH* in-*ʿānyî*, because now *yeʾĕhābanî* *ʾîšî*", "grammar": { "*wa-ttahar*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she conceived", "*lēʾāh*": "proper noun, feminine - Leah", "*wa-ttēled*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she bore", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*wa-ttiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she called", "*šəmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*rəʾûbēn*": "proper noun, masculine - Reuben", "*ʾāmərāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she said", "*rāʾāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has seen", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʿānyî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my affliction", "*yeʾĕhābanî*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - he will love me", "*ʾîšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my husband" }, "variants": { "*rəʾûbēn*": "See, a son! (wordplay)", "*ʿānyî*": "my affliction/my misery/my suffering" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַתַּ֤הַר לֵאָה֙ וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ רְאוּבֵ֑ן כִּ֣י אָֽמְרָ֗ה כִּֽי־רָאָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ בְּעָנְיִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה יֶאֱהָבַ֥נִי אִישִֽׁי׃

Transliteration

wa-ttahar lēʾāh wa-ttēled bēn, wa-ttiqrāʾ šəmô rəʾûbēn, because she-ʾāmərāh, because-rāʾāh YHWH in-ʿānyî, because now yeʾĕhābanî ʾîšî

Grammar Details

• *wa-ttahar*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she conceived
• *lēʾāh*: proper noun, feminine - Leah
• *wa-ttēled*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she bore
• *bēn*: noun, masculine singular - son
• *wa-ttiqrāʾ*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she called
• *šəmô*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name
• *rəʾûbēn*: proper noun, masculine - Reuben
• *ʾāmərāh*: qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she said
• *rāʾāh*: qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has seen
• *YHWH*: proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD
• *ʿānyî*: noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my affliction
• *yeʾĕhābanî*: qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - he will love me
• *ʾîšî*: noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my husband

Word Meanings

• *rəʾûbēn*: See, a son! (wordplay)
• *ʿānyî*: my affliction/my misery/my suffering

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Leah conceived and gave birth to a son, and she named him Reuben, for she said, 'Because the LORD has seen my misery, surely now my husband will love me.'

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And Leah conceived, and bare a son, and she called his name Reuben: for she said, Surely the LORD hath looked upon my affliction; now therefore my husband will love me.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And Leah conceived and bore a son, and she called his name Reuben; for she said, Surely the LORD has looked upon my affliction; now my husband will love me.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And Leah conceived, and bare a son, and she called his name Reuben: for she said, Surely the LORD hath looked upon my affliction; now therefore my husband will love me.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Leah{H3812} conceived,{H2029} and bare{H3205} a son,{H1121} and she called{H7121} his name{H8034} Reuben:{H7205} for{H3588} she said,{H559} Because{H3588} Jehovah{H3068} hath looked{H7200} upon my affliction;{H6040} for now{H3588} my husband{H376} will love{H157} me.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Leah{H3812} conceived{H2029}{(H8799)}, and bare{H3205}{(H8799)} a son{H1121}, and she called{H7121}{(H8799)} his name{H8034} Reuben{H7205}: for{H3588} she said{H559}{(H8804)}, Surely{H3588} the LORD{H3068} hath looked{H7200}{(H8804)} upon my affliction{H6040}; now therefore{H3588} my husband{H376} will love{H157}{(H8799)} me.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And Lea conceaued and bare a sonne ad called his name Rube for she sayde: the LORde hath loked apon my tribulation. And now my husbonde will loue me.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And Lea coceaued, and bare a sonne, whom she called Ruben, and sayde: The LORDE hath loked vpon my aduersite. Now wyll my husbande loue me.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And Leah conceiued & bare a sonne, and she called his name Reuben: for she said, Because the Lord hath looked vpon my tribulation, now therefore mine husband will loue me.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And Lea conceaued and bare a sonne, and she called his name Ruben: for she sayde, the Lord hath loked vpon my tribulation: nowe therfore my husband wyll loue me.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And Leah conceived, and bare a son, and she called his name Reuben: for she said, Surely the LORD hath looked upon my affliction; now therefore my husband will love me.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Leah conceived, and bore a son, and she named him Reuben. For she said, "Because Yahweh has looked at my affliction. For now my husband will love me."

