Mark 12:1

Bishops' Bible (1568)

And he beganne to speake vnto them by parables. A certayne man planted a vineyarde, and compassed it about with an hedge, and ordeyned a wynepresse, and built a towre, and let it out vnto husbande men: and went into a straunge countrey.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ ἤρξατο αὐτοῖς ἐν παραβολαῖς λέγεῖν. Ἀμπελῶνα ἐφύτευσεν ἄνθρωπος, καὶ περιέθηκεν φραγμόν, καὶ ὤρυξεν ὑπολήνιον, καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν πύργον, καὶ ἐξέδοτο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς, καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν.

Transliteration

And he ērxato to-them in parabolais legein. Ampelōna ephyteusen anthrōpos, and periethēken phragmon, and ōryxen hypolēnion, and ōkodomēsen pyrgon, and exedoto it to-geōrgois, and apedēmēsen.

Grammar Details

• *ērxato*: aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - began
• *parabolais*: dative plural feminine - parables
• *legein*: present active infinitive - to speak/say
• *Ampelōna*: accusative singular masculine - vineyard
• *ephyteusen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - planted
• *anthrōpos*: nominative singular masculine - man/person
• *periethēken*: aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - placed around
• *phragmon*: accusative singular masculine - fence/hedge
• *ōryxen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - dug
• *hypolēnion*: accusative singular neuter - wine vat/pit under the winepress
• *ōkodomēsen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - built
• *pyrgon*: accusative singular masculine - tower
• *exedoto*: aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - gave out/leased
• *geōrgois*: dative plural masculine - farmers/vinedressers
• *apedēmēsen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - went away/traveled abroad

Word Meanings

• *ērxato*: began/started
• *parabolais*: parables/analogies/comparisons
• *legein*: to speak/to say/to tell
• *ampelōna*: vineyard/vine-field
• *ephyteusen*: planted/established
• *anthrōpos*: man/human/person
• *periethēken*: placed around/set around/surrounded with
• *phragmon*: fence/hedge/wall
• *ōryxen*: dug/excavated
• *hypolēnion*: wine vat/pit under the winepress
• *ōkodomēsen*: built/constructed
• *pyrgon*: tower/watchtower
• *exedoto*: leased/rented out/gave out
• *geōrgois*: farmers/vinedressers/agricultural workers
• *apedēmēsen*: went away/traveled abroad/left the country

