Exodus 20:5

Geneva Bible (1560)

Thou shalt not bowe downe to them, neither serue them: for I am the Lord thy God, a ielous God, visiting the iniquitie of the fathers vpon the children, vpon the third generation and vpon the fourth of them that hate me:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣ה לָהֶ֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י אֽ͏ָנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָבֹ֧ת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י׃

Transliteration

lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh lāhem wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm kî ʾānōḵî YHWH ʾĕlōheḵā ʾēl qannāʾ pōqēḏ ʿăwōn ʾāḇōṯ ʿal-bānîm ʿal-shillēshîm wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm lə-śōnəʾāy

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh*: negative particle + hishtaphel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not bow down
• *lāhem*: preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them
• *wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*: conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you shall not serve them
• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *ʾānōḵî*: 1st person singular pronoun - I
• *YHWH*: proper name - LORD/YHWH
• *ʾĕlōheḵā*: masculine plural noun construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God
• *ʾēl qannāʾ*: masculine singular noun + adjective - jealous God
• *pōqēḏ*: qal participle, masculine singular - visiting/punishing
• *ʿăwōn*: masculine singular construct - iniquity of
• *ʾāḇōṯ*: masculine plural noun - fathers
• *ʿal-bānîm*: preposition + masculine plural noun - upon children
• *ʿal-shillēshîm*: preposition + masculine plural ordinal - upon third [generation]
• *wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm*: conjunction + preposition + masculine plural ordinal - and upon fourth [generation]
• *lə-śōnəʾāy*: preposition + qal participle plural construct with 1st singular suffix - to those hating me

Word Meanings

• *ṯishtaḥăweh*: bow down/prostrate yourself/worship
• *ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*: serve them/worship them/be enslaved to them
• *ʾēl qannāʾ*: jealous God/zealous God/passionate God
• *pōqēḏ*: visiting/punishing/attending to
• *ʿăwōn*: iniquity/guilt/punishment
• *lə-śōnəʾāy*: to those who hate me/to my enemies