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and Leah conceiveth, and beareth a son, and calleth his name Reuben, for she said, `Because Jehovah hath looked on mine affliction; because now doth my husband love me.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Leah conceived, and bare a son, and she called his name Reuben. For she said, Because Jehovah hath looked upon my affliction. For now my husband will love me.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Leah conceived, and bare a son, and she called his name Reuben: for she said, Because Jehovah hath looked upon my affliction; for now my husband will love me.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And Leah was with child, and gave birth to a son to whom she gave the name Reuben: for she said, The Lord has seen my sorrow; now my husband will have love for me.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Leah conceived, and bore a son, and she named him Reuben. For she said, "Because Yahweh has looked at my affliction. For now my husband will love me."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So Leah became pregnant and gave birth to a son. She named him Reuben, for she said,“The LORD has looked with pity on my oppressed condition. Surely my husband will love me now.”

Referenced Verses

• Exod 4:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Exodus.4.31", "source": "וַֽיַּאֲמֵ֖ן הָעָ֑ם וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֡וּ כִּֽי־פָקַ֨ד יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְכִ֤י רָאָה֙ אֶת־עָנְיָ֔ם וַֽיִּקְּד֖וּ וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוּֽוּ׃", "text": "And *yaʾămēn* the-*ʿām* and *yišmĕʿû* that-*pāqad* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*bĕnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* and-that *rāʾâh* *ʾet*-*ʿonyām* and *yiqqĕdû* and *yištaḥăwû*.", "grammar": { "*yaʾămēn*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw conversive - believed", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*yišmĕʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with waw conversive - they heard", "*pāqad*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - visited/attended to", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*rāʾâh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he saw", "*ʿonyām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their affliction", "*yiqqĕdû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with waw conversive - they bowed down", "*yištaḥăwû*": "hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with waw conversive - they worshiped" }, "variants": { "*pāqad*": "visited/attended to/showed concern for", "*ʿonyām*": "their affliction/their suffering/their misery", "*yiqqĕdû*": "bowed down/bent low/knelt", "*yištaḥăwû*": "worshiped/prostrated themselves/bowed down" } }
• Deut 26:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.26.7", "source": "וַנִּצְעַ֕ק אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־קֹלֵ֔נוּ וַיַּ֧רְא אֶת־עָנְיֵ֛נוּ וְאֶת־עֲמָלֵ֖נוּ וְאֶת־לַחֲצֵֽנוּ׃", "text": "And *ṣāʿaq* to *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhîm* of *ʾābôt* our and *šāmaʿ* *YHWH* *qôl* our and *rāʾâ* *ʿŏnî* our and *ʿāmāl* our and *laḥaṣ* our", "grammar": { "*ṣāʿaq*": "verb, imperfect, 1st plural with *wa-* prefix - and we cried out", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾābôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our fathers", "*šāmaʿ*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd singular masculine with *wa-* prefix - and he heard", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our voice", "*rāʾâ*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd singular masculine with *wa-* prefix - and he saw", "*ʿŏnî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our affliction", "*ʿāmāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our toil/trouble", "*laḥaṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our oppression" }, "variants": { "*ṣāʿaq*": "cry out/call/shout", "*ʾābôt*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*šāmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey/understand", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*rāʾâ*": "see/observe/perceive/consider", "*ʿŏnî*": "affliction/misery/poverty/trouble", "*ʿāmāl*": "toil/trouble/labor/misery", "*laḥaṣ*": "oppression/pressure/distress" } }
