16{
"verseID": "Genesis.42.16",
"source": "שִׁלְח֨וּ מִכֶּ֣ם אֶחָד֮ וְיִקַּ֣ח אֶת־אֲחִיכֶם֒ וְאַתֶּם֙ הֵאָ֣סְר֔וּ וְיִבָּֽחֲנוּ֙ דִּבְרֵיכֶ֔ם הַֽאֱמֶ֖ת אִתְּכֶ֑ם וְאִם־לֹ֕א חֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה כִּ֥י מְרַגְּלִ֖ים אַתֶּֽם׃",
"text": "Send from-you one and let-him-*wĕyiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-your-brother, and you *hēʾāsĕrû*, and let-be-*wĕyibbāḥănû* your-words, whether-the-*hāʾĕmet* with-you; and if-not, *ḥê* *parʿōh*, that *mĕraggĕlîm* you.",
"grammar": {
"*wĕyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will take",
"*hēʾāsĕrû*": "niphal imperative, 2nd masculine plural - be bound/imprisoned",
"*wĕyibbāḥănû*": "waw-consecutive niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will be tested",
"*hāʾĕmet*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the truth",
"*ḥê*": "construct form of adjective, masculine singular - life of",
"*parʿōh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Pharaoh",
"*mĕraggĕlîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - spies"
},
"variants": {
"*hēʾāsĕrû*": "be bound/be imprisoned/be confined",
"*hāʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Genesis.42.17",
"source": "וַיֶּאֱסֹ֥ף אֹתָ֛ם אֶל־מִשְׁמָ֖ר שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים׃",
"text": "And *wayyeʾĕsōp* them to-*mišmār* three *yāmîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyeʾĕsōp*": "waw-consecutive qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gathered/put",
"*mišmār*": "noun, masculine singular - custody/ward/prison",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days"
},
"variants": {
"*mišmār*": "custody/prison/guard/detention"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Genesis.42.18",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֤ם יוֹסֵף֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י זֹ֥את עֲשׂ֖וּ וִֽחְי֑וּ אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים אֲנִ֥י יָרֵֽא׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to-them *yôsēp* on-*bayyôm* *haššĕlîšî*: *zōʾt* *ʿăśû* and *wiḥyû*; *ʾet*-*hāʾĕlōhîm* I *yārēʾ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*yôsēp*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joseph",
"*bayyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the day",
"*haššĕlîšî*": "definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular - the third",
"*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this",
"*ʿăśû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - do",
"*wiḥyû*": "waw-consecutive qal imperative, masculine plural - and live",
"*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - God",
"*yārēʾ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - fearing"
},
"variants": {
"*yārēʾ*": "fearing/revering/in awe of"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Genesis.42.19",
"source": "אִם־כֵּנִ֣ים אַתֶּ֔ם אֲחִיכֶ֣ם אֶחָ֔ד יֵאָסֵ֖ר בְּבֵ֣ית מִשְׁמַרְכֶ֑ם וְאַתֶּם֙ לְכ֣וּ הָבִ֔יאוּ שֶׁ֖בֶר רַעֲב֥וֹן בָּתֵּיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "If-*kēnîm* you, *ʾăḥîkem* one *yēʾāsēr* in *bêt* your-*mišmarkem*; and you, go, *hābîʾû* *šeber* *raʿăbôn* your-*bāttêkem*.",
"grammar": {
"*kēnîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - honest/truthful",
"*ʾăḥîkem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your brother",
"*yēʾāsēr*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will be bound",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*mišmarkem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your guard/prison",
"*hābîʾû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - bring",
"*šeber*": "noun, masculine singular - grain",
"*raʿăbôn*": "noun, masculine singular - hunger/famine",
"*bāttêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your houses"
},
"variants": {
