30 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.30",
"source": "וַיַּעֲל֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י בִנְיָמִ֖ן בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ אֶל־הַגִּבְעָ֖ה כְּפַ֥עַם בְּפָֽעַם׃",
"text": "*Wayyaʿălû* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* to-*bənê* *Binyāmin* in-the-*yôm* the-*šəlîšî* *wayyaʿarḵû* to-the-*Giḇʿâ* as-*paʿam* in-*pāʿam*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿălû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they went up",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*yôm*": "definite, masculine, singular - the day",
"*šəlîšî*": "definite, masculine, singular, adjective - the third",
"*wayyaʿarḵû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they arranged/set in order",
"*Giḇʿâ*": "definite, proper noun - the Gibeah",
"*paʿam*": "feminine, singular - time/occassion",
"*pāʿam*": "feminine, singular - time/occasion"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿarḵû*": "and they arranged/and they set in battle array/and they prepared",
"*ʾel-haGiḇʿâ*": "against Gibeah/toward Gibeah/at Gibeah",
"*kəpaʿam bəpāʿam*": "as at other times/as before/as on previous occasions"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.31",
"source": "וַיֵּצְא֤וּ בְנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִן֙ לִקְרַ֣את הָעָ֔ם הָנְתְּק֖וּ מִן־הָעִ֑יר וַיָּחֵ֡לּוּ לְהַכּוֹת֩ מֵהָעָ֨ם חֲלָלִ֜ים כְּפַ֣עַם ׀ בְּפַ֗עַם בַּֽמְסִלּוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אַחַ֜ת עֹלָ֣ה בֵֽית־אֵ֗ל וְאַחַ֤ת גִּבְעָ֙תָה֙ בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה כִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים אִ֖ישׁ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And *yāṣəʾû* *bənê*-*binyāmin* to *qərāʾt* the *ʿām*, the *nittəqû* from-the-*ʿîr*, and *yāḥēllû* to-*hakkôt* from-the-*ʿām* *ḥălālîm* as-*paʿam* in-*paʿam* in-the-*məsillôt* which *ʾaḥat* goes-up *bêt*-*ʾēl* and *ʾaḥat* to-*gibəʿātâ* in-the-*śādê*, about-thirty *ʾîš* in-*yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*yāṣəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they went out",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*qərāʾt*": "construct state - meeting of",
"*ʿām*": "common noun, masculine singular - people",
"*nittəqû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person plural - who were drawn away",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*yāḥēllû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they began",
"*hakkôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to smite/strike",
"*ḥălālîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - slain/wounded",
"*paʿam*": "common noun, feminine singular - time/occurrence",
"*məsillôt*": "common noun, feminine plural - highways/roads",
"*ʾaḥat*": "numeral, feminine singular - one",
"*bêt*": "construct state - house of",
"*ʾēl*": "proper noun - El",
"*gibəʿātâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Gibeah",
"*śādê*": "common noun, masculine singular - field",
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular - man/men",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*yāṣəʾû*": "went out/came out/emerged",
"*nittəqû*": "drawn away/separated/lured away",
"*yāḥēllû*": "began/started",
"*hakkôt*": "to strike/smite/slay",
"*ḥălālîm*": "slain/wounded/casualties",
"*paʿam* *bəpaʿam*": "as at other times/as before/repeatedly"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.32",
"source": "וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֔ן נִגָּפִ֥ים הֵ֛ם לְפָנֵ֖ינוּ כְּבָרִאשֹׁנָ֑ה וּבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל אָמְר֗וּ נָנ֙וּסָה֙ וּֽנְתַקְּנֻ֔הוּ מִן־הָעִ֖יר אֶל־הַֽמְסִלּֽוֹת׃",
"text": "And *yōʾmərû* *bənê* *binyāmin*, *niggāpîm* them before-us as-at-first; but-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾāmərû*, *nānûsâ* and-*nətaqqənuhû* from-the-*ʿîr* to-the-*məsillôt*.",
"grammar": {
"*yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they said",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*niggāpîm*": "Niphal participle masculine plural - being struck/defeated",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they said",
"*nānûsâ*": "Qal cohortative 1st person plural - let us flee",
"*nətaqqənuhû*": "Piel cohortative 1st person plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - let us draw him/them away",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*məsillôt*": "common noun, feminine plural - highways/roads"
},
"variants": {
"*niggāpîm*": "being defeated/struck down/smitten",
"*nānûsâ*": "let us flee/run away",
"*nətaqqənuhû*": "let us draw them away/separate them/lure them"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.33",
"source": "וְכֹ֣ל ׀ אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל קָ֚מוּ מִמְּקוֹמ֔וֹ וַיַּעַרְכ֖וּ בְּבַ֣עַל תָּמָ֑ר וְאֹרֵ֧ב יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מֵגִ֥יחַ מִמְּקֹמ֖וֹ מִמַּעֲרֵה גָֽבַע׃",
"text": "And-all *ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* *qāmû* from-*məqômô* and-*yaʿarəkû* in-*baʿal* *tāmār*; and-*ʾōrēb* *yiśrāʾēl* *mēgîaḥ* from-*məqōmô* from-*maʿărê* *gābaʿ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular (collective) - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*qāmû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they arose/stood up",
