Genesis 46:32

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Genesis.46.32", "source": "וְהָאֲנָשִׁים֙ רֹ֣עֵי צֹ֔אן כִּֽי־אַנְשֵׁ֥י מִקְנֶ֖ה הָי֑וּ וְצֹאנָ֧ם וּבְקָרָ֛ם וְכָל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָהֶ֖ם הֵבִֽיאוּ׃", "text": "And-the-men *rōʿê* *ṣōʾn*, for-men-of *miqneh* *hāyû*; and-flocks-their and-herds-their and-all-that to-them *hēḇîʾû*.", "grammar": { "*rōʿê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - 'shepherds of'", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular - 'sheep/flock'", "*miqneh*": "common noun, masculine singular - 'livestock/cattle'", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - 'they were'", "*hēḇîʾû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - 'they have brought'" }, "variants": { "*rōʿê*": "shepherds of/keepers of", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/flock/small livestock", "*miqneh*": "livestock/cattle/possessions", "*hāyû*": "they were/they have been", "*hēḇîʾû*": "they have brought/they have led" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהָאֲנָשִׁים֙ רֹ֣עֵי צֹ֔אן כִּֽי־אַנְשֵׁ֥י מִקְנֶ֖ה הָי֑וּ וְצֹאנָ֧ם וּבְקָרָ֛ם וְכָל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָהֶ֖ם הֵבִֽיאוּ׃

Transliteration

And-the-men rōʿê ṣōʾn, for-men-of miqneh hāyû; and-flocks-their and-herds-their and-all-that to-them hēḇîʾû.

Grammar Details

• *rōʿê*: qal participle masculine plural construct - 'shepherds of'
• *ṣōʾn*: common noun, feminine singular - 'sheep/flock'
• *miqneh*: common noun, masculine singular - 'livestock/cattle'
• *hāyû*: qal perfect 3rd common plural - 'they were'
• *hēḇîʾû*: hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - 'they have brought'

Word Meanings

• *rōʿê*: shepherds of/keepers of
• *ṣōʾn*: sheep/flock/small livestock
• *miqneh*: livestock/cattle/possessions
• *hāyû*: they were/they have been
• *hēḇîʾû*: they have brought/they have led

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The men are shepherds; they tend livestock, and they have brought along their flocks, herds, and everything they own.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the men are shepherds, for their trade hath been to feed cattle; and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And the men are shepherds, for their occupation has been to feed livestock; and they have brought their flocks, herds, and all that they have.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the men are shepherds, for their trade hath been to feed cattle; and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and the men{H582} are shepherds,{H7462} for they have been keepers of cattle;{H4735} and they have brought{H935} their flocks,{H6629} and their herds,{H1241} and all that they have.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the men{H582} are shepherds{H7462}{(H8802)}{H6629}, for their trade hath been to feed cattle{H4735}; and they have brought{H935}{(H8689)} their flocks{H6629}, and their herds{H1241}, and all that they have.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  and how they are shepardes (for they were men of catell) and they haue brought their shepe and their oxen and all that they haue with them.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  and are kepers of catell (for they are men that deale with catell:) their small & greate catell, and all that they haue, haue they brought with them.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And the men are shepheardes, & because they are shepheardes, they haue brought their sheepe and their cattell, and all that they haue.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And they are shepheardes, for theyr trade hath ben to feede cattell: and they haue brought theyr sheepe and theyr cattell, and all that they haue.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the men [are] shepherds, for their trade hath been to feed cattle; and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  These men are shepherds, for they have been keepers of cattle, and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have.'

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and the men `are' feeders of a flock, for they have been men of cattle; and their flock, and their herd, and all that they have, they have brought.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and the men are shepherds, for they have been keepers of cattle; and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and the men are shepherds, for they have been keepers of cattle; and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And these men are keepers of sheep and owners of cattle, and have with them their flocks and their herds and all they have.

• World English Bible (2000)

  These men are shepherds, for they have been keepers of livestock, and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have.'

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The men are shepherds; they take care of livestock. They have brought their flocks and their herds and all that they have.’

