Isaiah 24:5

Geneva Bible (1560)

The earth also deceiueth, because of the inhabitantes thereof: for they transgressed the lawes: they changed the ordinances, and brake the euerlasting couenant.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהָאָ֥רֶץ חָנְפָ֖ה תַּ֣חַת יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ כִּֽי־עָבְר֤וּ תוֹרֹת֙ חָ֣לְפוּ חֹ֔ק הֵפֵ֖רוּ בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃

Transliteration

And-the-ʾāreṣ ḥānəpāh taḥat yōšəbehā kî-ʿābərû tôrōt ḥāləpû ḥōq hēpērû bərît ʿôlām

Grammar Details

• *ʾāreṣ*: common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land
• *ḥānəpāh*: Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is polluted/defiled
• *taḥat*: preposition - under/beneath
• *yōšəbehā*: Qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its inhabitants
• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *ʿābərû*: Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have transgressed
• *tôrōt*: common noun, feminine plural - laws/teachings/instructions
• *ḥāləpû*: Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have violated/changed
• *ḥōq*: common noun, masculine singular - statute/decree/ordinance
• *hēpērû*: Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have broken
• *bərît*: common noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of
• *ʿôlām*: common noun, masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity

Word Meanings

• *ḥānəpāh*: is polluted/is defiled/is profaned
• *taḥat*: under/beneath/because of
• *ʿābərû*: have transgressed/have violated/have passed over
• *tôrōt*: laws/teachings/instructions
• *ḥāləpû*: have violated/have changed/have altered
• *ḥōq*: statute/decree/ordinance/boundary
• *hēpērû*: have broken/have annulled/have made void
• *bərît ʿôlām*: everlasting covenant/eternal agreement/perpetual treaty

