2 Kings 17:35

Geneva Bible (1560)

And with whom the Lord had made a couenant, and charged them, saying, Feare none other gods, nor bowe your selues to them, nor serue them, nor sacrifice to them:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּכְרֹ֨ת יְהוָ֤ה אִתָּם֙ בְּרִ֔ית וַיְצַוֵּ֣ם לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א תִֽירְא֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וְלֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲו֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֣א תַעַבְד֔וּם וְלֹ֥א תִזְבְּח֖וּ לָהֶֽם׃

Transliteration

wa-yikrōt YHWH ʾittām bərît wa-yəṣawwēm lēmōr lōʾ tîrəʾû ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm wə-lōʾ-tištaḥăwû lāhem wə-lōʾ taʿabdûm wə-lōʾ tizbəḥû lāhem

Grammar Details

• *wa-yikrōt*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he cut/made
• *YHWH*: divine name - LORD/Yahweh
• *ʾittām*: preposition + 3mp suffix - with them
• *bərît*: feminine singular noun - covenant
• *wa-yəṣawwēm*: conjunction + Piel imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he commanded them
• *lēmōr*: Qal infinitive construct - saying
• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *tîrəʾû*: Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall fear
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: masculine plural noun - gods
• *ʾăḥērîm*: masculine plural adjective - other
• *wə-lōʾ*: conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *tištaḥăwû*: Hishtaphel imperfect 2mp - you shall bow down
• *lāhem*: preposition + 3mp suffix - to them
• *taʿabdûm*: Qal imperfect 2mp + 3mp suffix - you shall serve them
• *tizbəḥû*: Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall sacrifice

Word Meanings

• *wa-yikrōt bərît*: made a covenant/cut a covenant (idiom)
• *tîrəʾû*: fear/revere/worship
• *tištaḥăwû*: bow down to/prostrate before/worship

