38{
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.38",
"source": "אֶרְדְּפָ֥ה אֹיְבַ֖י וָאַשְׁמִידֵ֑ם וְלֹ֥א אָשׁ֖וּב עַד־כַּלּוֹתָֽם׃",
"text": "*ʾerdepâ* *ʾōyebay* and *wāʾašmîdēm*; and not *ʾāšûb* until-*kallôtām*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾerdepâ*": "Qal imperfect 1cs cohortative - I pursue",
"*ʾōyebay*": "masculine plural noun with 1cs suffix - my enemies",
"*wāʾašmîdēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1cs with 3mp suffix with waw-consecutive - and I destroy them",
"*ʾāšûb*": "Qal imperfect 1cs - I return",
"*kallôtām*": "Piel infinitive construct with 3mp suffix - destroying them"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾerdepâ*": "pursue, chase, follow after",
"*wāʾašmîdēm*": "destroy them, annihilate them, exterminate them",
"*ʾāšûb*": "return, turn back, go back",
"*kallôtām*": "finishing them, completing them, consuming them"
}
}
39{
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.39",
"source": "וָאֲכַלֵּ֥ם וָאֶמְחָצֵ֖ם וְלֹ֣א יְקוּמ֑וּן וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ תַּ֥חַת רַגְלָֽי׃",
"text": "And *wāʾăkallēm* and *wāʾemḥāṣēm* and not *yeqûmûn*; and *wayyippelû* under *raglāy*.",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾăkallēm*": "Piel imperfect 1cs with 3mp suffix with waw-consecutive - and I consumed them",
"*wāʾemḥāṣēm*": "Qal imperfect 1cs with 3mp suffix with waw-consecutive - and I crushed them",
"*yeqûmûn*": "Qal imperfect 3mp - they rise",
"*wayyippelû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw-consecutive - they fell",
"*raglāy*": "feminine dual noun with 1cs suffix - my feet"
},
"variants": {
"*wāʾăkallēm*": "consumed them, finished them, ended them",
"*wāʾemḥāṣēm*": "crushed them, smashed them, struck them",
"*yeqûmûn*": "rise, stand up, get up"
}
}
40{
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.40",
"source": "וַתַּזְרֵ֥נִי חַ֖יִל לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה תַּכְרִ֥יעַ קָמַ֖י תַּחְתֵּֽנִי׃",
"text": "And *wattazrēnî* *ḥayil* for *milḥāmâ*; *takrîaʿ* *qāmay* under me.",
"grammar": {
"*wattazrēnî*": "Piel imperfect 2ms with 1cs suffix with waw-consecutive - you girded me",
"*ḥayil*": "masculine noun - strength",
"*milḥāmâ*": "feminine noun - battle/war",
"*takrîaʿ*": "Hiphil imperfect 2ms - you make bow down",
"*qāmay*": "Qal participle masculine plural with 1cs suffix - those rising against me"
},
"variants": {
"*wattazrēnî*": "girded me, armed me, equipped me",
"*ḥayil*": "strength, might, power, army",
"*takrîaʿ*": "make bow down, subdue, cause to kneel",
"*qāmay*": "those rising against me, my adversaries, those attacking me"
}
}
41{
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.41",
"source": "וְאֹ֣יְבַ֔י תַּ֥תָּה לִּ֖י עֹ֑רֶף מְשַׂנְאַ֖י וָאַצְמִיתֵֽם׃",
"text": "And *ʾōyebay* *tattâ* to me *ʿōrep*; *meśanʾay* and *wāʾaṣmîtēm*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾōyebay*": "masculine plural noun with 1cs suffix - my enemies",
"*tattâ*": "Qal perfect 2ms - you gave",
"*ʿōrep*": "masculine noun - neck/back",
"*meśanʾay*": "Piel participle masculine plural with 1cs suffix - those hating me",
"*wāʾaṣmîtēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1cs with 3mp suffix with waw-consecutive - and I destroyed them"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿōrep*": "neck, back (showing they fled)",
"*meśanʾay*": "those hating me, my haters, those despising me",
"*wāʾaṣmîtēm*": "destroyed them, exterminated them, put an end to them"
}
}
42{
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.42",