Referenced Verses

• Num 14:18 : 18 The Lord is slowe to anger, and of great mercie, and forgiuing iniquitie, and sinne, but not making the wicked innocent, and visiting the wickednes of the fathers vpon the children, in the thirde and fourth generation:
• Exod 34:14 : 14 (For thou shalt bow downe to none other god, because the Lord, whose Name is Ielous, is a ielous God)
• Nah 1:2 : 2 God is ielous, & the Lord reuengeth: the Lord reuengeth: euen the Lorde of anger, the Lorde will take vengeance on his aduersaries, & he reserueth wrath for his enemies.
• Jer 32:18 : 18 Thou shewest mercie vnto thousands, and recompensest the iniquitie of the fathers into the bosome of their children after them: O God the great & mightie, whose Name is ye Lord of hostes,
• Deut 4:24 : 24 For the Lorde thy God is a consuming fire, and a ielous God.
• Deut 5:9 : 9 Thou shalt neither bowe thy selfe vnto them, nor serue them: for I the Lord thy God am a ielous God, visiting the iniquitie of the fathers vpon the children, euen vnto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me:
• Deut 6:15 : 15 (For the Lorde thy God is a ielous God among you:) least the wrath of the Lord thy God be kindled against thee, and destroy thee from the face of the earth.
• Josh 23:7 : 7 Neither companie with these nations: that is, with them which are left with you, neither make mention of the name of their gods, nor cause to sweare by them, neither serue them nor bowe vnto them:
• Exod 23:24 : 24 Thou shalt not bow downe to their gods, neither serue them, nor doe after the workes of them: but vtterly ouerthrowe them, and breake in pieces their images.
• Num 14:33 : 33 And your children shall wander in the wildernesse, fourtie yeeres, and shall beare your whoredomes, vntill your carkeises be wasted in the wildernesse.
• Josh 24:19 : 19 And Ioshua saide vnto the people, Ye can not serue the Lorde: for he is an holie God: he is a ielous God: hee will not pardon your iniquitie nor your sinnes.
• Ps 79:8 : 8 Remember not against vs the former iniquities, but make haste and let thy tender mercies preuent vs: for we are in great miserie.
• Ps 109:14 : 14 Let the iniquitie of his fathers bee had in remembrance with the Lord: and let not the sinne of his mother be done away.
• Isa 65:6-7 : 6 Beholde, it is written before me: I wil not keepe silence, but will render it and recompense it into their bosome. 7 Your iniquities and the iniquities of your fathers shalbe together (sayth the Lorde) which haue burnt incense vpon the mountaines, & blasphemed me vpon the hilles: therefore wil I measure their olde worke into their bosome.
• Jer 2:9 : 9 Wherefore I wil yet plead with you, saith the Lorde, and I will pleade with your childrens children.
• John 7:7 : 7 The world can not hate you: but me it hateth, because I testifie of it, that the workes thereof are euill.
• John 15:18 : 18 If the worlde hate you, ye knowe that it hated me before you.
• John 15:23-24 : 23 He that hateth me, hateth my Father also. 24 If I had not done workes among them which none other man did, they had not had sinne: but nowe haue they both seene, and haue hated both me, and my Father.
• Rom 1:30 : 30 Backbiters, haters of God, doers of wrong, proude, boasters, inuenters of euil things, disobedient to parents,
• Lev 26:39-40 : 39 And they that are left of you, shall pine away for their iniquitie, in your enemies landes, and for the iniquities of their fathers shall they pine away with them also. 40 Then they shall confesse their iniquitie, & the wickednes of their fathers for their trespasse, which they haue trespassed against mee, and also because they haue walked stubburnly against me.
• Jas 4:4 : 4 Ye adulterers and adulteresses, knowe ye not that the amitie of the world is the enimitie of God? Whosoeuer therefore will be a friend of the world, maketh himselfe the enemie of God.
• Isa 14:20-21 : 20 Thou shalt not be ioyned with them in the graue, because thou hast destroied thine owne lande, and slaine thy people: the seede of the wicked shall not be renoumed for euer. 21 Prepare a slaughter for his children, for the iniquitie of their fathers: let them not rise vp nor possesse the land, nor fil the face of the world with enemies.
• Isa 44:15 : 15 And man burneth thereof: for he will take thereof and warme himselfe: he also kindleth it & baketh bread, yet he maketh a god, & worshippeth it: he maketh it an idole and boweth vnto it.
• Isa 44:19 : 19 And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor vnderstanding to say, I haue burnt halfe of it, euen in the fire, and haue baked bread also vpon the coles thereof: I haue rosted flesh, and eaten it, and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination? shall I bowe to the stocke of a tree?
• Ps 81:15 : 15 The haters of the Lorde should haue bene subiect vnto him, and their time should haue endured for euer.
• Job 5:4 : 4 His children shalbe farre from saluation, and they shall be destroyed in the gate, & none shall deliuer them.
• 2 Kgs 23:26 : 26 Notwithstanding the Lord turned not from the fiercenesse of his great wrath wherewith he was angrie against Iudah, because of all the prouocatios wherwith Manasseh had prouoked him.
• 2 Sam 21:1 : 1 Then there was a famine in the dayes of Dauid, three yeeres together: and Dauid asked counsell of the Lorde, and the Lorde answered, It is for Saul, & for his bloodie house, because hee slewe the Gibeonites.