• Exod 3:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.3.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה רָאֹ֥ה רָאִ֛יתִי אֶת־עֳנִ֥י עַמִּ֖י אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם וְאֶת־צַעֲקָתָ֤ם שָׁמַ֙עְתִּי֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י נֹֽגְשָׂ֔יו כִּ֥י יָדַ֖עְתִּי אֶת־מַכְאֹבָֽיו׃", "text": "*Wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* *rāʾōh* *rāʾîtî* *ʾet*-*'ŏnî* *'ammî* that in-*Miṣrayim* and-*ʾet*-*ṣa'ăqātām* *šāma'tî* from-*penê* *nōḡśāyw* for *yāda'tî* *ʾet*-*maḵʾōḇāyw*.", "grammar": { "*Wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*rāʾōh*": "infinitive absolute - seeing", "*rāʾîtî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I have seen", "*'ŏnî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - affliction of", "*'ammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ṣa'ăqātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cry", "*šāma'tî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I have heard", "*penê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/presence of", "*nōḡśāyw*": "participle, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his taskmasters", "*yāda'tî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I know", "*maḵʾōḇāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sufferings/pains" }, "variants": { "*rāʾōh* *rāʾîtî*": "I have surely seen/I have indeed seen/I have definitely seen", "*'ŏnî*": "affliction/suffering/distress", "*nōḡśāyw*": "his taskmasters/oppressors/overseers", "*maḵʾōḇāyw*": "his sufferings/pains/sorrows" } }
• Ps 25:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.25.18", "source": "רְאֵ֣ה עָ֭נְיִי וַעֲמָלִ֑י וְ֝שָׂ֗א לְכָל־חַטֹּאותָֽי", "text": "*rĕʾēh ʿānĕyî waʿămālî wĕśāʾ lĕḵāl-ḥaṭṭôʾwṯāy*", "grammar": { "*rĕʾēh*": "verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - 'see/look'", "*ʿānĕyî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - 'my affliction'", "*waʿămālî*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - 'and my trouble'", "*wĕśāʾ*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - 'and forgive/lift'", "*lĕḵāl-ḥaṭṭôʾwṯāy*": "preposition + noun construct + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - 'for all my sins'" }, "variants": { "*rĕʾēh*": "see/look/regard", "*ʿānĕyî*": "my affliction/my poverty/my humiliation", "*ʿămālî*": "my trouble/my toil/my hardship", "*śāʾ*": "lift/forgive/bear/carry", "*ḥaṭṭôʾwṯāy*": "my sins/my offenses/my failures" } }
• Gen 31:42 : 42 { "verseID": "Genesis.31.42", "source": "לוּלֵי אֱלֹהֵי אָבִי אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם וּפַחַד יִצְחָק הָיָה לִי כִּי עַתָּה רֵיקָם שִׁלַּחְתָּנִי אֶת־עָנְיִי וְאֶת־יְגִיעַ כַּפַּי רָאָה אֱלֹהִים וַיּוֹכַח אָמֶשׁ", "text": "If not *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾābî* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾAbrāhām* and *paḥad* *Yiṣḥāq* *hāyāh* to me, that now *rêqām* *šillaḥtānî* *ʾet*-*ʿānyî* and *ʾet*-*yegîaʿ* *kappai* *rāʾāh* *ʾĕlōhîm* and *wa-yôkaḥ* *ʾāmeš*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾābî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my father", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*paḥad*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fear/dread of", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he was", "*rêqām*": "adverb - empty/without compensation", "*šillaḥtānî*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you would have sent me away", "*ʿānyî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my affliction", "*yegîaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - labor/toil of", "*kappai*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hands/palms", "*rāʾāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he saw", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*wa-yôkaḥ*": "waw consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he decided/judged", "*ʾāmeš*": "adverb - last night/yesterday" }, "variants": { "*paḥad*": "fear/dread/terror/object of reverence", "*rêqām*": "empty-handed/without compensation/without cause", "*ʿānyî*": "affliction/misery/suffering", "*yegîaʿ*": "labor/toil/product of labor", "*wa-yôkaḥ*": "decided/judged/reproved/arbitrated", "*ʾāmeš*": "last night/yesterday evening" } }
