Judges 18:23

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Judges.18.23", "source": "וַֽיִּקְרְאוּ֙ אֶל־בְּנֵי־דָ֔ן וַיַּסֵּ֖בּוּ פְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לְמִיכָ֔ה מַה־לְּךָ֖ כִּ֥י נִזְעָֽקְתָּ׃", "text": "And *wayyiqrĕʾû* to-sons-of-*dān* and *wayyassēbbû* their faces and *wayyōʾmĕrû* to-*mîkâ*, what-to-you that *nizʿāqtā*?", "grammar": { "*wayyiqrĕʾû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, qal imperfect - they called", "*bĕnê-dān*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Dan", "*wayyassēbbû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, hiphil imperfect - they turned around", "*pĕnêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their faces", "*wayyōʾmĕrû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, qal imperfect - they said", "*mîkâ*": "proper noun - Micah", "*mah-lĕkā*": "interrogative + preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - what to you/what ails you", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because", "*nizʿāqtā*": "2nd masculine singular, niphal perfect - you have been called together/assembled" }, "variants": { "*wayyassēbbû pĕnêhem*": "they turned their faces/they turned around", "*mah-lĕkā*": "what is wrong with you/what troubles you/what do you want", "*nizʿāqtā*": "you have gathered (people)/you have assembled/you have raised an alarm" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַֽיִּקְרְאוּ֙ אֶל־בְּנֵי־דָ֔ן וַיַּסֵּ֖בּוּ פְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לְמִיכָ֔ה מַה־לְּךָ֖ כִּ֥י נִזְעָֽקְתָּ׃

Transliteration

And wayyiqrĕʾû to-sons-of-dān and wayyassēbbû their faces and wayyōʾmĕrû to-mîkâ, what-to-you that nizʿāqtā?

Grammar Details

• *wayyiqrĕʾû*: waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, qal imperfect - they called
• *bĕnê-dān*: masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Dan
• *wayyassēbbû*: waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, hiphil imperfect - they turned around
• *pĕnêhem*: masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their faces
• *wayyōʾmĕrû*: waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, qal imperfect - they said
• *mîkâ*: proper noun - Micah
• *mah-lĕkā*: interrogative + preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - what to you/what ails you
• *kî*: conjunction - that/because
• *nizʿāqtā*: 2nd masculine singular, niphal perfect - you have been called together/assembled

Word Meanings

• *wayyassēbbû pĕnêhem*: they turned their faces/they turned around
• *mah-lĕkā*: what is wrong with you/what troubles you/what do you want
• *nizʿāqtā*: you have gathered (people)/you have assembled/you have raised an alarm

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  They called out to the Danites, who turned to face them, and said to Micah, 'What’s the matter with you, that you have called your men together?'

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And they called out to the children of Dan, and they turned their faces and said to Micah, What troubles you, that you come with such a company?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  They turned their faces aboute, and sayde vnto Micha: What ayleth the, yt thou makest soch a crienge?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And cryed vnto the children of Dan: who turned their faces, and said vnto Michah, What ayleth thee, that thou makest an outcrie?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And called vnto them, and they turned their faces, & said vnto Micah: What ayleth thee, that thou makest an outcrye?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  They cried to the children of Dan. They turned their faces, and said to Micah, What ails you, that you come with such a company?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and call unto the sons of Dan, and they turn round their faces, and say to Micah, `What -- to thee that thou hast been called together?'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Crying out to them. And the Danites, turning round, said to Micah, What is your trouble, that you have taken up arms?

• World English Bible (2000)

  They cried to the children of Dan. They turned their faces, and said to Micah, "What ails you, that you come with such a company?"

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  When they called out to the Danites, the Danites turned around and said to Micah,“Why have you gathered together?”