Referenced Verses

• Num 35:33-34 : 33 So ye shall not pollute the land wherein ye shall dwell: for blood defileth the land: and the land cannot be clensed of the blood that is shed therein, but by the blood of him that shed it. 34 Defile not therefore the lande which yee shall inhabite, For I dwell in the middes thereof: for I the Lord dwel among the children of Israel.
• Dan 7:25 : 25 And shall speake wordes against the most High, and shall consume the Saintes of the most High, and thinke that he may change times and lawes, and they shalbe giuen into his hand, vntill a time, and times and the deuiding of time.
• Rom 8:20-21 : 20 Because the creature is subiect to vanitie, not of it owne will, but by reason of him, which hath subdued it vnder hope, 21 Because the creature also shall be deliuered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious libertie of the sonnes of God.
• Heb 9:1 : 1 Then the first Testament had also ordinances of religion, and a worldly Sanctuarie.
• Heb 13:20 : 20 The God of peace that brought againe from the dead our Lord Iesus, the great shepheard of the sheepe, through the blood of the euerlasting Couenant,
• Dan 9:5 : 5 We haue sinned, and haue committed iniquitie and haue done wickedly, yea, we haue rebelled, and haue departed from thy precepts, and from thy iudgements.
• Dan 9:10 : 10 For we haue not obeyed the voyce of the Lord our God, to walke in his lawes, which he had laide before vs by the ministerie of his seruants the Prophets.
• Mic 2:10 : 10 Arise and depart, for this is not your rest: because it is polluted, it shall destroy you, euen with a sore destruction.
• Mark 7:7-9 : 7 But they worship me in vaine, teaching for doctrines the commandements of men. 8 For ye lay the commaundement of God apart, and obserue the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and of cups, and many other such like things ye doe. 9 And he sayd vnto them, Well, ye reiect the commandement of God, that ye may obserue your owne tradition.
• Luke 1:6 : 6 Both were iust before God, and walked in all the commandements and ordinances of the Lord, without reproofe.
• Gen 3:17-18 : 17 Also to Adam he said, Because thou hast obeyed the voyce of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, (whereof I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eate of it) cursed is the earth for thy sake: in sorowe shalt thou eate of it all the dayes of thy life. 18 Thornes also, and thistles shall it bring foorth to thee, and thou shalt eate the herbe of the fielde.
• Gen 6:11-13 : 11 The earth also was corrupt before God: for the earth was filled with crueltie. 12 Then God looked vpon the earth, and beholde, it was corrupt: for all flesh had corrupt his way vpon the earth. 13 And God said vnto Noah, An ende of all flesh is come before me: for the earth is filled with crueltie through them: and beholde, I wil destroy them with the earth.
• Gen 17:13-14 : 13 He that is borne in thine house, & he that is bought with thy money, must needes be circumcised: so my couenant shall be in your flesh for an euerlasting couenant. 14 But the vncircumcised man childe, in whose flesh the foreskin is not circumcised, euen that person shall be cut off from his people, because he hath broken my couenant.
• Lev 18:24-28 : 24 Yee shall not defile your selues in any of these things: for in al these the nations are defiled, which I will cast out before you: 25 And the land is defiled: therefore I wil visit the wickednesse thereof vpon it, and the lande shall vomit out her inhabitants. 26 Ye shall keepe therefore mine ordinances, and my iudgementes, and commit none of these abominations, aswell hee that is of the same countrey, as the straunger that soiourneth among you. 27 (For all these abominations haue the men of the land done, which were before you, and the land is defiled: 28 And shall not the lande spue you out if ye defile it, as it spued out the people that were before you?)
• Lev 20:22 : 22 Ye shall keepe therefore all mine ordinances and all my iudgements, and doe them, that the land, whither I bring you to dwel therein, spue you not out.
• Deut 32:15 : 15 But he that should haue bene vpright, when he waxed fat, spurned with his heele: thou art fat, thou art grosse, thou art laden with fatnes: therefore he forsooke God that made him, and regarded not the strong God of his saluation.
• Deut 32:20 : 20 And he said, I will hide my face from the: I will see what their ende shalbe: for they are a frowarde generation, children in who is no faith.
• Josh 24:25 : 25 So Ioshua made a couenant with the people the same day, and gaue them an ordinance and lawe in Shechem.
• 2 Sam 23:5 : 5 For so shall not mine house be with God: for he hath made with me an euerlasting couenant, perfite in all pointes, and sure: therefore all mine health and whole desire is, that he will not make it growe so.
• 2 Kgs 17:7-9 : 7 For when the children of Israel sinned against the Lorde their God, which had brought them out of the land of Egypt, fro vnder ye hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt, & feared other gods, 8 And walked according to the facions of the Heathen, whom the Lord had cast out before the children of Israel, and after the maners of the Kings of Israel, which they vsed, 9 And the children of Israel had done secretly things that were not vpright before the Lorde their God, & throughout all their cities had built hie places, both from the tower of the watch, to the defensed citie, 10 And had made them images and groues vpon euery hie hill, and vnder euery greene tree, 11 And there burnt incense in all the hie places, as did the heathen, whom the Lord had taken away before them, and wrought wicked things to anger the Lord, 12 And serued idoles: whereof the Lorde had sayd vnto them, Ye shal do no such thing, 13 Notwithstanding the Lord testified to Israel, and to Iudah by all the Prophets, & by all the Seers, saying, Turne from your euill wayes, and keepe my commandements & my statutes, according to all the Lawe, which I commanded your fathers, and which I sent to you by my seruants the Prophets. 