"*məqômô*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his place",
"*yaʿarəkû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they drew up in battle array",
"*baʿal*": "proper noun - Baal (place name component)",
"*tāmār*": "proper noun - Tamar",
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush/ambusher",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*mēgîaḥ*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - breaking forth",
"*məqōmô*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his place",
"*maʿărê*": "construct state, from *maʿăreh* - bare places/meadows of",
"*gābaʿ*": "proper noun - Geba"
},
"variants": {
"*qāmû*": "arose/stood up/got up",
"*yaʿarəkû*": "drew up in battle array/positioned themselves/arranged",
"*ʾōrēb*": "ambush/ambusher/lier-in-wait",
"*mēgîaḥ*": "breaking forth/rushing out/emerging",
"*maʿărê*": "meadows of/bare places of/open spaces of"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.34",
"source": "וַיָּבֹאוּ֩ מִנֶּ֨גֶד לַגִּבְעָ֜ה עֲשֶׂרֶת֩ אֲלָפִ֨ים אִ֤ישׁ בָּחוּר֙ מִכָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְהַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה כָּבֵ֑דָה וְהֵם֙ לֹ֣א יָדְע֔וּ כִּֽי־נֹגַ֥עַת עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם הָרָעָֽה׃ פ",
"text": "And-*yābōʾû* from-opposite to-the-*gibəʿâ* ten *ʾălāpîm* *ʾîš* *bāḥûr* from-all-*yiśrāʾēl*, and-the-*milḥāmâ* *kābēdâ*; and-they not *yādəʿû* that-*nōgaʿat* upon-them the-*rāʿâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*yābōʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they came",
"*gibəʿâ*": "proper noun - Gibeah",
"*ʾălāpîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - thousands",
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular (collective) - men",
"*bāḥûr*": "adjective, masculine singular - chosen/select",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*milḥāmâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - battle/war",
"*kābēdâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - heavy/severe",
"*yādəʿû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they knew",
"*nōgaʿat*": "Qal participle feminine singular - touching/approaching",
"*rāʿâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster"
},
"variants": {
"*bāḥûr*": "chosen/select/elite",
"*kābēdâ*": "heavy/severe/fierce",
"*nōgaʿat*": "touching/approaching/about to come upon",
"*rāʿâ*": "evil/disaster/calamity"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.35",
"source": "וַיִּגֹּ֨ף יְהוָ֥ה ׀ אֶֽת־בִּנְיָמִן֮ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַיַּשְׁחִיתוּ֩ בְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל בְּבִנְיָמִן֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֥ה אֶ֛לֶף וּמֵאָ֖ה אִ֑ישׁ כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה שֹׁ֥לֵף חָֽרֶב׃",
"text": "And-*yiggōp* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*binyāmin* before *yiśrāʾēl*, and-*yašḥîtû* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* in-*binyāmin* in-the-day the-that twenty and-five *ʾelep* and-hundred *ʾîš*; all-these *šōlēp* *ḥāreb*.",
"grammar": {
"*yiggōp*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he struck",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*yašḥîtû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they destroyed",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*ʾelep*": "common noun, masculine singular - thousand",
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular (collective) - men",
"*šōlēp*": "Qal participle masculine singular - drawing",
"*ḥāreb*": "common noun, feminine singular - sword"
},
"variants": {
"*yiggōp*": "struck/defeated/smote",
"*yašḥîtû*": "destroyed/ruined/laid waste",
"*šōlēp* *ḥāreb*": "drawing the sword/armed with sword/men of war"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.36",
"source": "וַיִּרְא֥וּ בְנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִ֖ן כִּ֣י נִגָּ֑פוּ וַיִּתְּנ֨וּ אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל מָקוֹם֙ לְבִנְיָמִ֔ן כִּ֤י בָֽטְחוּ֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֹרֵ֔ב אֲשֶׁר שָׂ֖מוּ אֶל־הַגִּבְעָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*yirəʾû* *bənê*-*binyāmin* that *niggāpû*; and-*yittənû* *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* *māqôm* to-*binyāmin* because *bāṭəḥû* to-the-*ʾōrēb* which *śāmû* at-the-*gibəʿâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*yirəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they saw",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*niggāpû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person plural - they were defeated",
"*yittənû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they gave",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*māqôm*": "common noun, masculine singular - place/space",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*bāṭəḥû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they trusted",
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush",
"*śāmû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they set/placed",
"*gibəʿâ*": "proper noun - Gibeah"
},
"variants": {
"*niggāpû*": "were defeated/struck down/smitten",
"*bāṭəḥû*": "trusted/relied on/had confidence in",