Referenced Verses

• Isa 5:1-4 : 1 Nowe wyll I syng my beloued friende, a song of my friende touching his vineyard: My beloued friende hath a vineyarde in a very fruiteful plenteous grounde. 2 This he hedged, and gathered out the stones from it, and planted it with the choysest vine: In the middest of it builded he a towre, also made a wine presse therin: and he loked that it shoulde bring him grapes, and it brought foorth wylde grapes. 3 Nowe O citezen of Hierusalem, and man of Iuda, iudge I pray thee betwixt me and my vineyarde: 4 What more coulde haue ben done for it, that I haue not done? Wherfore then hath it geuen wylde grapes, where I loked to haue had grapes of it?
• Ps 80:8-9 : 8 Thou dydst translate a vine out of Egypt: thou didst cast out the Heathen, and planted it. 9 Thou madst roome before it: thou causedst it to take roote, and it hath filled the lande. 10 The hilles were couered with her shadowe: and goodly high Cedar trees with her bowes. 11 She stretched out her braunches vnto the sea: and her bowes vnto the riuer. 12 Why hast thou then broken downe her hedge: that all they whiche go by plucke of her grapes? 13 The wylde bore out of the wood rooteth it vp: and the wylde beast of the fielde deuoureth it. 14 Turne thee agayne thou God of hoastes I pray thee: loke downe from heauen, beholde and visite this vine 15 and vineyarde that thy ryght hande hath planted, and the young braunche which thou hast fortified for thy selfe. 16 It is brent with fire and cut downe: they shall perishe at the rebuke of thy countenaunce.
• Matt 25:14 : 14 Lykewyse, as a certayne man, redy to take his iourney into a straunge countrey, called his owne seruauntes, and delyuered vnto them his goodes.
• Mark 4:2 : 2 And he taught them many thinges by parables, and sayde vnto them in his doctrine.
• Mark 4:11-13 : 11 And he sayde vnto them: To you it is geuen to knowe the misterie of the kingdome of God: But vnto them that are without, all thynges are done by parables, 12 That when they see, they may see and not discerne: and whe they heare, they may heare and not vnderstande, lest at any tyme, they shoulde turne, and their sinnes shoulde be forgeuen them. 13 And he sayde vnto them: Knowe ye not this parable? And howe then wyll ye knowe all other parables?
• Mark 4:33-34 : 33 And with many such parables preached he the worde vnto them, as they were able to heare it. 34 But without parable spake he nothing vnto them. But when they were alone, he expounded all thynges to his disciples.
• Mark 13:34 : 34 As a man which is gone into a straunge countrey, and hath left his house, and geuen auctoritie to his seruauntes, and to euery man his worke, and commaunded the porter to watche:
• Song 8:11-12 : 11 Solomon hath a vineyarde at BaalHamon: and this vineyarde deliuered he vnto the kepers, that euery one for the fruite therof shoulde geue hym a thousande peeces of siluer. 12 My vineyarde which is myne, is in my syght: thou (O Solomon) must haue a thousande, and the kepers two hundred, which kepe the fruite.
• Luke 8:10 : 10 And he sayde, Unto you it is geuen to knowe the secretes of the kyngdome of God: but to other by parables, that when they see, they shoulde not see, and when they heare, they shoulde not vnderstande.
• Luke 13:6-9 : 6 He tolde also this similitude. A certaine man had a figge tree planted in his vineyarde, and he came, and sought fruite theron, and founde none. 7 Then sayde he to the dresser of his vineyarde: Beholde, this three yere I haue come & sought fruite in this figge tree, and finde none: cut it downe, why cumbreth it the grounde? 8 And he aunswered, & sayde vnto him: Lorde, let it alone this yere also, tyll I dygge rounde about it, & dongue it. 9 And yf it beare fruite thou mayest let it alone: and yf it beare not then, after that shalt thou cut it downe.
• Luke 15:13 : 13 And not long after, when the younger sonne had gathered all that he had together, he toke his iourney into a farre countrey, and there wasted his goodes with riotous lyuyng.
• Luke 19:12 : 12 He sayde therfore: A certayne noble man went into a farre countrey, to receaue for hym selfe a kyngdome, and to come agayne.
