1 {
"verseID": "John.1.1",
"source": "¶Ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ Λόγος, καὶ ὁ Λόγος ἦν πρὸς τὸν Θεόν, καὶ Θεὸς ἦν ὁ Λόγος.",
"text": "In *archē* *ēn* the *Logos*, and the *Logos* *ēn* *pros* the *Theon*, and *Theos* *ēn* the *Logos*.",
"grammar": {
"*archē*": "dative feminine singular - beginning/origin",
"*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was (continuous state)",
"*Logos*": "nominative masculine singular - word/reason/expression",
"*pros*": "preposition with accusative - toward/with/in relation to",
"*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular of *Theos* - God (as object)",
"*Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God (as subject)"
},
"variants": {
"*archē*": "beginning/first principle/origin/primordial state",
"*Logos*": "word/reason/divine expression/principle/discourse",
"*pros*": "toward/with/facing/in relationship with",
"*Theos*": "God/deity/divine being"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "John.1.2",
"source": "Οὗτος ἦν ἐν ἀρχῇ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν.",
"text": "*Houtos* *ēn* in *archē* *pros* the *Theon*.",
"grammar": {
"*Houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - this one/he",
"*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was (continuous state)",
"*archē*": "dative feminine singular - beginning/origin",
"*pros*": "preposition with accusative - toward/with/in relation to",
"*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular of *Theos* - God (as object)"
},
"variants": {
"*Houtos*": "this one/he/the same",
"*archē*": "beginning/first principle/origin/primordial state",
"*pros*": "toward/with/facing/in relationship with"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "John.1.3",
"source": "Πάντα διʼ αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο· καὶ χωρὶς αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο οὐδὲ ἕν ὃ γέγονεν.",
"text": "*Panta* through *autou* *egeneto*; and *chōris* *autou* *egeneto* *oude hen* which *gegonen*.",
"grammar": {
"*Panta*": "nominative/accusative neuter plural - all things",
"*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his",
"*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - became/was made/came into being",
"*chōris*": "preposition with genitive - apart from/without",
"*oude hen*": "not even one thing (intensive negation)",
"*gegonen*": "perfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - has come into being/has been made"
},
"variants": {
"*Panta*": "all things/everything",
"*egeneto*": "became/came into being/was made",
"*chōris*": "apart from/without/separate from",
"*oude hen*": "not even one thing/nothing whatsoever",
"*gegonen*": "has come into being/has been made/has happened"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "John.1.4",
"source": "Ἐν αὐτῷ ζωὴ ἦν· καὶ ἡ ζωὴ ἦν τὸ φῶς τῶν ἀνθρώπων.",
"text": "In *autō* *zōē* *ēn*; and the *zōē* *ēn* the *phōs* of the *anthrōpōn*.",
"grammar": {
"*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - in him",
"*zōē*": "nominative feminine singular - life",
"*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was (continuous state)",
"*phōs*": "nominative neuter singular - light",
"*anthrōpōn*": "genitive masculine plural of *anthrōpos* - of men/humans/mankind"
},
"variants": {
"*zōē*": "life/existence/vital force",
"*phōs*": "light/illumination/understanding",
"*anthrōpōn*": "humans/mankind/people"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "John.1.5",
"source": "Καὶ τὸ φῶς ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ φαίνει· καὶ ἡ σκοτία αὐτὸ οὐ κατέλαβεν.",
"text": "And the *phōs* in the *skotia* *phainei*; and the *skotia* *auto* not *katelaben*.",
"grammar": {
"*phōs*": "nominative neuter singular - light",
"*skotia*": "dative feminine singular - darkness",
"*phainei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *phainō* - shines/appears",
"*auto*": "accusative neuter singular pronoun - it (referring to light)",
"*katelaben*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular of *katalambanō* - seized/overcame/comprehended/grasped"
},
"variants": {