Referenced Verses

• Judg 6:10 : 10 And I sayde vnto you, I am the Lord your God: feare not the gods of the Amorites in whose lande you dwell: but ye haue not obeyed my voyce.
• Exod 34:12-17 : 12 Take heede to thy selfe, that thou make no compact with ye inhabitantes of the land whither thou goest, least they be the cause of ruine among you: 13 But yee shall ouerthrowe their altars, and breake their images in pieces, & cut downe their groues, 14 (For thou shalt bow downe to none other god, because the Lord, whose Name is Ielous, is a ielous God) 15 Lest thou make a compact with the inhabitantes of the lande, and when they goe a whoring after their gods, and doe sacrifice vnto their gods, some man call thee, & thou eate of his sacrifice: 16 And least thou take of their daughters vnto thy sonnes, and their daughters goe a whoring after their gods, and make thy sonnes goe a whoring after their gods. 17 Thou shalt make thee no gods of metall.
• Deut 4:23-27 : 23 Take heede vnto your selues, least ye forget the couenant of the Lorde your God which hee made with you, and least ye make you any grauen image, or likenes of any thing, as the Lorde thy God hath charged thee. 24 For the Lorde thy God is a consuming fire, and a ielous God. 25 When thou shalt beget children and childrens children, and shalt haue remained long in the land, if ye corrupt your selues, and make any grauen image, or likenes of any thing, and worke euill in the sight of the Lord thy God, to prouoke him to anger, 26 I call heauen and earth to record against you this day, that ye shall shortly perish from the land, whereunto ye goe ouer Iorden to possesse it: ye shall not prolong your dayes therein, but shall vtterly be destroyed. 27 And the Lord shall scatter you among the people, and ye shall be left few in nomber among the nations, whither the Lord shall bring you:
• Exod 20:4-5 : 4 Thou shalt make thee no grauen image, neither any similitude of things that are in heauen aboue, neither that are in the earth beneath, nor that are in the waters vnder the earth. 5 Thou shalt not bowe downe to them, neither serue them: for I am the Lord thy God, a ielous God, visiting the iniquitie of the fathers vpon the children, vpon the third generation and vpon the fourth of them that hate me:
• Josh 23:7 : 7 Neither companie with these nations: that is, with them which are left with you, neither make mention of the name of their gods, nor cause to sweare by them, neither serue them nor bowe vnto them:
• Josh 23:16 : 16 When ye shall transgresse the couenant of the Lorde your God, which he commaunded you, and shall goe and serue other gods, and bowe your selues to them, then shall the wrath of the Lorde waxe hote against you, and ye shall perish quickely out of the good lande which he hath giuen you.
• Exod 24:6-8 : 6 Then Moses tooke halfe of the blood, and put it in basens, and halfe of the blood he sprinckled on the altar. 7 After he tooke the booke of the couenant, and read it in the audience of the people: who said, All that the Lord hath said, we will do, and be obedient. 8 Then Moses tooke the blood, & sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold, the blood of the couenant, which the Lord hath made with you concerning all these things.
• Deut 13:1-9 : 1 If there arise amog you a prophet or a dreamer of dreames, (and giue thee a signe or wonder, 2 And the signe and the wonder, which hee hath tolde thee, come to passe) saying, Let vs go after other gods, which thou hast not knowen, and let vs serue them, 3 Thou shalt not hearken vnto the wordes of the prophet, or vnto that dreamer of dreames: for the Lord your God prooueth you, to knowe whether ye loue the Lord your God with al your heart, and with all your soule. 4 Yee shall walke after the Lorde your God and feare him, and shall keepe his commaundements, and hearken vnto his voyce, and yee shall serue him, and cleaue vnto him. 5 But that prophet, or that dreamer of dreames, he shall be slaine, because hee hath spoken to turne you away from the Lord your God (which brought you out of the lande of Egypt, and deliuered you out of the house of bodage) to thrust thee out of the way, wherein the Lorde thy God commanded thee to walke: so shalt thou take the euill away foorth of the middes of thee. 6 If thy brother, the sonne of thy mother, or thine owne sonne, or thy daughter, or the wife, that lyeth in thy bosome, or thy friend, which is as thine owne soule, intice thee secretly, saying, Let vs goe and serue other gods, (which thou hast not knowen, thou, I say, nor thy fathers) 7 Any of the gods of the people which are round about you, neere vnto thee or farre off from thee, from the one ende of the earth vnto ye other: 8 Thou shalt not cosent vnto him, nor heare him, neither shall thine eye pitie him, nor shewe mercie, nor keepe him secret: 9 But thou shalt euen kill him: thine hand shall be first vpon him to put him to death, and then the handes of all the people. 10 And thou shalt stone him with stones, that he dye (because he hath gone about to thrust thee away from the Lord thy God, which brought thee out of ye land of Egypt, from ye house of bondage) 11 That all Israel may heare and feare, and doe no more any such wickednesse as this among you. 12 If thou shalt heare say (concerning any of thy cities which the Lord thy God hath giuen thee to dwell in) 13 Wicked men are gone out from among you, & haue drawen away the inhabitants of their citie, saying, Let vs go and serue other gods, which ye haue not knowen, 14 Then thou shalt seeke, and make searche and enquire diligently: and if it be true, and the thing certaine, that such abomination is wrought among you, 15 Thou shalt euen slay the inhabitants of that citie with the edge of the sworde: destroy it vtterly, and all that is therein, and the cattel thereof with the edge of the sworde. 16 And thou shalt gather all the spoyle of it into the middes of the streete thereof, and burne with fire the citie and all the spoyle thereof euery whit, vnto the Lorde thy God: and it shall be an heape for euer: it shall not be built againe. 17 And there shall cleaue nothing of ye damned thing to thine hand, that the Lord may turne from the fiercenes of his wrath, and shewe thee mercie, and haue compassion on thee and multiplie thee, as he hath sworne vnto thy fathers: 18 When thou shalt obey the voyce of the Lord thy God, and keepe all his commandements which I command thee this day, that thou do that which is right in the eyes of the Lord thy God.
• Deut 29:10-15 : 10 Ye stand this day euery one of you before the Lord your God: your heads of your tribes, your Elders & your officers, eue al ye me of Israel: 11 Your children, your wiues, and thy stranger that is in thy campe from the hewer of thy wood, vnto the drawer of thy water, 12 That thou shouldest passe into the couenant of the Lord thy God, & into his othe which the Lord thy God maketh with thee this day, 13 For to establish thee this day a people vnto him selfe, and that he may be vnto thee a God, as he hath said vnto thee, and as he hath sworne vnto thy fathers, Abraham, Izhak, and Iaakob. 14 Neither make I this couenant, & this othe with you onely, 15 But aswel with him that standeth here with vs this day before the Lord our God, as with him that is not here with vs this day.
• 2 Kgs 17:15 : 15 And they refused his statutes and his couenant, that he made with their fathers, & his testimonies (wherewith he witnessed vnto them) and they followed vanitie, and became vaine, and followed the heathen that were round about them: concerning whome the Lord had charged them, that they should not do like them.
• Jer 10:5 : 5 The idoles stande vp as the palme tree, but speake not: they are borne because they cannot go feare them not, for they cannot do euill, neither can they do good.
• Jer 31:31-34 : 31 Beholde, the dayes come, saith the Lord, that I will make a new couenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Iudah, 32 Not according to ye couenant that I made with their fathers, when I tooke them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, the which my couenant they brake, although I was an husband vnto them, saith the Lord. 33 But this shall be the couenant that I will make with the house of Israel, After those dayes, saith the Lord, I will put my Lawe in their inward partes, and write it in their hearts, and wil be their God, and they shalbe my people. 34 And they shall teach no more euery man his neighbour and euery man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for they shall all know me from the least of them vnto the greatest of them, saith the Lord: for I wil forgiue their iniquitie, and will remember their sinnes no more.
• Heb 8:6-9 : 6 But nowe our hie Priest hath obteined a more excellent office, in as much as he is the Mediatour of a better Testament, which is established vpon better promises. 7 For if that first Testament had bene vnblameable, no place should haue bene sought for the second. 8 For in rebuking them he saith, Beholde, the dayes will come, saith the Lorde, when I shall make with the house of Israel, & with the house of Iuda a newe Testament: 9 Not like the Testament that I made with their fathers, in the day that I tooke them by the hand, to leade them out of the land of Egypt: for they continued not in my Testament, and I regarded them not, saith the Lord. 10 For this is the Testament that I will make with the house of Israel, After those dayes, saith the Lord, I will put my Lawes in their minde, and in their heart I will write them, and I wil be their God, and they shalbe my people, 11 And they shall not teache euery man his neighbour and euery man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall knowe me, from the least of them to the greatest of them. 12 For I will bee mercifull to their vnrighteousnes, and I wil remember their sinnes and their iniquities no more. 13 In that he saith a new Testament, he hath abrogate the olde: nowe that which is disanulled and waxed olde, is ready to vanish away.
• Exod 19:5-6 : 5 Now therefore if ye wil heare my voyce in deede, and keepe my couenant, then ye shalbe my chiefe treasure aboue all people, though all the earth be mine. 6 Yee shall be vnto mee also a kingdome of Priestes, and an holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speake vnto the children of Israel.