• Luke 20:9-9 : 9 Then began he to put foorth to the people this parable. A certayne man planted a vineyarde, and let it foorth to husbande men, and went hym selfe into a straunge countrey for a great season. 10 And when the time was come, he sent a seruaunt to the husbande men, that they shoulde geue hym of the fruite of the vineyarde. And they beat hym, and sent hym away emptie. 11 And agayne, he sent yet another seruaunt: and hym they did beate, and entreated hym shamefully, and sent hym away emptie. 12 Agayne, he sent the thirde also: and hym they wounded, and cast hym out. 13 Then said the Lord of the vineyarde: What shal I do? I wyl send my deare sonne, it may be they wyll reuerence hym, when they see hym. 14 But when the husbande men sawe him, they reasoned within them selues, saying: This is the heyre, come, let vs kyll hym, that the inheritaunce may be ours. 15 And they cast him out of the vineyard, and kylled hym. What shall the Lorde of the vineyarde therfore do vnto them? 16 He shall come and destroye these husbande men, & shall let out his vineyarde to other. When they hearde this, they sayde, God forbyd. 17 And he behelde them, & sayde: What is this then that is written, The stone that the buylders refused, the same is become the head of the corner. 18 Whosoeuer doth stumble vppon that stone, shalbe broken: but on whosoeuer it falleth, it wyll grinde hym to powder. 19 And the hye priestes & the scribes, the same houre went about to laye handes on hym: and they feared the people. For they perceaued that he had spoken this similitude agaynst them.
• Luke 22:9 : 9 They sayde vnto hym: Where wylt thou that we prepare?
• John 15:1-8 : 1 I am the true vine, and my father is the husbandman. 2 Euery braunche that beareth not fruite in me, he will take away: And euery braunche that beareth fruite wyll he pourge, that it may bryng foorth more fruite. 3 Nowe are ye cleane through the worde which I haue spoken vnto you. 4 Byde in me, and I in you. As the braunche can not beare fruite of it selfe, except it byde in the vine: no more can ye, except ye abyde in me. 5 I am the vine, ye are the braunches. He that abydeth in me, and I in hym, the same bryngeth foorth much fruite: For without me can ye do nothyng. 6 Yf a man byde not in me, he is cast foorth as a braunch, and withereth, and men gather them, and cast them into the fyre, and they burne. 7 Yf ye byde in me, and my wordes abyde in you, aske what ye wyll, and it shalbe done for you. 8 Herein is my father glorified: that ye beare much fruite, and become my disciples.
• Acts 7:38 : 38 This is he that was in the Churche in ye wyldernesse with the angel, which spake to hym in the mount Sinai, and with our fathers: This man receaued the worde of lyfe to geue vnto vs.
• Acts 7:46-47 : 46 Which founde fauour before God, and woulde fayne haue founde a tabernacle for the God of Iacob. 47 But Solomon buylt hym an house.
• Rom 3:1-2 : 1 What preferment then hath ye Iew? or what auauntageth circumcision? 2 Much euery way. First, for because yt vnto them were committed ye wordes of God.
• Rom 9:4-5 : 4 Which are the Israelites: To whom pertayneth the adoption, and the glory, & the couenauntes, and the lawe that was geuen, and the seruice of God, and the promises. 5 Of whom are the fathers, of whom as concernyng the fleshe, Christe came, which is God, in all thynges to be praysed for euer. Amen.
• Rom 11:17-24 : 17 And yf some of the brauches be broken of, and thou beyng a wylde Oliue tree, wast graft in among them, & made partaker of the roote and fatnesse of the Oliue tree: 18 Boast not thy selfe agaynst the braunches. For yf thou boast thy selfe, thou bearest not the roote, but the roote thee. 19 Thou wylt say then, the braunches are broken of, that I might be graft in. 20 Well: because of vnbeliefe, they were broken of, and thou stodest stedfast in fayth. Be not hye mynded, but feare. 21 For seyng that God spared not the naturall braunches take heede lest it come to passe, that he spare not thee. 22 Beholde therfore, the kyndnesse and rigorousnesse of God: on them which fell, rigorousnesse: but towardes thee, kyndnesse, if thou continue in kindnesse, or els thou shalt be hewen of: 23 And they, yf they byde not styll in vnbeliefe, shalbe graffed in: For God is of power to graffe them in agayne. 24 For yf thou were cut out of a naturall wylde Oliue tree, and were graffed contrary to nature, in a true Oliue tree: Howe much more shall the naturall braunches, be graffed in their owne Oliue tree?