"*ʾōrēb*": "ambush/ambusher/lier-in-wait"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.37",
"source": "וְהָאֹרֵ֣ב הֵחִ֔ישׁוּ וַֽיִּפְשְׁט֖וּ אֶל־הַגִּבְעָ֑ה וַיִּמְשֹׁךְ֙ הָאֹרֵ֔ב וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־כָּל־הָעִ֖יר לְפִי־חָֽרֶב׃",
"text": "And-the-*ʾōrēb* *hēḥîšû* and-*yipəšəṭû* against-the-*gibəʿâ*; and-*yimšōk* the-*ʾōrēb* and-*yak* *ʾet*-all-the-*ʿîr* to-*pî*-*ḥāreb*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush",
"*hēḥîšû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they hurried",
"*yipəšəṭû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they rushed/spread out",
"*gibəʿâ*": "proper noun - Gibeah",
"*yimšōk*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he drew/extended",
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush",
"*yak*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he struck",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*pî*": "construct state - mouth of",
"*ḥāreb*": "common noun, feminine singular - sword"
},
"variants": {
"*hēḥîšû*": "hurried/hastened/made haste",
"*yipəšəṭû*": "rushed/spread out/made a raid",
"*yimšōk*": "drew out/extended/advanced",
"*pî*-*ḥāreb*": "edge of the sword/with the sword/by the sword"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.38",
"source": "וְהַמּוֹעֵ֗ד הָיָ֛ה לְאִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עִם־הָאֹרֵ֑ב הֶ֕רֶב לְהַעֲלוֹתָ֛ם מַשְׂאַ֥ת הֶעָשָׁ֖ן מִן־הָעִֽיר׃",
"text": "And-the-*môʿēd* *hāyâ* to-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* with-the-*ʾōrēb* to-increase to-*haʿălôtām* *maśʾat* the-*ʿāšān* from-the-*ʿîr*.",
"grammar": {
"*môʿēd*": "common noun, masculine singular - appointed sign/signal",
"*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it was",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush",
"*haʿălôtām*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their causing to go up",
"*maśʾat*": "construct state - rising/cloud of",
"*ʿāšān*": "common noun, masculine singular - smoke",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city"
},
"variants": {
"*môʿēd*": "appointed sign/signal/arrangement",
"*haʿălôtām*": "their causing to go up/sending up/raising",
"*maśʾat*": "rising/cloud/column",
"*ʿāšān*": "smoke/vapor"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.39",
"source": "וַיַּהֲפֹ֥ךְ אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וּבִנְיָמִ֡ן הֵחֵל֩ לְהַכּ֨וֹת חֲלָלִ֤ים בְּאִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים אִ֔ישׁ כִּ֣י אָמְר֔וּ אַךְ֩ נִגּ֨וֹף נִגָּ֥ף הוּא֙ לְפָנֵ֔ינוּ כַּמִּלְחָמָ֖ה הָרִאשֹׁנָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*yahăpōk* *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* in-the-*milḥāmâ*; and-*binyāmin* *hēḥēl* to-*hakkôt* *ḥălālîm* in-*ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* about-thirty *ʾîš*, for *ʾāmərû*, 'Surely *niggôp* *niggāp* he before-us as-in-the-*milḥāmâ* the-first.'",
"grammar": {
"*yahăpōk*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he turned",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*milḥāmâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - battle/war",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*hēḥēl*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he began",
"*hakkôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to smite/strike",
"*ḥălālîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - slain/wounded",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular - man/men",
"*ʾāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they said",
"*niggôp*": "Qal infinitive absolute - being struck",
"*niggāp*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he is struck",
"*milḥāmâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - battle/war"
},
"variants": {
"*yahăpōk*": "turned/turned around/reversed position",
"*hēḥēl*": "began/started",
"*hakkôt*": "to strike/smite/slay",
"*ḥălālîm*": "slain/wounded/casualties",
"*niggôp* *niggāp*": "surely defeated/utterly smitten/completely struck down"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.40",
"source": "וְהַמַּשְׂאֵ֗ת הֵחֵ֛לָּה לַעֲל֥וֹת מִן־הָעִ֖יר עַמּ֣וּד עָשָׁ֑ן וַיִּ֤פֶן בִּנְיָמִן֙ אַחֲרָ֔יו וְהִנֵּ֛ה עָלָ֥ה כְלִיל־הָעִ֖יר הַשָּׁמָֽיְמָה׃",
"text": "And-the-*maśʾēt* *hēḥēllâ* to-*ʿălôt* from-the-*ʿîr* *ʿammûd* *ʿāšān*; and-*yipen* *binyāmin* behind-him, and-behold *ʿālâ* *kəlîl*-the-*ʿîr* toward-the-*šāmāyəmâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*maśʾēt*": "common noun, feminine singular - rising/cloud",
"*hēḥēllâ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - it began",
"*ʿălôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to go up",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*ʿammûd*": "common noun, masculine singular - pillar/column",
"*ʿāšān*": "common noun, masculine singular - smoke",
"*yipen*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he turned",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it went up",
"*kəlîl*": "common noun, masculine singular - completeness/whole",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*šāmāyəmâ*": "common noun with directional heh - toward the heavens"
},
"variants": {
"*maśʾēt*": "rising/cloud/column",
"*hēḥēllâ*": "began/started",
"*ʿammûd*": "pillar/column",
"*yipen*": "turned/looked back",
"*kəlîl*": "completeness/whole/entirety"
}
}