• Gen 35:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.35.22", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י בִּשְׁכֹּ֤ן יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַהִ֔וא וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ רְאוּבֵ֔֗ן וַיִּשְׁכַּ֕ב֙ אֶת־בִּלְהָ֖ה֙ פִּילֶ֣גֶשׁ אָבִ֑֔יו וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑͏ֽל פ וַיִּֽהְי֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יַעֲקֹ֖ב שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָֽׂר׃", "text": "And *wayȇhî* when *bišȇkōn* *yiśrāʾēl* in *bāʾāreṣ* *hahîʾ*, and *wayyēlek* *rȇʾûbēn* and *wayyiškab* with *ʾet-bilhâ* *pîlegeš* his *ʾābîw*, and *wayyišmaʿ* *yiśrāʾēl*. And *wayyihyû* *bȇnê-yaʿăqōb* *šȇnêm* *ʿāśār*.", "grammar": { "*wayȇhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was", "*bišȇkōn*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - when dwelling", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, subject - Israel", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + article + feminine singular noun - in the land", "*hahîʾ*": "article + 3rd feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - that", "*wayyēlek*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*rȇʾûbēn*": "proper noun, subject - Reuben", "*wayyiškab*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he lay", "*ʾet-bilhâ*": "direct object marker + proper noun - with Bilhah", "*pîlegeš*": "feminine singular construct noun - concubine of", "*ʾābîw*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father", "*wayyišmaʿ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he heard", "*wayyihyû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they were", "*bȇnê-yaʿăqōb*": "masculine plural construct noun + proper noun - sons of Jacob", "*šȇnêm*": "masculine dual noun - two", "*ʿāśār*": "masculine singular noun - ten" }, "variants": { "*bišȇkōn*": "when dwelling/when living/during the residence of", "*hahîʾ*": "that/the same", "*wayyiškab*": "and he lay/and he slept with/and he had relations with", "*pîlegeš*": "concubine/secondary wife", "*wayyišmaʿ*": "and he heard/and he learned of/and he found out about", "*šȇnêm ʿāśār*": "twelve/two-ten" } }
• Gen 37:21-22 : 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.21", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע רְאוּבֵ֔ן וַיַּצִּלֵ֖הוּ מִיָּדָ֑ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לֹ֥א נַכֶּ֖נּוּ נָֽפֶשׁ׃", "text": "And *wə-yišmaʿ* *rəʾûḇēn* and *wə-yaṣṣilēhû* from their *mî-yāḏām*; and *wə-yōʾmer*: Not *nakkennû* *nāp̄eš*", "grammar": { "*wə-yišmaʿ*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he heard'", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'", "*wə-yaṣṣilēhû*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and he delivered him'", "*mî-yāḏām*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'from their hand'", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*nakkennû*": "hiphil imperfect 1st common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'we will strike him'", "*nāp̄eš*": "noun, feminine singular - 'life/soul/person'" }, "variants": { "*yaṣṣilēhû*": "rescued him/delivered him/saved him", "*nakkennû* *nāp̄eš*": "take his life/strike him dead/kill a soul" } } 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.22", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֣ם ׀ רְאוּבֵן֮ אַל־תִּשְׁפְּכוּ־דָם֒ הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ אֹת֗וֹ אֶל־הַבּ֤וֹר הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְיָ֖ד אַל־תִּשְׁלְחוּ־ב֑וֹ לְמַ֗עַן הַצִּ֤יל אֹתוֹ֙ מִיָּדָ֔ם לַהֲשִׁיב֖וֹ אֶל־אָבִֽיו׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* to them *rəʾûḇēn*: Do not *tišpəḵû*-*dām*, *hašlîḵû* *ʾōṯô* to-the *ha-bbôr* *ha-zzê* which *ba-mmidbar*, and *wə-yāḏ* do not *tišləḥû*-against him; in order to *haṣṣîl* *ʾōṯô* from their *mî-yāḏām*, *la-hăšîḇô* to-his *ʾāḇîw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'", "*tišpəḵû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you shall shed'", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - 'blood'", "*hašlîḵû*": "hiphil imperative 2nd masculine plural - 'throw/cast'", "*ha-bbôr*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - 'the pit/cistern'", "*ha-zzê*": "definite article with demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - 'this'", "*ba-mmidbar*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - 'in the wilderness'", "*wə-yāḏ*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular - 'and hand'", "*tišləḥû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you shall send/stretch out'", "*haṣṣîl*": "hiphil infinitive construct - 'to deliver'", "*mî-yāḏām*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'from their hand'", "*la-hăšîḇô*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to return him'", "*ʾāḇîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his father'" }, "variants": { "*tišpəḵû*-*dām*": "shed blood/pour out blood", "*tišləḥû*-*bô*": "lay hands on him/stretch out against him", "*haṣṣîl*": "deliver/rescue/save" } }