• Mark 12:1-9 : 1 And he beganne to speake vnto them by parables. A certayne man planted a vineyarde, and compassed it about with an hedge, and ordeyned a wynepresse, and built a towre, and let it out vnto husbande men: and went into a straunge countrey. 2 And when the tyme was come, he sent to the husbande men a seruaunt, that he myght receaue of the husbandmen, of the fruite of the vineyarde. 3 And they caught hym, and beat hym, and sent hym away emptie. 4 And moreouer, he sent vnto them another seruaunt: and at hym they cast stones, and brake his head, and sent him away agayne, all to reuiled. 5 And agayne, he sent another, and hym they kylled: and many other, beatyng some, and kyllyng some. 6 And so, when he had yet but one beloued sonne, he sent hym also at the last vnto them, saying: they wyll stande in awe of my sonne. 7 But the husbandmen saide amongest them selues: this is the heyre, come, let vs kyll him, and the inheritaunce shalbe ours. 8 And they toke hym, and kylled hym, and cast hym out of the vineyarde. 9 What shall therfore, the Lorde of the vineyarde do? He shal come, and destroy the husbandmen, and wyll geue the vineyarde vnto other. 10 Haue ye not read this Scripture? The stone which the builders dyd refuse, is become the chiefe stone of the corner: 11 This is the Lordes doyng, and it is marueylous in our eyes. 12 They went about also to take hym, and feared the people: For they knewe, that he had spoken the parable agaynst them. And they left hym, and went their way.
• Ps 147:19-20 : 19 He declareth his worde vnto Iacob: his statutes & ordinaunces vnto Israel. 20 He hath not dealt so with euery nation: neither haue they the knowledge of his iudgementes. Prayse ye the Lorde.
• Neh 9:13-14 : 13 Thou camest downe also vpon mount Sinai, and speakest vnto them from heauen, and gauest them right iudgementes, true lawes, good commaundementes and statutes: 14 And declaredst vnto them thy holy Sabbath, and commaundedst them preceptes, ordinaunces, and lawes, by the hande of Moyses thy seruaunt:
• Ps 78:68-69 : 68 But he chose the tribe of Iuda: euen the hill of Sion which he loued. 69 And there he buylded his temple on high: and layde the foundation of it like a grounde euer to continue.
• Isa 7:23 : 23 At the same time al vineyardes wherin there shalbe a thousand vines worth a thousande siluerlinges, shalbe turned to bryers and thornes.
• Jer 2:21 : 21 Wheras I planted thee a noble vine, and wholly a right seede: howe art thou turned then into a bitter vnfruitfull and straunge grape?
• Ezek 20:11-12 : 11 I gaue them my statutes, and shewed them my iudgementes: which whoso doeth, shall lyue in them. 12 I gaue them also my Sabbath dayes to be a token betwixt me and them, and therby to knowe that I am the Lorde which halowe them.
• Ezek 20:18-20 : 18 Moreouer, I sayde vnto their sonnes in the wildernesse, Walke not in the statutes of your fathers, kepe not their iudgementes, and defile not your selues with their idols. 19 I am the Lord your God, walke in my statutes, kepe my iudgementes, & do the. 20 Halowe my Sabbathes, for they are a token betwixt me and you: that ye may knowe howe that I am the Lord your God.
• Ezek 20:49 : 49 Then sayde I, Ah Lorde God, they say of me, Doth not he speake parables?
• Matt 13:10-15 : 10 And the disciples came, and sayde vnto hym: Why speakest thou to them by parables? 11 He aunswered and sayde vnto them: because it is geuen vnto you, to knowe the secretes of the kyngdome of heauen, but to them, it is not geuen. 12 For whosoeuer hath, to hym shalbe geuen, and he shall haue more aboundaunce: But whosoeuer hath not, from hym shalbe taken away, euen that he hath. 13 Therfore speake I to them in parables: because they seeyng, see not: and hearyng, they heare not: neither do they vnderstande. 14 And in them is fulfylled the prophesie of Esaias, saying: by hearyng ye shall heare, and shall not vnderstande, and seeyng, ye shall see, & shall not perceaue. 15 For this peoples heart is waxed grosse, and their eares are dull of hearyng, and their eyes haue they closed: lest at any tyme they shoulde see with their eyes, and heare with their eares, and shoulde vnderstande with their heart, & shoulde conuert, that I myght heale them.