Referenced Verses

• Gen 47:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.47.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר פַּרְעֹ֛ה אֶל־אֶחָ֖יו מַה־מַּעֲשֵׂיכֶ֑ם וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֗ה רֹעֵ֥ה צֹאן֙ עֲבָדֶ֔יךָ גַּם־אֲנַ֖חְנוּ גַּם־אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *par'ōh* to *ʾeḥāyw* *mah-ma'aśêḵem* *wə-yōʾmərû* to *par'ōh* *rō'ēh* *ṣōʾn* *'ăḇāḏeḵā* *gam-ʾănaḥnû* *gam-ʾăḇōṯênû*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*par'ōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*mah-ma'aśêḵem*": "interrogative + noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - what [are] your occupations", "*wə-yōʾmərû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*rō'ēh*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - shepherd of", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun feminine singular - flock/sheep", "*'ăḇāḏeḵā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servants", "*gam-ʾănaḥnû*": "conjunction + pronoun 1st common plural - also we", "*gam-ʾăḇōṯênû*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural construct with 1st person common plural suffix - also our fathers" }, "variants": { "*rō'ēh*": "shepherd/keeper/tender of", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/small cattle" } }
• Exod 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Exodus.3.1", "source": "וּמֹשֶׁ֗ה הָיָ֥ה רֹעֶ֛ה אֶת־צֹ֛אן יִתְר֥וֹ חֹתְנ֖וֹ כֹּהֵ֣ן מִדְיָ֑ן וַיִּנְהַ֤ג אֶת־הַצֹּאן֙ אַחַ֣ר הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיָּבֹ֛א אֶל־הַ֥ר הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים חֹרֵֽבָה׃", "text": "And *Mōšeh* *hāyāh* *rō'eh* *ʾet*-*ṣōʾn* *Yitrō* *ḥōtnō* *kōhēn* *Midyān* *wayyinhaḡ* *ʾet*-*haṣṣōʾn* *ʾaḥar* *hammidbār* *wayyāḇōʾ* to-*har* *hāʾĕlōhîm* *Ḥōrēḇāh*.", "grammar": { "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*hāyāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*rō'eh*": "participle, masculine singular - shepherding/tending", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker - untranslatable particle indicating following noun is direct object", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common feminine singular - flock/sheep", "*Yitrō*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jethro", "*ḥōtnō*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law", "*kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - priest of", "*Midyān*": "proper noun - Midian", "*wayyinhaḡ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he led/drove", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "noun, common feminine singular with definite article - the flock", "*ʾaḥar*": "preposition - behind/after", "*hammidbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness/desert", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God (plural form with singular meaning)", "*Ḥōrēḇāh*": "proper noun with directional he suffix - to Horeb" }, "variants": { "*rō'eh*": "shepherding/tending/feeding", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/small cattle", "*wayyinhaḡ*": "and he led/drove/guided", "*ʾaḥar*": "behind/after/beyond", "*hammidbār*": "the wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the God/gods/divine being" } }
• Gen 4:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.2", "source": "וַתֹּ֣סֶף לָלֶ֔דֶת אֶת־אָחִ֖יו אֶת־הָ֑בֶל וַֽיְהִי־הֶ֙בֶל֙ רֹ֣עֵה צֹ֔אן וְקַ֕יִן הָיָ֖ה עֹבֵ֥ד אֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "And-she-*tosef* *laledet* *ʾet*-his-brother *ʾet*-*Hebel* and-*yehi*-*Hebel* *roʿeh* *tsoʾn* and-*Qayin* *hayah* *ʿobed* *ʾadamah*", "grammar": { "*tosef*": "hiphil imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - she continued/added", "*laledet*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to bear/to give birth to", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Hebel*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abel", "*yehi*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - became", "*roʿeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular construct - keeper/shepherd of", "*tsoʾn*": "collective noun - flock/sheep", "*hayah*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*ʿobed*": "qal participle, masculine singular construct - worker/tiller of", "*ʾadamah*": "noun, feminine singular - ground/soil/land" }, "variants": { "*tosef*": "she continued/she added/she proceeded", "*Hebel*": "breath/vapor/vanity (as the meaning of name)" } }
