1 { "verseID": "Psalms.129.1", "source": "שִׁ֗יר הַֽמַּ֫עֲל֥וֹת רַ֭בַּת צְרָר֣וּנִי מִנְּעוּרַ֑י יֹֽאמַר־נָ֝א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*šîr* the *hammaʿălôt* *rabbat* *ṣərārûnî* from *nəʿûray* *yōʾmar*-*nāʾ* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*šîr*": "construct noun, masculine singular - song of", "*hammaʿălôt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the ascents/steps/degrees", "*rabbat*": "adverb, intensive form - greatly/much/many times", "*ṣərārûnî*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person singular suffix - they have afflicted/oppressed me", "*nəʿûray*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my youth", "*yōʾmar*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - let say/speak", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - now/please", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*šîr* *hammaʿălôt*": "song of ascents/pilgrim song/song of degrees", "*rabbat*": "greatly/much/many times", "*ṣərārûnî*": "afflicted me/oppressed me/harassed me/bound me", "*yōʾmar*-*nāʾ*": "let say now/may say now/should say now" } }

2 { "verseID": "Psalms.129.2", "source": "רַ֭בַּת צְרָר֣וּנִי מִנְּעוּרָ֑י גַּ֝ם לֹא־יָ֥כְלוּ לִֽי׃", "text": "*rabbat* *ṣərārûnî* from *nəʿûray* *gam* not-*yāḵəlû* to me", "grammar": { "*rabbat*": "adverb, intensive form - greatly/much/many times", "*ṣərārûnî*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person singular suffix - they have afflicted/oppressed me", "*nəʿûray*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my youth", "*gam*": "conjunction/adverb - also/moreover/yet", "*yāḵəlû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they prevailed/overcame", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me/against me" }, "variants": { "*rabbat*": "greatly/many times/often", "*ṣərārûnî*": "afflicted me/oppressed me/harassed me/bound me", "*gam* not-*yāḵəlû* *lî*": "yet they have not prevailed against me/nevertheless they could not overcome me" } }

3 { "verseID": "Psalms.129.3", "source": "עַל־גַּ֭בִּי חָרְשׁ֣וּ חֹרְשִׁ֑ים הֶ֝אֱרִ֗יכוּ לְמַעֲנִיתָֽם׃", "text": "Upon *gabbî* *ḥārəšû* *ḥōrəšîm* *heʾĕrîḵû* *ləmaʿănîtām*", "grammar": { "*gabbî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my back", "*ḥārəšû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they plowed", "*ḥōrəšîm*": "participle, Qal masculine plural - plowers/plowmen", "*heʾĕrîḵû*": "verb, Hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they made long/extended", "*ləmaʿănîtām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their furrows/plowing" }, "variants": { "*ḥārəšû*": "plowed/engraved/cut", "*ḥōrəšîm*": "plowers/plowmen/engravers", "*heʾĕrîḵû*": "made long/extended/prolonged", "*ləmaʿănîtām*": "their furrows/their plowing/their cutting" } }

4 { "verseID": "Psalms.129.4", "source": "יְהוָ֥ה צַדִּ֑יק קִ֝צֵּ֗ץ עֲב֣וֹת רְשָׁעִֽים׃", "text": "*YHWH* *ṣaddîq* *qiṣṣēṣ* *ʿăḇôt* *rəšāʿîm*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous", "*qiṣṣēṣ*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has cut/cut off", "*ʿăḇôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cords/ropes of", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked ones/evil people" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/lawful", "*qiṣṣēṣ*": "cut off/cut in pieces/severed", "*ʿăḇôt*": "cords/ropes/bonds/chains", "*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/evil people/lawless ones" } }

5 { "verseID": "Psalms.129.5", "source": "יֵ֭בֹשׁוּ וְיִסֹּ֣גוּ אָח֑וֹר כֹּ֝֗ל שֹׂנְאֵ֥י צִיּֽוֹן׃", "text": "*yēḇōšû* and *yissōḡû* *ʾāḥôr* all *śōnəʾēy* *ṣiyyôn*", "grammar": { "*yēḇōšû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be ashamed/put to shame", "*yissōḡû*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be turned back", "*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward", "*śōnəʾēy*": "participle, Qal masculine plural construct - haters of/those who hate", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion" }, "variants": { "*yēḇōšû*": "be ashamed/be put to shame/be confounded", "*yissōḡû* *ʾāḥôr*": "be turned back/retreat/be driven backward", "*śōnəʾēy*": "haters of/those who hate/enemies of" } }

6 { "verseID": "Psalms.129.6", "source": "יִ֭הְיוּ כַּחֲצִ֣יר גַּגּ֑וֹת שֶׁקַּדְמַ֖ת שָׁלַ֣ף יָבֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "*yihyû* like *ḥăṣîr* *gaggôt* that *qadmat* *šālaph* *yāḇēš*", "grammar": { "*yihyû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*ḥăṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular - grass", "*gaggôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - roofs", "*šeqadmat*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - that before", "*šālaph*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it is pulled out/drawn out", "*yāḇēš*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it withers/dries up" }, "variants": { "*ḥăṣîr*": "grass/hay/herb", "*gaggôt*": "roofs/housetops", "*qadmat* *šālaph*": "before being pulled out/before sprouting forth", "*šālaph*": "pulled out/drawn out/extracted", "*yāḇēš*": "withers/dries up/becomes dry" } }

7 { "verseID": "Psalms.129.7", "source": "שֶׁלֹּ֤א מִלֵּ֖א כַפּ֥וֹ קוֹצֵ֗ר וְחִצְנ֥וֹ מְעַמֵּֽר׃", "text": "That not *millēʾ* *kappô* *qôṣēr* and *ḥiṣnô* *məʿammēr*", "grammar": { "*šellōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - that not", "*millēʾ*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - fills/filled", "*kappô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand/palm", "*qôṣēr*": "participle, Qal masculine singular - reaper/harvester", "*ḥiṣnô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his bosom/chest", "*məʿammēr*": "participle, Piel masculine singular - binder/sheaf-gatherer" }, "variants": { "*millēʾ* *kappô*": "fills his hand/fills his palm", "*qôṣēr*": "reaper/harvester/one who cuts", "*ḥiṣnô*": "his bosom/his chest/his embrace", "*məʿammēr*": "binder/sheaf-gatherer/one who gathers" } }

8 { "verseID": "Psalms.129.8", "source": "וְלֹ֤א אָֽמְר֨וּ ׀ הָעֹבְרִ֗ים בִּרְכַּֽת־יְהוָ֥ה אֲלֵיכֶ֑ם בֵּרַ֥כְנוּ אֶ֝תְכֶ֗ם בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And not *ʾāmərû* the *hāʿōḇərîm* *birkat*-*YHWH* to you *bēraḵnû* *ʾetḵem* in *šēm* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmərû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they say/said", "*hāʿōḇərîm*": "definite article + participle, Qal masculine plural - the passers-by", "*birkat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - blessing of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you", "*bēraḵnû*": "verb, Piel perfect, 1st person plural - we bless", "*ʾetḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*bəšēm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in name of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name" }, "variants": { "*hāʿōḇərîm*": "those who pass by/the passers-by/those who go by", "*birkat*-*YHWH*": "blessing of YHWH/YHWH's blessing", "*bēraḵnû* *ʾetḵem* *bəšēm* *YHWH*": "we bless you in the name of YHWH" } }