• Matt 13:34-35 : 34 All these thynges spake Iesus vnto the people in parables: and without a parable spake he not vnto them. 35 That it myght be fulfylled, which was spoken by the prophete, that sayth: I wyll open my mouth in parables, I wyll speake foorth thynges which haue ben kept secrete from the foundation of the worlde.
• Matt 21:28-22:14 : 28 But what thynke you? A man had two sonnes, and came to the firste, and saide: sonne, go and worke to day in my vineyarde. 29 He aunswered and saide, I wyll not: but afterwarde he repented, and went. 30 Then came he to the seconde, & sayde lykewyse. And he aunswered & saide, I wyll sir, and went not. 31 Whether of them twayne did the wyl of the father? And they saide vnto him, the first. Iesus sayth vnto them: Ueryly I saye vnto you, that publicanes & harlottes go into the kingdome of God, before you. 32 For Iohn came vnto you by the way of righteousnes, & ye beleued hym not: but publicanes & harlottes beleued him. And ye, when ye had sene it were not moued afterwarde with repentaunce, that ye myght haue beleued hym. 33 Hearken another similitude. There was a certayne man, an householder, which made a vineyarde, & hedged it rounde about, and made a wynepresse in it, and buylt a towre, and let it out to husbande men: and went into a strange countrey. 34 And when the time of the fruite drewe neare, he sent his seruauntes to the husbande men, that they might receaue the fruites of it. 35 And the husbande men caught his seruauntes, and beatte one, killed another, and stoned another. 36 Agayne, he sent other seruauntes, mo then the first: and they dyd vnto them lykewyse. 37 But laste of all, he sent vnto them his owne sonne, saying: they wyll stande in awe of my sonne. 38 But when the husband men sawe the sonne, they sayde among them selues: this is the heire, come, let vs kyll hym, and let vs enioy his inheritaunce. 39 And they caught hym, and thrust him out of the vineyarde, and slewe hym. 40 When the Lorde therfore of the vineyarde commeth, what wyll he do vnto those husbande men? 41 They sayde vnto hym: He wyll miserably destroy those wicked men & wyll let out his vineyard vnto other husband men, which shall delyuer him the fruite in due seasons. 42 Iesus sayth vnto them. Did ye neuer reade in the Scriptures: The stone which the buylders refused, the same is become the head of the corner. This is the Lordes doing, and it is marueylous in our eyes. 43 Therefore saye I vnto you, the kyngdome of God shalbe taken from you, & geuen to a nation bryngyng foorth the fruites therof. 44 And whosoeuer falleth on this stone, shalbe broken in peeces: but on whomsoeuer it falleth, it shal all to grynd him. 45 And when the chiefe priestes and pharisees had heard his parables, they perceaued that he spake of them. 46 And they went about to laye handes on hym, but they feared the multitudes, because they toke him as a prophet. 1 And Iesus aunswered, and spake vnto them againe by parables, and sayde: 2 The kyngdome of heauen is lyke vnto a man that was a kyng, which made a mariage for his sonne. 3 And sent foorth his seruauntes, to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they woulde not come. 4 Agayne, he sent foorth other seruauntes, saying: Tell them which are bidden, beholde, I haue prepared my dinner, my oxen and my fatlynges are kylled, and all thynges are redy: come vnto the mariage. 5 But they made lyght of it, and went their wayes, one to his farme, another to his marchaundize: 6 And the remnaunt toke his seruauntes, and entreated them spitefully, and slewe them. 7 But when the kyng hearde therof, he was wroth, and sent foorth his men of warre, and destroyed those murtherers and brent vp their citie. 8 Then sayde he to his seruauntes, the mariage in dede is prepared: But they which were bidden, were not worthy. 9 Go ye therfore out into the hye wayes: and as many as ye fynde, bid them to the mariage. 10 And the seruauntes went out into the hye wayes, and gathered together all, as many as they coulde fynde, both good and bad: and the weddyng was furnished with ghestes. 11 Then the kyng came in, to see the ghestes: and whe he spyed there a man, which had not on a weddyng garmet, 12 He sayde vnto hym: frende, howe camest thou in hyther, not hauyng a weddyng garment? And he was euen speachlesse. 13 Then sayde the kyng to the ministers: bynde hym hande and foote, and cast hym into vtter darknesse: there shalbe wepyng and gnasshyng of teeth. 14 For many be called, but fewe are chosen.