• Gen 9:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.20", "source": "וַיָּ֥חֶל נֹ֖חַ אִ֣ישׁ הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָ֑ה וַיִּטַּ֖ע כָּֽרֶם׃", "text": "And-*wayyāḥel* *nōaḥ* *ʾîš* *hāʾădāmāh* and-*wayyiṭṭaʿ* *kārem*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāḥel*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, hiphil - and he began", "*nōaḥ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Noah", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct state - man of", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the ground", "*wayyiṭṭaʿ*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he planted", "*kārem*": "noun, masculine, singular - vineyard" }, "variants": { "*wayyāḥel*": "and he began/and he started/and he was the first", "*ʾîš*": "man/husband/person", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "the ground/the soil/the land/the earth", "*wayyiṭṭaʿ*": "and he planted/and he established/and he set" } }
• Gen 31:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.31.18", "source": "וַיִּנְהַ֣ג אֶת־כָּל־מִקְנֵ֗הוּ וְאֶת־כָּל־רְכֻשׁוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָכָ֔שׁ מִקְנֵה֙ קִנְיָנ֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר רָכַ֖שׁ בְּפַדַּ֣ן אֲרָ֑ם לָב֛וֹא אֶל־יִצְחָ֥ק אָבִ֖יו אַ֥רְצָה כְּנָֽעַן׃", "text": "And-*wayyinhag* *ʾeṯ*-all-cattle-his and-*ʾeṯ*-all-property-his which *rāḵāš*, cattle *qinyānô* which *rāḵaš* in-*Paddan ʾĂrām*, to-come to-*Yiṣḥāq* father-his land-ward *Kənaʿan*.", "grammar": { "*wayyinhag*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he drove", "*rāḵāš*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he had acquired", "*qinyānô*": "Masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his acquisition", "*rāḵaš*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he had acquired", "*Paddan ʾĂrām*": "Proper noun - Paddan Aram", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "Proper noun - Isaac", "*Kənaʿan*": "Proper noun - Canaan" }, "variants": { "*wayyinhag*": "drove/led/conducted", "*rāḵāš*": "acquired/gathered/gained", "*qinyān*": "acquisition/property/possession" } }
• Gen 37:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.2", "source": "אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ תֹּלְד֣וֹת יַעֲקֹ֗ב יוֹסֵ֞ף בֶּן־שְׁבַֽע־עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ הָיָ֨ה רֹעֶ֤ה אֶת־אֶחָיו֙ בַּצֹּ֔אן וְה֣וּא נַ֗עַר אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י בִלְהָ֛ה וְאֶת־בְּנֵ֥י זִלְפָּ֖ה נְשֵׁ֣י אָבִ֑יו וַיָּבֵ֥א יוֹסֵ֛ף אֶת־דִּבָּתָ֥ם רָעָ֖ה אֶל־אֲבִיהֶֽם׃", "text": "These *tōləḏôṯ* *yaʿăqōḇ*: *yôsēp̄* *ben*-seventeen *šānâ* *hāyâ* *rōʿê* *ʾeṯ*-his brothers with the *ṣōʾn*, and he *naʿar* with *ʾeṯ*-*bənê* *ḇilhâ* and with *ʾeṯ*-*bənê* *zilpâ* *nəšê* *ʾāḇîw*; and *wə-yāḇêʾ* *yôsēp̄* *ʾeṯ*-their *dibbâ* *rāʿâ* to their *ʾăḇîhem*", "grammar": { "*tōləḏôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'generations/history/account of'", "*yôsēp̄*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Joseph'", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'son of'", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'year'", "*hāyâ*": "verb, perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'was'", "*rōʿê*": "participle, masculine singular construct - 'shepherding/tending'", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common singular - 'flock/sheep'", "*naʿar*": "noun, masculine singular - 'youth/lad'", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - 'sons of'", "*nəšê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'wives of'", "*wə-yāḇêʾ*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he brought'", "*dibbâ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - 'report/slander/evil report'", "*rāʿâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - 'evil/bad'" }, "variants": { "*tōləḏôṯ*": "generations/history/account/family records", "*naʿar*": "youth/lad/servant/attendant", "*dibbâ*": "evil report/slander/whisper/defamation" } }