• 2 Sam 21:6 : 6 Let seuen men of his sonnes be deliuered vnto vs, and we will hang them vp vnto the Lord in Gibeah of Saul, the Lordes chosen; the King said, I will giue them.
• 1 Kgs 21:29 : 29 Seest thou how Ahab is humbled before me? because he submitteth himselfe before me, I will not bring that euill in his dayes, but in his sonnes dayes wil I bring euill vpon his house.
• 2 Kgs 17:35 : 35 And with whom the Lord had made a couenant, and charged them, saying, Feare none other gods, nor bowe your selues to them, nor serue them, nor sacrifice to them:
• Lev 26:1 : 1 Ye shall make you none idoles nor grauen image, neither reare you vp any pillar, neither shal ye set any image of stone in your land to bow downe to it: for I am the Lord your God.
• Deut 32:21 : 21 They haue moued me to ielousie with that which is not God: they haue prouoked me to anger with their vanities: and I will moue them to ielousie with those which are no people: I wil prouoke them to anger with a foolish nation.
• Deut 32:41 : 41 If I whet my glittering sworde, and mine hand take holde on iudgement, I will execute vengeance on mine enemies, and will rewarde them that hate me.
• Josh 23:16 : 16 When ye shall transgresse the couenant of the Lorde your God, which he commaunded you, and shall goe and serue other gods, and bowe your selues to them, then shall the wrath of the Lorde waxe hote against you, and ye shall perish quickely out of the good lande which he hath giuen you.
• Deut 7:10 : 10 And rewardeth them to their face that hate him, to bring them to destruction: he wil not deferre to reward him that hateth him, to his face.
• Lev 26:29 : 29 And ye shall eate ye flesh of your sonnes, & the flesh of your daughters shall ye deuoure.
• Exod 34:6-7 : 6 So the Lord passed before his face, and cried, The Lord, the Lord, strong, mercifull, & gracious, slowe to anger, and abundant in goodnesse and trueth, 7 Reseruing mercy for thousands, forgiuing iniquitie, and transgression and sinne, and not making the wicked innocent, visiting the iniquitie of the fathers vpon ye children, & vpon childrens children, vnto the third and fourth generation.
• Lev 20:5 : 5 Then will I set my face against that man, and against his familie, and will cut him off, and all that go a whoring after him to comit whoredome with Molech, from among their people.
• 2 Kgs 17:41 : 41 So these nations feared the Lord, and serued their images also: so did their children, and their childrens children: as did their fathers, so do they vnto this day.
• 2 Chr 25:14 : 14 Now after that Amaziah was come from the slaughter of the Edomites, he brought the gods of the children of Seir, and set them vp to be his gods, and worshipped them, and burned incense vnto them.
• Judg 2:19 : 19 Yet when the Iudge was dead, they returned, and did worse then their fathers, in following other gods to serue them and worshippe them: they ceased not from their owne inuentions, nor from their rebellious way.
• 1 Sam 15:2-3 : 2 Thus saith the Lorde of hostes, I remember what Amalek did to Israel, howe they laide waite for the in ye way, as they came vp fro Egypt. 3 Nowe therefore goe, and sinite Amalek, and destroy ye all that perteyneth vnto them, & haue no compassion on them, but slay both man and woman, both infant and suckling, both oxe, and sheepe, both camell, and asse.
• Job 21:19 : 19 God wil lay vp the sorowe of the father for his children: when he rewardeth him, hee shall knowe it.
• Ps 78:58 : 58 And they prouoked him to anger with their high places, and mooued him to wrath with their grauen images.
• Prov 6:34-35 : 34 For ielousie is the rage of a man: therefore he will not spare in the day of vengeance. 35 He cannot beare the sight of any raunsome: neither will he consent, though thou augment the giftes.
• Prov 8:36 : 36 But he that sinneth against me, hurteth his owne soule: and all that hate me, loue death.
• Matt 4:9 : 9 And sayd to him, All these will I giue thee, if thou wilt fall downe, and worship me.
• Matt 23:34-36 : 34 Wherefore beholde, I send vnto you Prophets, and wise men, and Scribes, and of them ye shall kill and crucifie: and of them shall ye scourge in your Synagogues, and persecute from citie to citie, 35 That vpon you may come all the righteous blood that was shed vpon the earth, from the blood of Abel the righteous, vnto the blood of Zacharias the sonne of Barachias, whome ye slewe betweene the Temple and the altar. 36 Verely I say vnto you, all these things shall come vpon this generation.
• Rom 8:7 : 7 Because the wisedome of the flesh is enimitie against God: for it is not subiect to the Lawe of God, neither in deede can be.
• 1 Cor 10:22 : 22 Doe we prouoke the Lord to anger? are we stronger then he?
• Ezek 8:3 : 3 And he stretched out the likenes of an had, and tooke me by an hearie locke of mine head, and the Spirit lift me vp betweene the earth, and the heauen, and brought mee by a Diuine vision to Ierusalem, into the entry of ye inner gate that lieth toward the North, where remained the idole of indignation, which prouoked indignation.
• Dan 1:2 : 2 And ye Lord gaue Iehoiakim king of Iudah into his hand; with parte of the vessels of the house of God, which he caryed into the land of Shinar, to the house of his god, and he brought the vessels into his gods treasurie.