"source": "יִשְׁע֖וּ וְאֵ֣ין מֹשִׁ֑יעַ אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א עָנָֽם׃",
"text": "*yišʿû* and there is no *môšîaʿ*; to-*YHWH* and not *ʿānām*.",
"grammar": {
"*yišʿû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp - they look",
"*môšîaʿ*": "Hiphil participle ms - one saving",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*ʿānām*": "Qal perfect 3ms with 3mp suffix - he answered them"
},
"variants": {
"*yišʿû*": "looked, cried out, sought help",
"*môšîaʿ*": "savior, deliverer, rescuer"
}
}
43{
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.43",
"source": "וְאֶשְׁחָקֵ֖ם כַּעֲפַר־אָ֑רֶץ כְּטִיט־חוּצ֥וֹת אֲדִקֵּ֖ם אֶרְקָעֵֽם׃",
"text": "And *ʾešḥāqēm* like *ʿăpar*-*ʾāreṣ*; like *ṭîṭ*-*ḥûṣôt* *ʾădīqqēm* *ʾerqāʿēm*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾešḥāqēm*": "Qal imperfect 1cs with 3mp suffix - I pulverize them",
"*ʿăpar*": "masculine noun construct - dust of",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine noun - earth",
"*ṭîṭ*": "masculine noun construct - mud of",
"*ḥûṣôt*": "feminine plural noun - streets",
"*ʾădīqqēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1cs with 3mp suffix - I crush them",
"*ʾerqāʿēm*": "Qal imperfect 1cs with 3mp suffix - I stamp them"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾešḥāqēm*": "pulverize them, crush them to powder, grind them",
"*ʿăpar*": "dust, powder, earth",
"*ṭîṭ*": "mud, clay, mire",
"*ḥûṣôt*": "streets, outside places, open spaces",
"*ʾădīqqēm*": "crush them, pulverize them, beat them fine",
"*ʾerqāʿēm*": "stamp them, tread them, spread them out"
}
}
44{
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.44",
"source": "וַֽתְּפַלְּטֵ֔נִי מֵרִיבֵ֖י עַמִּ֑י תִּשְׁמְרֵ֙נִי֙ לְרֹ֣אשׁ גּוֹיִ֔ם עַ֥ם לֹא־יָדַ֖עְתִּי יַעַבְדֻֽנִי׃",
"text": "And *wattepalleṭēnî* from *rîbê* *ʿammî*; *tišmerēnî* for *rōʾš* *gôyim*, *ʿam* not-*yādaʿtî* *yaʿabdunî*.",
"grammar": {
"*wattepalleṭēnî*": "Piel imperfect 2ms with 1cs suffix with waw-consecutive - you delivered me",
"*rîbê*": "masculine plural construct of *rîb* - disputes of",
"*ʿammî*": "masculine noun with 1cs suffix - my people",
"*tišmerēnî*": "Qal imperfect 2ms with 1cs suffix - you keep me",
"*rōʾš*": "masculine noun construct - head of",
"*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations",
"*ʿam*": "masculine noun - people",
"*yādaʿtî*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I knew",
"*yaʿabdunî*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with 1cs suffix - they serve me"
},
"variants": {
"*wattepalleṭēnî*": "delivered me, rescued me, saved me",
"*rîbê*": "disputes, controversies, contentions",
"*tišmerēnî*": "keep me, preserve me, guard me",
"*rōʾš*": "head, chief, leader",
"*gôyim*": "nations, peoples, gentiles",
"*yaʿabdunî*": "serve me, obey me, are subject to me"
}
}
45{
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.45",
"source": "בְּנֵ֥י נֵכָ֖ר יִתְכַּֽחֲשׁוּ־לִ֑י לִשְׁמ֥וֹעַ אֹ֖זֶן יִשָּׁ֥מְעוּ לִֽי׃",
"text": "*benê* *nēkār* *yitkaḥăšû*-to me; for *šemôaʿ* *ʾōzen* *yiššāmeʿû* to me.",
"grammar": {
"*benê*": "masculine plural construct of *bēn* - sons of",
"*nēkār*": "masculine noun - foreignness",
"*yitkaḥăšû*": "Hithpael imperfect 3mp - they submit themselves",
"*šemôaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - hearing",
"*ʾōzen*": "feminine noun - ear",
"*yiššāmeʿû*": "Niphal imperfect 3mp - they obey"
},
"variants": {
"*benê* *nēkār*": "foreigners, strangers, aliens",
"*yitkaḥăšû*": "submit themselves, pretend obedience, cringe",
"*yiššāmeʿû*": "obey, listen, give attention"
}
}