• Gen 45:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Genesis.45.10", "source": "וְיָשַׁבְתָּ֣ בְאֶֽרֶץ־גֹּ֗שֶׁן וְהָיִ֤יתָ קָרוֹב֙ אֵלַ֔י אַתָּ֕ה וּבָנֶ֖יךָ וּבְנֵ֣י בָנֶ֑יךָ וְצֹאנְךָ֥ וּבְקָרְךָ֖ וְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־לָֽךְ׃", "text": "Wə-*yāšaḇtā* *ḇəʾereṣ-gōšen* wə-*hāyîtā* *qārôḇ* *ʾēlay* *ʾattāh* *ûḇāneḵā* *ûḇənê* *ḇāneḵā* wə-*ṣōʾnḵā* *ûḇəqārḵā* wə-*ḵāl-ʾăšer-lāḵə*", "grammar": { "וְיָשַׁבְתָּ֣": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'and you will dwell'", "בְאֶֽרֶץ־גֹּ֗שֶׁן": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct + proper noun - 'in the land of Goshen'", "וְהָיִ֤יתָ": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'and you will be'", "קָרוֹב֙": "adjective masculine singular - 'near'", "אֵלַ֔י": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - 'to me'", "אַתָּ֕ה": "pronoun 2nd masculine singular - 'you'", "וּבָנֶ֖יךָ": "conjunction + noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'and your sons'", "וּבְנֵ֣י": "conjunction + noun masculine plural construct - 'and sons of'", "בָנֶ֑יךָ": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your sons'", "וְצֹאנְךָ֥": "conjunction + noun both gender singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'and your flocks'", "וּבְקָרְךָ֖": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'and your herds'", "וְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־לָֽךְ": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct + relative pronoun + preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'and all that belongs to you'" }, "variants": { "*yāšaḇtā*": "you will dwell, you will live, you will settle", "*ʾereṣ-gōšen*": "land of Goshen", "*hāyîtā*": "you will be, you shall become", "*qārôḇ*": "near, close, at hand", "*ḇāneḵā*": "your sons, your children", "*ḇənê ḇāneḵā*": "sons of your sons, your grandchildren", "*ṣōʾnḵā*": "your flock, your sheep and goats", "*ḇəqārḵā*": "your cattle, your oxen", "*ḵāl-ʾăšer-lāḵə*": "all that is yours, everything that belongs to you" } }
• Gen 46:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Genesis.46.34", "source": "וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֗ם אַנְשֵׁ֨י מִקְנֶ֜ה הָי֤וּ עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ מִנְּעוּרֵ֣ינוּ וְעַד־עַ֔תָּה גַּם־אֲנַ֖חְנוּ גַּם־אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ בַּעֲב֗וּר תֵּשְׁבוּ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ גֹּ֔שֶׁן כִּֽי־תוֹעֲבַ֥ת מִצְרַ֖יִם כָּל־רֹ֥עֵה צֹֽאן׃", "text": "And-*waʾămartem* men-of *miqneh* *hāyû* servants-your from-youth-our and-until-now, also-we also-fathers-our; in-order-that *tēšĕḇû* in-land-of *Gōšen*, for-abomination-of *Miṣrayim* every-*rōʿēh* *ṣōʾn*.", "grammar": { "*waʾămartem*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - 'and you shall say'", "*miqneh*": "common noun, masculine singular - 'livestock/cattle'", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - 'they were'", "*tēšĕḇû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you may dwell'", "*Gōšen*": "proper noun, place name - 'Goshen'", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, place name - 'Egypt'", "*rōʿēh*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - 'shepherd of'", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular - 'sheep/flock'" }, "variants": { "*waʾămartem*": "you shall say/you will tell", "*miqneh*": "livestock/cattle/possessions", "*hāyû*": "they were/they have been", "*tēšĕḇû*": "you may dwell/you may settle/you may live", "*rōʿēh*": "shepherd/keeper", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/flock/small livestock" } }
• 1 Sam 17:15 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.15", "source": "וְדָוִ֛ד הֹלֵ֥ךְ וָשָׁ֖ב מֵעַ֣ל שָׁא֑וּל לִרְע֛וֹת אֶת־צֹ֥אן אָבִ֖יו בֵּֽית לָֽחֶם׃", "text": "And *Dāwid* [was] *hālaḵ* and *šûḇ* from *ʿal* *Šāʾûl* to *rāʿâ* *ʾēt*-*ṣōʾn* [of] his *ʾāḇ* [in] *Bêt-leḥem*.", "grammar": { "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*hālaḵ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - going", "*šûḇ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - returning", "*ʿal*": "preposition - from upon/from", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*rāʿâ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to tend/shepherd", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common singular construct - flock of", "*ʾāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his father", "*Bêt-leḥem*": "proper noun - Bethlehem" }, "variants": { "*hālaḵ* and *šûḇ*": "going back and forth/coming and going", "*ʿal*": "from/from being with", "*rāʿâ*": "to tend/to shepherd/to pasture", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep" } }
