1 Samuel 7:6

Geneva Bible (1560)

And they gathered together to Mizpeh, and drewe water and powred it out before the Lord, and fasted the same day, and sayd there, We haue sinned against the Lord; Samuel iudged the children of Israel in Mizpeh.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּקָּבְצ֣וּ הַ֠מִּצְפָּתָה וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־מַ֜יִם וֽ͏ַיִּשְׁפְּכ֣וּ ׀ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּצ֙וּמוּ֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ שָׁ֔ם חָטָ֖אנוּ לַיהוָ֑ה וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֧ט שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּמִּצְפָּֽה׃

Transliteration

And wayyiqqābṣû the-miṣpātâ and wayyišʾăbû-water and wayyišpĕkû before YHWH and wayyāṣûmû in-the-day the-that and wayyōʾmĕrû there ḥāṭāʾnû to-YHWH and wayyišpōṭ šĕmûʾēl ʾet-sons of yiśrāʾēl in-the-miṣpâ.

Grammar Details

• *wayyiqqābṣû*: waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they gathered themselves
• *wayyišʾăbû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they drew
• *wayyišpĕkû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they poured out
• *wayyāṣûmû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they fasted
• *wayyōʾmĕrû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said
• *ḥāṭāʾnû*: Qal perfect 1st person plural - we have sinned
• *wayyišpōṭ*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he judged

Word Meanings

• *wayyiqqābṣû*: gathered themselves/assembled/came together
• *wayyišʾăbû*: drew/pumped/fetched
• *wayyišpĕkû*: poured out/spilled/shed
• *wayyāṣûmû*: fasted/abstained from food
• *ḥāṭāʾnû*: we have sinned/we have missed the mark/we have transgressed
• *wayyišpōṭ*: judged/governed/vindicated/decided for