Referenced Verses

• Gen 21:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Genesis.21.17", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אֱלֹהִים֮ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַנַּעַר֒ וַיִּקְרָא֩ מַלְאַ֨ךְ אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ אֶל־הָגָר֙ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָ֖הּ מַה־לָּ֣ךְ הָגָ֑ר אַל־תִּ֣ירְאִ֔י כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֧ע אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶל־ק֥וֹל הַנַּ֖עַר בַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הוּא־שָֽׁם׃", "text": "And *yišmaʿ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾet*-*qôl* *hannaʿar* and *yiqrāʾ* *malʾak* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*Hāgār* from-*haššāmayim* and *yōʾmer* to-her what-for-you *Hāgār* not-*tîrʾî* *kî*-*šāmaʿ* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*qôl* *hannaʿar* in-*ʾăšer* he-*šām*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction with consecutive imperfect - and (sequential action)", "*yišmaʿ*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he heard", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice of", "*ha-*": "definite article - the", "*naʿar*": "masculine singular noun - boy/lad", "*yiqrāʾ*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he called", "*malʾak*": "masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*Hāgār*": "proper noun - Hagar", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*ha-*": "definite article - the", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun - heavens", "*yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*lāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her", "*mah*": "interrogative - what", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*Hāgār*": "proper noun - Hagar", "*ʾal*": "negative particle for imperatives - do not", "*tîrʾî*": "qal imperfect (jussive), 2nd feminine singular - you fear", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*šāmaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has heard", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice of", "*ha-*": "definite article - the", "*naʿar*": "masculine singular noun - boy/lad", "*ba*": "preposition - in", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/where", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - he", "*šām*": "adverb - there" }, "variants": { "*yišmaʿ*": "heard/listened to", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (here used as singular)", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/cry", "*naʿar*": "boy/lad/young man", "*yiqrāʾ*": "called/cried out", "*malʾak*": "messenger/angel", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*yōʾmer*": "said/spoke", "*mah-lāk*": "what's wrong/what troubles you", "*tîrʾî*": "fear/be afraid", "*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened to", "*ba-ʾăšer hûʾ-šām*": "where he is/in the condition he is in" } }
• 1 Sam 11:5 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.11.5", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֣ה שָׁא֗וּל בָּ֣א אַחֲרֵ֤י הַבָּקָר֙ מִן־הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל מַה־לָּעָ֖ם כִּ֣י יִבְכּ֑וּ וַיְסַ֨פְּרוּ־ל֔וֹ אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֖י אַנְשֵׁ֥י יָבֵֽישׁ", "text": "And *wəhinnê* *šāʾûl* *bāʾ* after the *habbāqār* from the *haśśādeh* and *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* what to the *lāʿām* that *yibkû* and *waysappərû-lô* *ʾet-dibrê* *ʾanšê* *yābêš*", "grammar": { "*wəhinnê*": "waw conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bāʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - coming", "*habbāqār*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the cattle/oxen", "*haśśādeh*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the field", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*lāʿām*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - to the people", "*yibkû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they weep", "*waysappərû-lô*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they told to him", "*ʾet-dibrê*": "direct object marker + construct plural of *dābār* - words of", "*ʾanšê*": "construct plural of *ʾîš* - men of", "*yābêš*": "proper noun - Jabesh" }, "variants": { "*hinnê*": "behold/look/see", "*bāqār*": "cattle/oxen/herd", "*śādeh*": "field/open country/land" } }