• 1 Kgs 9:27 : 27 { "verseID": "1 Kings.9.27", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח חִירָ֤ם בּֽ͏ָאֳנִי֙ אֶת־עֲבָדָ֔יו אַנְשֵׁ֣י אֳנִיּ֔וֹת יֹדְעֵ֖י הַיָּ֑ם עִ֖ם עַבְדֵ֥י שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *ḥîrām* in-the-*ʾŏnî* *ʾet*-his-*ʿăbādāyw*, *ʾanšê* *ʾŏniyyôt* *yōdəʿê* the-*yām*, with *ʿabdê* *šəlōmōh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he sent", "*ḥîrām*": "proper noun - Hiram", "*ʾŏnî*": "noun, feminine singular with article - the fleet", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his servants", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*ʾŏniyyôt*": "noun, feminine plural - ships", "*yōdəʿê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - ones knowing", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular with article - the sea", "*ʿabdê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - servants of", "*šəlōmōh*": "proper noun - Solomon" }, "variants": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "and he sent/dispatched", "*ʾanšê ʾŏniyyôt*": "sailors/seamen/ship's crew", "*yōdəʿê hayyām*": "those knowing the sea/experienced sailors/mariners" } }
• 1 Kgs 18:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.5", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַחְאָב֙ אֶל־עֹ֣בַדְיָ֔הוּ לֵ֤ךְ בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶל־כָּל־מַעְיְנֵ֣י הַמַּ֔יִם וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־הַנְּחָלִ֑ים אוּלַ֣י ׀ נִמְצָ֣א חָצִ֗יר וּנְחַיֶּה֙ ס֣וּס וָפֶ֔רֶד וְל֥וֹא נַכְרִ֖ית מֵהַבְּהֵמָֽה", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾaḥʾāb* to-*ʿōbadyāhû* *lēk* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* to-all-*maʿyənê* the-*mayim* and-to all-the-*nəḥālîm* *ʾûlay* *nimṣāʾ* *ḥāṣîr* and-*nəḥayyeh* *sûs* and-*pered* and-not *nakrît* from-the-*bəhēmāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper name - Ahab", "*ʿōbadyāhû*": "proper name - Obadiah", "*lēk*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land/country", "*maʿyənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - springs of", "*mayim*": "noun masculine plural - water", "*nəḥālîm*": "noun masculine plural - wadis/brooks/streams", "*ʾûlay*": "adverb - perhaps/maybe", "*nimṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect 1cp - we may find", "*ḥāṣîr*": "noun masculine singular - grass/hay", "*nəḥayyeh*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 1cp - and we may keep alive", "*sûs*": "noun masculine singular - horse", "*pered*": "noun masculine singular - mule", "*nakrît*": "hiphil imperfect 1cp - we cut off/destroy", "*bəhēmāh*": "noun feminine singular - cattle/livestock" }, "variants": { "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/country/ground", "*maʿyənê*": "springs/fountains/water sources", "*nəḥālîm*": "wadis/streams/valleys with water", "*ḥāṣîr*": "grass/hay/vegetation", "*nəḥayyeh*": "keep alive/preserve/save", "*nakrît*": "cut off/destroy/lose" } } 6 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.6", "source": "וַֽיְחַלְּק֥וּ לָהֶ֛ם אֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ לַֽעֲבָר־בָּ֑הּ אַחְאָ֞ב הָלַ֨ךְ בְּדֶ֤רֶךְ אֶחָד֙ לְבַדּ֔וֹ וְעֹֽבַדְיָ֛הוּ הָלַ֥ךְ בְּדֶרֶךְ־אֶחָ֖ד לְבַדּֽוֹ", "text": "And *wayəḥalləqû* to-themselves *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ* to-*laʿăbār*-in-it *ʾaḥʾāb* *hālak* in-*derek* *ʾeḥād* to-*ləbaddô* and-*ʿōbadyāhû* *hālak* in-*derek*-*ʾeḥād* to-*ləbaddô*", "grammar": { "*wayəḥalləqû*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 3mp - and they divided", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land/country", "*laʿăbār*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to pass through", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper name - Ahab", "*hālak*": "qal perfect 3ms - went/walked", "*derek*": "noun masculine singular - way/road/path", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral masculine singular - one", "*ləbaddô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3ms suffix - by himself/alone", "*ʿōbadyāhû*": "proper name - Obadiah" }, "variants": { "*wayəḥalləqû*": "they divided/they apportioned", "*laʿăbār*": "to pass through/to travel through", "*derek*": "way/road/path/journey", "*ləbaddô*": "by himself/alone/separately" } }