"*kēnîm*": "honest/truthful/upright",
"*šeber*": "grain/food/provisions",
"*raʿăbôn*": "hunger/famine/starvation"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Genesis.42.20",
"source": "וְאֶת־אֲחִיכֶ֤ם הַקָּטֹן֙ תָּבִ֣יאוּ אֵלַ֔י וְיֵאָמְנ֥וּ דִבְרֵיכֶ֖ם וְלֹ֣א תָמ֑וּתוּ וַיַּעֲשׂוּ־כֵֽן׃",
"text": "And *ʾet*-*ʾaḥîkem* the *qaṭōn* *tāḇîʾû* to-me, and *yēʾāmnû* *diḇrêkem* and not *tāmûtû*; and *yaʿaśû*-*ḵēn*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker, indicating accusative",
"*ʾaḥîkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your brothers",
"*qaṭōn*": "adjective, masculine singular - younger/smallest",
"*tāḇîʾû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall bring",
"*yēʾāmnû*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be confirmed/verified",
"*diḇrêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your words",
"*tāmûtû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will die",
"*yaʿaśû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they did",
"*ḵēn*": "adverb - so/thus"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾaḥîkem*": "your brother/brothers/kinsman",
"*qaṭōn*": "young/small/youngest/least significant",
"*tāḇîʾû*": "bring/carry/lead",
"*yēʾāmnû*": "be verified/confirmed/established/believed/trusted",
"*diḇrêkem*": "your words/matters/things",
"*tāmûtû*": "die/perish",
"*yaʿaśû*": "did/made/produced/accomplished",
"*ḵēn*": "so/thus/therefore/rightly"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Genesis.42.21",
"source": "וַיֹּאמְר֞וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֗יו אֲבָל֮ אֲשֵׁמִ֣ים ׀ אֲנַחְנוּ֮ עַל־אָחִינוּ֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר רָאִ֜ינוּ צָרַ֥ת נַפְשׁ֛וֹ בְּהִתְחַֽנְנ֥וֹ אֵלֵ֖ינוּ וְלֹ֣א שָׁמָ֑עְנוּ עַל־כֵּן֙ בָּ֣אָה אֵלֵ֔ינוּ הַצָּרָ֖ה הַזֹּֽאת׃",
"text": "And *yōʾmrû* *ʾîš* to-*ʾāḥîw*, *ʾăḇāl* *ʾăšēmîm* *ʾănaḥnû* concerning-*ʾāḥînû*, *ʾăšer* *rāʾînû* *ṣārat* *nap̄šô* in-*hiṯḥannô* to-us and not *šāmāʿnû*; upon-*kēn* *bāʾāh* to-us the-*ṣārāh* the-*zōʾṯ*.",
"grammar": {
"*yōʾmrû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they said",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother",
"*ʾăḇāl*": "adverb - truly/indeed/however",
"*ʾăšēmîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - guilty",
"*ʾănaḥnû*": "pronoun, 1st person common plural - we",
"*ʾāḥînû*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person common plural suffix - our brother",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that",
"*rāʾînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common plural - we saw",
"*ṣārat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - distress of",
"*nap̄šô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul",
"*hiṯḥannô*": "verb, hithpael infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his pleading",
"*šāmāʿnû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common plural - we heard/listened",
"*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so/therefore",
"*bāʾāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she came/has come",
"*ṣārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - distress/trouble",
"*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this"
},
"variants": {
"*yōʾmrû*": "said/spoke/thought/commanded",
"*ʾîš*": "man/each one/each to",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "his brother/kinsman",
"*ʾăḇāl*": "truly/indeed/but/however",
"*ʾăšēmîm*": "guilty/liable/responsible",
"*ʾāḥînû*": "our brother/kinsman",
"*rāʾînû*": "we saw/perceived/experienced",
"*ṣārat*": "distress/trouble/anguish of",
"*nap̄šô*": "his soul/self/life/person/desire",
"*hiṯḥannô*": "his pleading/begging/imploring",
"*šāmāʿnû*": "we heard/listened/obeyed",
"*bāʾāh*": "came/has come/arrived",
"*ṣārāh*": "distress/trouble/anguish",
"*zōʾṯ*": "this/this one"
}
}