• Gen 37:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.29", "source": "וַיָּ֤שָׁב רְאוּבֵן֙ אֶל־הַבּ֔וֹר וְהִנֵּ֥ה אֵין־יוֹסֵ֖ף בַּבּ֑וֹר וַיִּקְרַ֖ע אֶת־בְּגָדָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wə-yāšāḇ* *rəʾûḇēn* to-the *ha-bbôr*, and *wə-hinnê* *ʾên*-*yôsēp̄* in the *ba-bbôr*; and *wə-yiqraʿ* *ʾeṯ*-his *bəḡāḏāyw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāšāḇ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he returned'", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'", "*ha-bbôr*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - 'the pit'", "*wə-hinnê*": "conjunction with demonstrative particle - 'and behold'", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - 'there was not'", "*ba-bbôr*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - 'in the pit'", "*wə-yiqraʿ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he tore'", "*bəḡāḏāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his clothes'" }, "variants": { "*yiqraʿ*": "tore/rent/ripped" } }
• Gen 42:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.42.22", "source": "וַיַּעַן֩ רְאוּבֵ֨ן אֹתָ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר הֲלוֹא֩ אָמַ֨רְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶ֧ם ׀ לֵאמֹ֛ר אַל־תֶּחֶטְא֥וּ בַיֶּ֖לֶד וְלֹ֣א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֑ם וְגַם־דָּמ֖וֹ הִנֵּ֥ה נִדְרָֽשׁ׃", "text": "And *yaʿan* *rəʾûḇēn* *ʾōṯām* *lēmōr*, *hălôʾ* *ʾāmartî* to-you *lēmōr*, not-*teḥeṭʾû* against-the-*yeled* and not *šəmaʿtem*; and-also-*dāmô* behold *niḏrāš*.", "grammar": { "*yaʿan*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he answered", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Reuben", "*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*lēmōr*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - did not/have not", "*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said", "*teḥeṭʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you sin", "*yeled*": "noun, masculine singular - child/boy", "*šəmaʿtem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you heard/listened", "*dāmô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his blood", "*niḏrāš*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - being required/sought" }, "variants": { "*yaʿan*": "answered/responded/replied", "*lēmōr*": "saying/to say", "*hălôʾ*": "did not/have not/is it not", "*ʾāmartî*": "I said/spoke/commanded", "*teḥeṭʾû*": "sin/offend/miss the mark", "*yeled*": "child/boy/youth/son", "*šəmaʿtem*": "you heard/listened/obeyed", "*dāmô*": "his blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*niḏrāš*": "being required/sought/demanded/avenged" } }
• Gen 42:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Genesis.42.27", "source": "וַיִּפְתַּ֨ח הָאֶחָ֜ד אֶת־שַׂקּ֗וֹ לָתֵ֥ת מִסְפּ֛וֹא לַחֲמֹר֖וֹ בַּמָּל֑וֹן וַיַּרְא֙ אֶת־כַּסְפּ֔וֹ וְהִנֵּה־ה֖וּא בְּפִ֥י אַמְתַּחְתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *yip̄taḥ* the-*ʾeḥāḏ* *ʾeṯ*-*śaqqô* to-give *mispôʾ* to-*ḥămōrô* in-the-*mālôn*; and *yarʾ* *ʾeṯ*-*kaspô* and-behold-it in-*pî* *ʾamtaḥtô*.", "grammar": { "*yip̄taḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he opened", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "adjective, masculine singular - one", "*śaqqô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sack", "*mispôʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - fodder", "*ḥămōrô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his donkey", "*mālôn*": "noun, masculine singular - lodging place", "*yarʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he saw", "*kaspô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his money", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*ʾamtaḥtô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sack" }, "variants": { "*yip̄taḥ*": "opened/unsealed/loosened", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "one/first/single", "*śaqqô*": "his sack/bag", "*mispôʾ*": "fodder/feed/provender", "*ḥămōrô*": "his donkey/ass", "*mālôn*": "lodging place/inn/encampment", "*yarʾ*": "saw/noticed/observed", "*kaspô*": "his money/silver", "*pî*": "mouth/opening/entrance of", "*ʾamtaḥtô*": "his sack/bag/pack" } }