• 2 Sam 14:5 : 5 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.14.5", "source": "וַיֹּֽאמֶר־לָ֥הּ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מַה־לָּ֑ךְ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר אֲבָ֛ל אִשָּֽׁה־אַלְמָנָ֥ה אָ֖נִי וַיָּ֥מָת אִישִֽׁי׃", "text": "And *ʾāmar* to her the *melek* what [is] to you and *ʾāmar* *ʾăbāl* *ʾiššâ-ʾalmānâ* *ʾănî* and *mûṯ* *ʾîš* my.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - said (first occurrence); qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + waw consecutive - said (second occurrence)", "*ʾăbāl*": "adverb - truly/indeed", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*mûṯ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - died", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - king", "*ʾiššâ-ʾalmānâ*": "noun, feminine singular construct + adjective - widow woman", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - husband/man" }, "variants": { "*ʾăbāl*": "truly/indeed/certainly", "*ʾalmānâ*": "widow/desolate" } }
• 2 Kgs 6:28 : 28 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.28", "source": "וַיֹּֽאמֶר־לָ֥הּ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מַה־לָּ֑ךְ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר הָאִשָּׁ֨ה הַזֹּ֜את אָמְרָ֣ה אֵלַ֗י תְּנִ֤י אֶת־בְּנֵךְ֙ וְנֹאכְלֶ֣נּוּ הַיּ֔וֹם וְאֶת־בְּנִ֖י נֹאכַ֥ל מָחָֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer-lāh* *ha-melek* *mah-lāk* *wə-tōʾmer* *hā-ʾiššāh* *ha-zōʾt* *ʾāmərāh* *ʾēlay* *tənî* *ʾet-bənēk* *wə-nōʾkəlennû* *ha-yôm* *wə-ʾet-bənî* *nōʾkal* *māḥār*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer-lāh*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms + preposition + 3fs suffix - and he said to her", "*ha-melek*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*mah-lāk*": "interrogative + preposition + 2fs suffix - what (is) to you/what is your trouble", "*wə-tōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3fs - and she said", "*hā-ʾiššāh*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*ha-zōʾt*": "article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ʾāmərāh*": "Qal perfect 3fs - said", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1cs suffix - to me", "*tənî*": "Qal imperative fs - give", "*ʾet-bənēk*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 2fs suffix - your son", "*wə-nōʾkəlennû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1cp + 3ms suffix - and we will eat him", "*ha-yôm*": "article + noun, masculine singular - today", "*wə-ʾet-bənî*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 1cs suffix - and my son", "*nōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 1cp - we will eat", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow" }, "variants": { "*mah-lāk*": "what ails you/what is your trouble/what do you want", "*tənî*": "give/hand over/provide", "*nōʾkəlennû*": "we will eat him/we will consume him", "*māḥār*": "tomorrow/the next day" } }
• Ps 114:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.114.5", "source": "מַה־לְּךָ֣ הַ֭יָּם כִּ֣י תָנ֑וּס הַ֝יַּרְדֵּ֗ן תִּסֹּ֥ב לְאָחֽוֹר׃", "text": "*mah-lĕkā* the *yām* that *tānûs* the *yarrĕdēn* *tissōb* *lĕʾāḥôr*", "grammar": { "*mah-lĕkā*": "interrogative with preposition and 2nd masculine singular suffix - what to you", "*yām*": "noun with definite article - the sea", "*tānûs*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you flee", "*yarrĕdēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan", "*tissōb*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you turn", "*lĕʾāḥôr*": "noun with preposition - backward" }, "variants": { "*mah-lĕkā*": "what is with you/what ails you/what's your problem", "*tānûs*": "you flee/you run away", "*tissōb*": "you turn/you turn around/you turn back" } }
• Isa 22:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.22.1", "source": "מַשָּׂ֖א גֵּ֣יא חִזָּי֑וֹן מַה־לָּ֣ךְ אֵפ֔וֹא כִּֽי־עָלִ֥ית כֻּלָּ֖ךְ לַגַּגּֽוֹת׃", "text": "*Maśśāʾ* *gēʾ* *ḥizzāyôn* what-to-you *ʾēpôʾ* that-*ʿālît* all-of-you to-the-*gaggôt*", "grammar": { "*Maśśāʾ*": "construct state, masculine singular - burden/oracle/utterance", "*gēʾ*": "construct state, masculine singular - valley of", "*ḥizzāyôn*": "masculine singular - vision", "מַה־לָּ֣ךְ": "interrogative + preposition with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - what to you", "*ʾēpôʾ*": "interrogative particle - then/now", "כִּֽי־עָלִ֥ית": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - that you have gone up", "כֻּלָּ֖ךְ": "noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - all of you", "לַגַּגּֽוֹת": "preposition + definite article + plural noun - to the roofs" }, "variants": { "*Maśśāʾ*": "burden/oracle/prophecy/utterance", "*gēʾ*": "valley/ravine", "*ḥizzāyôn*": "vision/revelation/prophecy", "*ʾēpôʾ*": "then/now/pray", "*ʿālît*": "ascended/gone up", "*gaggôt*": "roofs/housetops" } }