Referenced Verses

• Judg 10:10 : 10 Then the children of Israel cryed vnto the Lorde, saying, We haue sinned against thee, euen because we haue forsaken our owne God, and haue serued Baalim.
• 1 Sam 1:15 : 15 Then Hannah answered and sayd, Nay my lord, but I am a woman troubled in spirit: I haue drunke neither wine nor strong drinke, but haue powred out my soule before the Lord.
• 2 Sam 14:14 : 14 For we must needes dye, and we are as water spilt on the ground, which cannot be gathered vp againe: neither doeth God spare any person, yet doeth he appoynt meanes, not to cast out from him, him that is expelled.
• Ps 106:6 : 6 We haue sinned with our fathers: we haue committed iniquitie, and done wickedly.
• Lam 2:18-19 : 18 Their heart cryed vnto the Lord, O wall of the daughter Zion, let teares runne downe like a riuer, day and night: take thee no rest, neither let the apple of thine eye cease. 19 Arise, cry in the night: in the beginning of the watches powre out thine heart like water before the face of the Lord: lift vp thine handes towarde him for the life of thy yong children, that faint for hunger in the corners of all the streetes.
• Joel 2:12 : 12 Therefore also now the Lord sayth, Turne you vnto me with all your heart, & with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning,
• Ps 62:8 : 8 Trust in him alway, ye people: powre out your hearts before him, for God is our hope. Selah.
• Luke 15:18 : 18 I wil rise and goe to my father, and say vnto him, Father, I haue sinned against heaue, and before thee,
• 1 Kgs 8:47 : 47 Yet if they turne againe vnto their heart in the lande (to the which they be caryed away captiues) and returne and pray vnto thee in the lande of them that caryed them away captiues, saying, We haue sinned, we haue transgressed, and done wickedly,
• 2 Chr 20:3 : 3 And Iehoshaphat feared, and set him selfe to seeke the Lord, & proclaimed a fast throughout all Iudah.
• Ezra 8:21-23 : 21 And there at the Riuer, by Ahaua, I proclaimed a fast, that we might humble our selues before our God, and seeke of him a right way for vs, & for our children, and for all our substance. 22 For I was ashamed to require of the King an armie and horsemen, to helpe vs against the enemie in the way, because we had spoken to the King, saying, The hande of our God is vpon all them that seeke him in goodnesse, but his power & his wrath is against all them that forsake him. 23 So we fasted, aud besought our God for this: and he was intreated of vs.
• Ezra 9:5-9 : 5 And at the euening sacrifice I arose vp fro mine heauinesse, and when I had rent my clothes and my garment, I fell vpon my knees, and spred out mine hands vnto the Lord my God, 6 And said, O my God, I am confounded & ashamed, to lift vp mine eyes vnto thee my God: for our iniquities are increased ouer our head, & our trespasse is growen vp vnto the heauen. 7 From the dayes of our fathers haue we bin in a great trespasse vnto this day, and for our iniquities haue we, our Kings, & our Priestes bene deliuered into the hand of the kings of the lands, vnto the sword, into captiuitie, into a spoyle, and into confusion of face, as appeareth this day. 8 And now for a litle space grace hath bene shewed from the Lord our God, in causing a remnant to escape, & in giuing vs a nayle in his holy place, that our God may light our eyes, & giue vs a litle reuiuing in our seruitude. 9 For though we were bondmen, yet our God hath not forsaken vs in our bondage, but hath enclined mercy vnto vs in the sight of the Kings of Persia, to giue vs life, & to erect the house of our God, & to redresse the places thereof, and to giue vs a wall in Iudah and in Ierusalem. 10 And nowe, our God, what shal we say after this? for we haue forsaken thy commandements,
• Neh 9:1-3 : 1 In the foure and twentieth day of this moneth the children of Israel were assembled with fasting, and with sackecloth, and earth vpon them. 2 (And they that were of the seede of Israel were separated from all the strangers) and they stoode and confessed their sinnes and the iniquities of their fathers. 3 And they stood vp in their place and read in the booke of the Lawe of the Lord their GOD foure times on the day, and they confessed and worshipped the Lord their God foure times.
• Neh 9:27 : 27 Therefore thou deliueredst them into the hande of their enemies that vexed them: yet in the time of their affliction, when they cryed vnto thee, thou heardest them from the heauen, & through thy great mercies thou gauest them sauiours, who saued them out of the hande of their aduersaries.
• Job 16:20 : 20 My friends speake eloquently against me: but mine eye powreth out teares vnto God.
• Job 33:27 : 27 He looketh vpon men, and if one say, I haue sinned, and peruerted righteousnesse, and it did not profite me,
• Job 40:4 : 4 (39:37) Beholde, I am vile: what shall I answere thee? I will lay mine hand vpon my mouth.
• Job 42:6 : 6 Therefore I abhorre my selfe, and repent in dust and ashes.
• Ps 6:6 : 6 I fainted in my mourning: I cause my bed euery night to swimme, and water my couch with my teares.
• Ps 38:3-8 : 3 There is nothing sound in my flesh, because of thine anger: neither is there rest in my bones because of my sinne. 4 For mine iniquities are gone ouer mine head, and as a weightie burden they are too heauie for me. 5 My woundes are putrified, and corrupt because of my foolishnes. 6 I am bowed, and crooked very sore: I goe mourning all the day. 7 For my reines are full of burning, and there is nothing sound in my flesh. 8 I am weakened and sore broken: I roare for the very griefe of mine heart.
• Ps 42:3 : 3 My teares haue bin my meate day & night, while they dayly say vnto me, Where is thy God?
• Jonah 3:1-9 : 1 And the worde of the Lorde came vnto Ionah the seconde time, saying, 2 Arise, goe vnto Nineueh that great citie, & preach vnto it the preaching, which I bid thee. 3 So Ionah arose & went to Nineueh according to ye word of the Lord: now Nineueh was a great & excellent citie of three dayes iourney. 4 And Ionah began to enter into the citie a dayes iourney, and he cryed, and said, Yet fourtie dayes, and Nineueh shalbe ouerthrowen. 5 So the people of Nineueh beleeued God, and proclaimed a fast, and put on sackcloth from ye greatest of the euen to the least of them. 6 For worde came vnto the King of Nineueh, and he rose from his throne, and he layed his robe from him, and couered him with sackecloth, and sate in ashes. 7 And he proclaimed & said through Nineueh, (by the counsell of ye king & his nobles) saying, Let neither ma, nor beast, bullock nor sheep taste any thing, neither feed nor drinke water. 8 But let man and beast put on sackecloth, and crie mightily vnto God: yea, let euery man turne from his euill way, and from the wickednesse that is in their handes. 9 Who can tell if God will turne, and repent and turne away from his fierce wrath, that we perish not? 10 And God sawe their workes that they turned from their euill wayes: and God repented of the euill that he had said that he woulde doe vnto them, and he did it not.
• Lev 26:40 : 40 Then they shall confesse their iniquitie, & the wickednes of their fathers for their trespasse, which they haue trespassed against mee, and also because they haue walked stubburnly against me.
• Judg 3:10 : 10 And the spirite of the Lorde came vpon him, and he iudged Israel, & went out to warre: and the Lord deliuered Chushan rishathaim king of Aram into his hand, and his hand preuailed against Chushan rishathaim.
• Lam 3:49 : 49 Mine eye droppeth without stay and ceaseth not,
• Ezek 20:4 : 4 Wilt thou iudge them, sonne of man? Wilt thou iudge them? cause them to vnderstand the abominations of their fathers,
• Dan 9:3-5 : 3 And I turned my face vnto the Lord God, and sought by prayer and supplications with fasting and sackcloth and ashes. 4 And I prayed vnto the Lord my God, and made my confession, saying, Oh Lord God, which art great and fearefull, & keepest couenant and mercy toward them which loue thee, and toward them that keepe thy commandements, 5 We haue sinned, and haue committed iniquitie and haue done wickedly, yea, we haue rebelled, and haue departed from thy precepts, and from thy iudgements.
• Ps 119:136 : 136 Mine eyes gush out with riuers of water, because they keepe not thy Lawe.
• Jer 3:13-14 : 13 But knowe thine iniquitie: for thou hast rebelled against the Lord thy God, & hast scattered thy waies to the straunge gods vnder euery greene tree, but yee woulde not obey my voyce, sayeth the Lord. 14 O yee disobedient children, turne againe, sayeth the Lorde, for I am your Lorde, and I will take you one of a citie, and two of a tribe and wil bring you to Zion,
• Jer 9:1 : 1 Oh, that mine head were full of water and mine eyes a fountaine of teares, that I might weepe day and night for the slayne of the daughter of my people.
• Jer 31:19 : 19 Surely after that I conuerted, I repented: and after that I was instructed, I smote vpon my thigh: I was ashamed, yea, euen confounded, because I did beare the reproch of my youth.
• Lam 2:11 : 11 Mine eyes doe saile with teares: my bowels swell: my liuer is powred vpon the earth, for the destructio of the daughter of my people, because the children and sucklings swoone in the streetes of the citie.