• Ps 78:70-72 : 70 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.70", "source": "וַ֭יִּבְחַר בְּדָוִ֣ד עַבְדּ֑וֹ וַ֝יִּקָּחֵ֗הוּ מִֽמִּכְלְאֹ֥ת צֹֽאן׃", "text": "*wə-yiḇḥar bə-ḏāwiḏ ʿaḇdô* *wə-yiqqāḥēhû mi-mmikləʾōṯ ṣōʾn*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiḇḥar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he chose", "*bə-ḏāwiḏ*": "in David - preposition + proper noun", "*ʿaḇdô*": "his servant - masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix", "*wə-yiqqāḥēhû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he took him", "*mi-mmikləʾōṯ*": "from sheepfolds - preposition + feminine plural noun", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/flock - feminine singular collective noun" }, "variants": { "*wə-yiḇḥar*": "chose/selected/elected", "*ʿaḇdô*": "his servant/his slave", "*wə-yiqqāḥēhû*": "took him/fetched him/brought him", "*mikləʾōṯ*": "sheepfolds/pens/enclosures", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/flock/small cattle" } } 71 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.71", "source": "מֵאַחַ֥ר עָל֗וֹת הֱבִ֫יא֥וֹ לִ֭רְעוֹת בְּיַעֲקֹ֣ב עַמּ֑וֹ וּ֝בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל נַחֲלָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*mē-ʾaḥar ʿālôṯ hĕḇîʾô* *lirʿôṯ bə-yaʿăqōḇ ʿammô* *û-ḇəyiśrāʾēl naḥălāṯô*", "grammar": { "*mē-ʾaḥar*": "from after/from following - preposition + adverb", "*ʿālôṯ*": "nursing ewes - feminine plural noun", "*hĕḇîʾô*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he brought him", "*lirʿôṯ*": "to shepherd - Qal infinitive construct with preposition", "*bə-yaʿăqōḇ*": "in Jacob - preposition + proper noun", "*ʿammô*": "his people - masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix", "*û-ḇəyiśrāʾēl*": "and in Israel - conjunction + preposition + proper noun", "*naḥălāṯô*": "his inheritance - feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix" }, "variants": { "*mē-ʾaḥar ʿālôṯ*": "from following the nursing ewes/from tending the mother sheep", "*hĕḇîʾô*": "brought him/led him/took him", "*lirʿôṯ*": "to shepherd/to pasture/to tend", "*yaʿăqōḇ ʿammô*": "Jacob his people/his people Jacob", "*yiśrāʾēl naḥălāṯô*": "Israel his inheritance/his inheritance Israel" } } 72 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.72", "source": "וַ֭יִּרְעֵם כְּתֹ֣ם לְבָב֑וֹ וּבִתְבוּנ֖וֹת כַּפָּ֣יו יַנְחֵֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yirʿēm kə-ṯōm ləḇāḇô* *û-ḇiṯḇûnôṯ kappāyw yanḥēm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yirʿēm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he shepherded them", "*kə-ṯōm*": "according to integrity of - preposition + masculine singular construct", "*ləḇāḇô*": "his heart - masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix", "*û-ḇiṯḇûnôṯ*": "and with skillfulness of - conjunction + preposition + feminine plural construct", "*kappāyw*": "his hands/his palms - dual noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix", "*yanḥēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - he guided them" }, "variants": { "*wə-yirʿēm*": "shepherded them/pastured them/tended them", "*ṯōm ləḇāḇô*": "integrity of his heart/wholeness of his heart/blamelessness of his heart", "*ṯḇûnôṯ kappāyw*": "skillfulness of his hands/understanding of his hands/discernment of his palms", "*yanḥēm*": "guided them/led them/directed them" } }