"*phōs*": "light/illumination/understanding",
"*skotia*": "darkness/ignorance/evil",
"*phainei*": "shines/appears/gives light (continuing action)",
"*katelaben*": "comprehended/overcame/seized/grasped/apprehended"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "John.1.6",
"source": "¶Ἐγένετο ἄνθρωπος ἀπεσταλμένος παρὰ Θεοῦ, ὄνομα αὐτῷ Ἰωάννης.",
"text": "*Egeneto anthropos apestalmenos* from *Theou*, *onoma autō Iōannēs*.",
"grammar": {
"*Egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - became/came/appeared",
"*anthropos*": "nominative masculine singular - man/human",
"*apestalmenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative masculine singular of *apostellō* - having been sent",
"*Theou*": "genitive masculine singular - of God/from God",
"*onoma*": "nominative neuter singular - name",
"*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him",
"*Iōannēs*": "nominative masculine singular - John"
},
"variants": {
"*Egeneto*": "appeared/came/arose/came into being",
"*anthropos*": "man/human/person",
"*apestalmenos*": "having been sent/commissioned/appointed"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "John.1.7",
"source": "Οὗτος ἦλθεν εἰς μαρτυρίαν, ἵνα μαρτυρήσῃ περὶ τοῦ Φωτός, ἵνα πάντες πιστεύσωσιν διʼ αὐτοῦ.",
"text": "*Houtos ēlthen* for *martyrian*, that he might *martyrēsē* concerning the *Phōtos*, that *pantes pisteuōsin* through *autou*.",
"grammar": {
"*Houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - this one/he",
"*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular of *erchomai* - came/went",
"*martyrian*": "accusative feminine singular - testimony/witness",
"*martyrēsē*": "aorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular of *martyreō* - might testify/witness",
"*Phōtos*": "genitive neuter singular of *phōs* - of the Light",
"*pantes*": "nominative masculine plural - all (people)",
"*pisteuōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive 3rd person plural of *pisteuō* - might believe",
"*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - through him"
},
"variants": {
"*martyrian*": "testimony/witness/evidence",
"*martyrēsē*": "might testify/bear witness/give evidence",
"*pisteuōsin*": "might believe/trust/have faith"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "John.1.8",
"source": "Οὐκ ἦν ἐκεῖνος τὸ Φῶς, ἀλλʼ ἵνα μαρτυρήσῃ περὶ τοῦ Φωτός.",
"text": "Not *ēn ekeinos* the *Phōs*, but that he might *martyrēsē* concerning the *Phōtos*.",
"grammar": {
"*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was",
"*ekeinos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - that one/he",
"*Phōs*": "nominative neuter singular - Light",
"*martyrēsē*": "aorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular of *martyreō* - might testify/witness",
"*Phōtos*": "genitive neuter singular of *phōs* - of the Light"
},
"variants": {
"*ekeinos*": "that one/he/that man",
"*Phōs*": "Light/illumination (capitalized, indicating divine light)",
"*martyrēsē*": "might testify/bear witness/give evidence"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "John.1.9",
"source": "Ἦν τὸ Φῶς τὸ ἀληθινόν, ὃ φωτίζει πάντα ἄνθρωπον ἐρχόμενον εἰς τὸν κόσμον.",
"text": "*Ēn* the *Phōs* the *alēthinon*, which *phōtizei panta anthrōpon erchomenon* into the *kosmon*.",
"grammar": {
"*Ēn*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was",
"*Phōs*": "nominative neuter singular - Light",
"*alēthinon*": "nominative neuter singular - true/genuine/real",
"*phōtizei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *phōtizō* - gives light to/illuminates",
"*panta*": "accusative masculine singular - every",
"*anthrōpon*": "accusative masculine singular - man/human",
"*erchomenon*": "present middle/passive participle, accusative masculine singular or nominative neuter singular of *erchomai* - coming",
"*kosmon*": "accusative masculine singular - world"
},
"variants": {
"*alēthinon*": "true/genuine/real/authentic",
"*phōtizei*": "illuminates/enlightens/gives light to",
"*erchomenon*": "coming (can modify either light or man, grammatically ambiguous)",
"*kosmon*": "world/universe/ordered system"
}
}