• Gen 46:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.46.8", "source": "וְאֵ֨לֶּה שְׁמ֧וֹת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הַבָּאִ֥ים מִצְרַ֖יְמָה יַעֲקֹ֣ב וּבָנָ֑יו בְּכֹ֥ר יַעֲקֹ֖ב רְאוּבֵֽן׃", "text": "And-these *šĕmôt* sons-of-*Yiśrāʾēl* the-ones-coming *Miṣrayĕmâ*, *Yaʿăqōḇ* and-sons-his: firstborn-of *Yaʿăqōḇ* *Rĕʾûḇēn*.", "grammar": { "*šĕmôt*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - 'names of'", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Israel'", "*Miṣrayĕmâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - 'to Egypt'", "*Yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Jacob'", "*Rĕʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'" }, "variants": { "*šĕmôt*": "names/appellations" } } 9 { "verseID": "Genesis.46.9", "source": "וּבְנֵ֖י רְאוּבֵ֑ן חֲנ֥וֹךְ וּפַלּ֖וּא וְחֶצְר֥וֹן וְכַרְמִֽי׃", "text": "And-sons-of *Rĕʾûḇēn*: *Ḥănôḵ* and-*Pallûʾ* and-*Ḥeṣrôn* and-*Karmî*.", "grammar": { "*Rĕʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'", "*Ḥănôḵ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Hanoch/Enoch'", "*Pallûʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Pallu'", "*Ḥeṣrôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Hezron'", "*Karmî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Carmi'" }, "variants": {} }
• Gen 49:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.49.3", "source": "רְאוּבֵן֙ בְּכֹ֣רִי אַ֔תָּה כֹּחִ֖י וְרֵאשִׁ֣ית אוֹנִ֑י יֶ֥תֶר שְׂאֵ֖ת וְיֶ֥תֶר עָֽז", "text": "*rəʾûbēn* *bəkōrî* *ʾattāh* *kōḥî* *wə-rēʾšît* *ʾônî* *yeter* *śəʾēt* *wə-yeter* *ʿāz*", "grammar": { "*rəʾûbēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Reuben", "*bəkōrî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my firstborn", "*ʾattāh*": "personal pronoun 2nd masculine singular - you", "*kōḥî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my strength", "*wə-rēʾšît*": "waw conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and beginning of", "*ʾônî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my vigor/strength", "*yeter*": "noun masculine singular construct - excess of/pre-eminence of", "*śəʾēt*": "noun feminine singular - dignity/exaltation", "*wə-yeter*": "waw conjunction + noun masculine singular construct - and excess of", "*ʿāz*": "noun masculine singular - strength/might/power" }, "variants": { "*bəkōrî*": "my firstborn/firstfruits", "*kōḥî*": "my strength/power/might", "*rēʾšît ʾônî*": "beginning of my strength/first of my vigor/my firstfruits", "*yeter śəʾēt*": "excelling in dignity/pre-eminence in rank/excess of exaltation", "*yeter ʿāz*": "excelling in power/pre-eminence in strength" } } 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.49.4", "source": "פַּ֤חַז כַּמַּ֙יִם֙ אַל־תּוֹתַ֔ר כִּ֥י עָלִ֖יתָ מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י אָבִ֑יךָ אָ֥ז חִלַּ֖לְתָּ יְצוּעִ֥י עָלָֽה", "text": "*paḥaz* like-the-*mayim* not-*tôtar* because *ʿālîtā* *miškəbê* *ʾābîkā* *ʾāz* *ḥillaltā* *yəṣûʿî* *ʿālāh*", "grammar": { "*paḥaz*": "noun masculine singular - unstable/reckless/unbridled", "*mayim*": "noun masculine plural with definite article - the water", "*tôtar*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular jussive - have pre-eminence", "*ʿālîtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you went up", "*miškəbê*": "noun masculine plural construct - beds of", "*ʾābîkā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*ḥillaltā*": "Piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you defiled/profaned", "*yəṣûʿî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my bed/couch", "*ʿālāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he went up" }, "variants": { "*paḥaz*": "unstable/reckless/unbridled/wanton", "*tôtar*": "excel/have pre-eminence/have remainder", "*ḥillaltā*": "you defiled/profaned/desecrated", "*ʿālāh*": "he went up/ascended" } }
• Ps 106:44 : 44 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.44", "source": "וַ֭יַּרְא בַּצַּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם בְּ֝שָׁמְע֗וֹ אֶת־רִנָּתָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyar'* in-*ṣar* to-them in-*šom'ō* *'et*-*rinnātām*", "grammar": { "*wayyar'*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he saw", "*ṣar*": "noun, masculine, singular - distress", "*šom'ō*": "qal infinitive construct + 3rd person suffix - his hearing", "*rinnātām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, singular - their cry" }, "variants": { "*wayyar'*": "and he saw/looked/observed", "*ṣar*": "distress/trouble/affliction", "*šom'ō*": "his hearing/listening", "*rinnātām*": "their cry/shout/plea" } }
• Luke 1:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Luke.1.25", "source": "Ὅτι Οὕτως μοι πεποίηκεν ὁ Κύριος ἐν ἡμέραις αἷς ἐπεῖδεν, ἀφελεῖν τὸ ὄνειδός μου ἐν ἀνθρώποις.", "text": "That \"*Houtōs* to me *pepoiēken* the *Kyrios* in *hēmerais* in which *epeiden*, to *aphelein* the *oneidos* of me among *anthrōpois*.", "grammar": { "*Houtōs*": "adverb - thus/in this way", "*pepoiēken*": "perfect, active, indicative, 3rd singular - has done", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days", "*epeiden*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - looked upon/regarded", "*aphelein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to take away/remove", "*oneidos*": "accusative, neuter, singular - reproach/disgrace", "*anthrōpois*": "dative, masculine, plural - men/people" }, "variants": { "*epeiden*": "looked upon/regarded with favor/took notice of", "*oneidos*": "reproach/disgrace/shame", "*anthrōpois*": "men/people/mankind" } }