• Isa 40:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.40.11", "source": "כְּרֹעֶה֙ עֶדְר֣וֹ יִרְעֶ֔ה בִּזְרֹעוֹ֙ יְקַבֵּ֣ץ טְלָאִ֔ים וּבְחֵיק֖וֹ יִשָּׂ֑א עָל֖וֹת יְנַהֵֽל׃ ס", "text": "*kěrōʿeh ʿedrô yirʿeh bizrōʿô yěqabbēṣ ṭělāʾîm ûběḥêqô yiśśāʾ ʿālôt yěnahēl*", "grammar": { "*kěrōʿeh*": "preposition + qal participle, masculine singular - 'like shepherd'", "*ʿedrô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his flock'", "*yirʿeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he will tend'", "*bizrōʿô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'with his arm'", "*yěqabbēṣ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he will gather'", "*ṭělāʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'lambs'", "*ûběḥêqô*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'and in his bosom'", "*yiśśāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he will carry'", "*ʿālôt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - 'nursing ewes'", "*yěnahēl*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he will lead'" }, "variants": { "*kěrōʿeh*": "like a shepherd/as a shepherd", "*yirʿeh*": "will tend/will shepherd/will pasture", "*yěqabbēṣ*": "will gather/will collect", "*ṭělāʾîm*": "lambs/young sheep", "*běḥêqô*": "in his bosom/in his arms", "*ʿālôt*": "nursing ewes/nursing mothers/suckling ones", "*yěnahēl*": "will lead/will guide gently" } }
• Zech 13:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Zechariah.13.5", "source": "וְאָמַ֕ר לֹ֥א נָבִ֖יא אָנֹ֑כִי אִישׁ־עֹבֵ֤ד אֲדָמָה֙ אָנֹ֔כִי כִּ֥י אָדָ֖ם הִקְנַ֥נִי מִנְּעוּרָֽי׃", "text": "And *'āmar* 'Not *nāḇî'* *'ānōḵî*; *'îš*-*'ōḇēḏ* *'ăḏāmâ* *'ānōḵî*, for *'āḏām* *hiqnanî* from *nə'ûrāy*.'", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he will say", "*nāḇî'*": "noun, masculine, singular - prophet", "*'ānōḵî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person common singular - I", "*'îš*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - man of", "*'ōḇēḏ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular, construct - serving/tilling", "*'ăḏāmâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - ground/land/soil", "*'āḏām*": "noun, masculine, singular - man/mankind", "*hiqnanî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person common singular suffix - he purchased me/he caused me to be acquired", "*nə'ûrāy*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my youth" }, "variants": { "*'ōḇēḏ*": "serving/tilling/working", "*'ăḏāmâ*": "ground/land/soil/earth", "*hiqnanî*": "he purchased me/he caused me to be acquired/he made me own/he taught me" } }
• 1 Sam 16:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1_Samuel.16.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֣ל אֶל־יִשַׁי֮ הֲתַ֣מּוּ הַנְּעָרִים֒ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר ע֚וֹד שָׁאַ֣ר הַקָּטָ֔ן וְהִנֵּ֥ה רֹעֶ֖ה בַּצֹּ֑אן וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֤ל אֶל־יִשַׁי֙ שִׁלְחָ֣ה וְקָחֶ֔נּוּ כִּ֥י לֹא־נָסֹ֖ב עַד־בֹּא֥וֹ פֹֽה׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *Šəmûʾēl* to *Yišay*, \"Are *hătammû* the *hannəʿārîm*?\" And he *wə-yōʾmer*, \"Yet *šāʾar* the *haqqāṭān*, and behold, *rōʿeh* with the *baṣṣōʾn*.\" And *wə-yōʾmer* *Šəmûʾēl* to *Yišay*, \"*šilḥāh* and *wə-qāḥennû*, for we will not *nāsōb* until his *bōʾô* here.\"", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse", "*hătammû*": "interrogative + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - are they complete/finished", "*hannəʿārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the young men/boys", "*šāʾar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - remains", "*haqqāṭān*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the youngest/smallest", "*rōʿeh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - shepherding", "*baṣṣōʾn*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the flock", "*šilḥāh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - send", "*wə-qāḥennû*": "waw conjunction + Qal imperative, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and take/fetch him", "*nāsōb*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will turn around/sit down", "*bōʾô*": "Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his coming" }, "variants": { "*hătammû*": "are complete/are finished/are all present", "*hannəʿārîm*": "the young men/the boys/the servants", "*šāʾar*": "remains/is left/is still", "*haqqāṭān*": "the youngest/the smallest/the least significant", "*rōʿeh*": "shepherding/tending/pasturing", "*nāsōb*": "turn around/sit down/recline" } }