• Gen 16:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.16.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהּ֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה הִנָּ֥ךְ הָרָ֖ה וְיֹלַ֣דְתְּ בֵּ֑ן וְקָרָ֤את שְׁמוֹ֙ יִשְׁמָעֵ֔אל כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֥ע יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־עָנְיֵֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*yomer* to-her *mal'akh* *YHWH* *hinnakh* *harah* and-*yoladt* *ben*, and-*qara't* *shemo* *Yishma'el* for-*shama'* *YHWH* to-*'onyekh*.", "grammar": { "*yomer*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*lah*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her", "*mal'akh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*hinnakh*": "demonstrative particle with 2nd feminine singular suffix - behold you", "*harah*": "adjective, feminine singular - pregnant", "*veyoladt*": "conjunction + verb, Qal participle feminine singular - and bearing", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*veqara't*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - and you shall call", "*shemo*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*Yishma'el*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ishmael", "*ki*": "conjunction - because/for", "*shama'*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has heard", "*'el*": "preposition - to", "*'onyekh*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your affliction" }, "variants": { "*Yishma'el*": "means \"God hears\" or \"God will hear\"", "*'onyekh*": "affliction/misery/distress" } }
• 1 Sam 1:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.1.11", "source": "וַתִּדֹּ֨ר נֶ֜דֶר וַתֹּאמַ֗ר יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אִם־רָאֹ֥ה תִרְאֶ֣ה ׀ בָּעֳנִ֣י אֲמָתֶ֗ךָ וּזְכַרְתַּ֙נִי֙ וְלֹֽא־תִשְׁכַּ֣ח אֶת־אֲמָתֶ֔ךָ וְנָתַתָּ֥ה לַאֲמָתְךָ֖ זֶ֣רַע אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וּנְתַתִּ֤יו לַֽיהוָה֙ כָּל־יְמֵ֣י חַיָּ֔יו וּמוֹרָ֖ה לֹא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה עַל־רֹאשֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "And-*wattiddōr* *neder* and-*wattōʾmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôt* if-*rāʾōh* *tirʾeh* in-*bāʿŏnî* *ʾămātek* and-*zəkartanî* and-not-*tiškaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʾămātek* and-*nātattāh* to-*ʾămātək* *zeraʿ* *ʾănāšîm* and-*nətattîw* to-*YHWH* all-*yəmê* *ḥayyāw* and-*môrāh* not-*yaʿăleh* upon-*rōʾšô*.", "grammar": { "*wattiddōr*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she vowed", "*neder*": "masculine singular noun - vow", "*wattōʾmar*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*rāʾōh*": "qal infinitive absolute - seeing", "*tirʾeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you see", "*bāʿŏnî*": "preposition bet + masculine singular construct noun - in the affliction of", "*ʾămātek*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your maidservant", "*ûzəkartanî*": "conjunction waw + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - and you remember me", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction waw + negative particle - and not", "*tiškaḥ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you forget", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*wənātattāh*": "conjunction waw + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you give", "*laʾămātək*": "preposition lamed + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - to your maidservant", "*zeraʿ*": "masculine singular construct - seed of", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*ûnətattîw*": "conjunction waw + qal perfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and I will give him", "*laYHWH*": "preposition lamed + divine name - to YHWH", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct - days of", "*ḥayyāw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his life", "*ûmôrāh*": "conjunction waw + masculine singular noun - and razor", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it will go up", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*rōʾšô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head" }, "variants": { "*rāʾōh tirʾeh*": "surely see/indeed look upon (Hebrew infinitive absolute for emphasis)", "*ʿŏnî*": "affliction/misery/poverty", "*zeraʿ ʾănāšîm*": "seed of men/male child/male offspring", "*môrāh lōʾ-yaʿăleh ʿal-rōʾšô*": "no razor shall come upon his head (Nazirite vow reference)" } }
• 1 Sam 1:20 : 20 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.1.20", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ לִתְקֻפ֣וֹת הַיָּמִ֔ים וַתַּ֥הַר חַנָּ֖ה וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֑ן וַתִּקְרָ֤א אֶת־שְׁמוֹ֙ שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל כִּ֥י מֵיְהוָ֖ה שְׁאִלְתִּֽיו׃", "text": "And-*wayəhî* at-*litqupôt* the-*hayyāmîm* and-*wattahar* *ḥannāh* and-*wattēled* *bēn* and-*wattiqrāʾ* *ʾet*-*šəmô* *šəmûʾēl* because from-*YHWH* *šəʾiltîw*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*litqupôt*": "preposition lamed + feminine plural construct - at the circuit/revolution of", "*hayyāmîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the days", "*wattahar*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she conceived", "*wattēled*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she bore", "*bēn*": "masculine singular noun - son", "*wattiqrāʾ*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she called", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*mēYHWH*": "preposition min + divine name - from YHWH", "*šəʾiltîw*": "qal perfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I asked him" }, "variants": { "*litqupôt hayyāmîm*": "in the course of time/after the cycle of days/when the time had come", "*šəmûʾēl*": "Samuel (name meaning 'heard of God' or 'asked of God')", "*mēYHWH šəʾiltîw*": "from YHWH I asked him/I have requested him from the LORD" } }
• 2 Sam 16:12 : 12 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.16.12", "source": "אוּלַ֛י יִרְאֶ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה *בעוני **בְּעֵינִ֑י וְהֵשִׁ֨יב יְהוָ֥ה לִי֙ טוֹבָ֔ה תַּ֥חַת קִלְלָת֖וֹ הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*ʾÛlay* *yirʾeh* *Yəhwāh* *bəʿênî* and *wəhēšîb* *Yəhwāh* to me *ṭôbāh* *taḥaṯ* *qilləlāṯô* *hayyôm* *hazzeh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾÛlay*": "adverb - perhaps/maybe", "*yirʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will see/look", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun - LORD", "*bəʿênî*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - on my affliction", "*wəhēšîb*": "waw conjunctive + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will return", "*ṭôbāh*": "noun, feminine singular - good", "*taḥaṯ*": "preposition - instead of", "*qilləlāṯô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his curse", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*ʾÛlay*": "perhaps/maybe/perchance", "*yirʾeh*": "will see/will look/will regard", "*bעוני/בְּעֵינִ֑י*": "textual variant - either 'on my affliction/iniquity' or 'on my eye/tears'", "*ṭôbāh*": "good/goodness/blessing", "*taḥaṯ*": "instead of/in place of/in return for", "*qilləlāṯô*": "his curse/his reviling/his insult" } }
• 1 Chr 5:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.5.1", "source": "וּבְנֵ֨י רְאוּבֵ֥ן בְּכֽוֹר־יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ כִּ֣י ה֣וּא הַבְּכוֹר֒ וּֽבְחַלְּלוֹ֙ יְצוּעֵ֣י אָבִ֔יו נִתְּנָה֙ בְּכֹ֣רָת֔וֹ לִבְנֵ֥י יוֹסֵ֖ף בֶּן־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֥א לְהִתְיַחֵ֖שׂ לַבְּכֹרָֽה׃", "text": "And *bəne* *Rəʾuben* *bəkor*-*Yisrael* for *huʾ* *habəkor* and in *bəḥalləlo* *yəṣuʿe* *ʾabiw* was *nittəna* *bəkorato* to *bəne* *Yosep* *ben*-*Yisrael* and not to *ləhityaḥes* to the *bəkora*", "grammar": { "*bəne*": "construct plural - sons of", "*Rəʾuben*": "proper name - Reuben", "*bəkor*": "construct singular - firstborn of", "*Yisrael*": "proper name - Israel", "*huʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*habəkor*": "definite article + noun - the firstborn", "*bəḥalləlo*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct with 3rd person suffix - in his profaning/defiling", "*yəṣuʿe*": "construct plural - bed/couch of", "*ʾabiw*": "noun with 3rd person suffix - his father", "*nittəna*": "Niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was given", "*bəkorato*": "noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his birthright", "*bəne*": "construct plural - sons of", "*Yosep*": "proper name - Joseph", "*ben*": "construct singular - son of", "*ləhityaḥes*": "preposition + Hithpael infinitive construct - to register/enroll oneself", "*bəkora*": "noun with definite article - the birthright" }, "variants": { "*bəḥalləlo*": "in his profaning/defiling/violating", "*yəṣuʿe*": "bed/couch/marriage bed", "*nittəna*": "was given/transferred/assigned", "*ləhityaḥes*": "to register oneself/be enrolled/be reckoned" } }