14 Neuerthelesse they would not obey, but hardened their neckes, like to the neckes of their fathers, that did not beleeue in the Lorde their God. 15 And they refused his statutes and his couenant, that he made with their fathers, & his testimonies (wherewith he witnessed vnto them) and they followed vanitie, and became vaine, and followed the heathen that were round about them: concerning whome the Lord had charged them, that they should not do like them. 16 Finally they left all the commaundements of the Lorde their God, and made them molten images, euen two calues, and made a groue, and worshipped all the hoste of heauen, and serued Baal. 17 And they made their sonnes and their daughters passe thorowe the fire, and vsed witchcraft and inchantments, yea, solde them selues to doe euill in the sight of the Lord, to anger him. 18 Therefore the Lord was exceeding wroth with Israel, and put them out of his sight, and none was left but the tribe of Iudah onely. 19 Yet Iudah kept not the commandements of the Lord their God, but walked according to the facion of Israel, which they vsed. 20 Therefore the Lorde cast off all the seede of Israel, and afflicted them, and deliuered them into the handes of spoylers, vntill he had cast them out of his sight. 21 For he cut off Israel from the house of Dauid, and they made Ieroboam the sonne of Nebat King: and Ieroboam drewe Israel away from following the Lorde, and made them sinne a great sinne. 22 For the children of Israel walked in all the sinnes of Ieroboam, which he did, and departed not therefrom, 23 Vntill the Lord put Israel away out of his sight, as he had said by all his seruants the Prophets, and caryed Israel away out of their land to Asshur vnto this day.
• 2 Kgs 22:13-17 : 13 Go ye and inquire of the Lord for me, & for the people, and for all Iudah concerning the wordes of this booke that is founde: for great is the wrath of the Lorde that is kindled against vs, because our fathers haue not obeyed the wordes of this booke, to doe according vnto all that which is written therein for vs. 14 So Hilkiah the Priest and Ahikam, and Achbor & Shaphan, and Asahiah went vnto Huldah the Prophetesse the wife of Shallum, ye sonne of Tikuah, the sonne of Harhas keeper of the wardrobe: (and she dwelt in Ierusalem in the colledge) and they communed with her. 15 And shee answered them, Thus sayth the Lorde God of Israel, Tel the man that sent you to mee, 16 Thus sayth the Lorde, Behold, I wil bring euill vpon this place, & on the inhabitants thereof, euen al the words of the booke which ye King of Iudah hath read, 17 Because they haue forsaken mee, and haue burnt incense vnto other gods, to anger me with all ye works of their hands: my wrath also shalbe kindled against this place & shal not be queched:
• 2 Kgs 23:26-27 : 26 Notwithstanding the Lord turned not from the fiercenesse of his great wrath wherewith he was angrie against Iudah, because of all the prouocatios wherwith Manasseh had prouoked him. 27 Therefore the Lorde saide, I will put Iudah also out of my sight, as I haue put away Israel, and will cast off this citie Ierusalem, which I haue chosen, and the house whereof I said, My name shalbe there.
• 2 Chr 33:9 : 9 So Manasseh made Iudah and the inhabitants of Ierusalem to erre, and to doe worse then the heathen, whome the Lord had destroyed before the children of Israel.
• Ezra 9:6-7 : 6 And said, O my God, I am confounded & ashamed, to lift vp mine eyes vnto thee my God: for our iniquities are increased ouer our head, & our trespasse is growen vp vnto the heauen. 7 From the dayes of our fathers haue we bin in a great trespasse vnto this day, and for our iniquities haue we, our Kings, & our Priestes bene deliuered into the hand of the kings of the lands, vnto the sword, into captiuitie, into a spoyle, and into confusion of face, as appeareth this day.
• Ps 55:5 : 5 Feare and trembling are come vpon mee, and an horrible feare hath couered me.
• Ps 105:10 : 10 And since hath confirmed it to Iaakob for a lawe, and to Israel for an euerlasting couenant,
• Ps 106:36-39 : 36 And serued their idoles, which were their ruine. 37 Yea, they offered their sonnes, and their daughters vnto deuils, 38 And shed innocent blood, euen the blood of their sonnes, & of their daughters, whome they offred vnto the idoles of Canaan, and the lande was defiled with blood. 39 Thus were they steined with their owne woorkes, and went a whoring with their owne inuentions.
• Isa 1:2-5 : 2 Heare, O heauens, and hearken, O earth: for the Lorde hath sayde, I haue nourished and brought vp children, but they haue rebelled against me. 3 The oxe knoweth his owner, and the asse his masters crib: but Israel hath not knowen: my people hath not vnderstand. 4 Ah, sinfull nation, a people laden with iniquitie: a seede of the wicked, corrupt children: they haue forsaken the Lord: they haue prouoked the holy one of Israel to anger: they are gone backewarde. 5 Wherefore shoulde ye be smitten any more? For ye fall away more and more: the whole head is sicke, and the whole heart is heauie.
• Isa 10:6 : 6 I will sende him to a dissembling nation, and I will giue him a charge against the people of my wrath to take the spoyle and to take the pray, and to treade them vnder feete like the mire in the streete.
• Isa 50:1 : 1 Thus sayeth the Lorde, Where is that bill of your mothers diuorcement, whome I haue cast off? or who is the creditour to whome I solde you? Beholde, for your iniquities are yee solde, and because of your transgressions is your mother forsaken.
• Isa 59:1-3 : 1 Beholde, the Lordes hande is not shortened, that it can not saue: neither is his eare heauie, that it cannot heare. 2 But your iniquities haue separated betweene you and your God, and your sinnes haue hidde his face from you, that he will not heare. 3 For your handes are defiled with blood, and your fingers with iniquitie: your lips haue spoken lies & your tongue hath murmured iniquitie.
• Isa 59:12-15 : 12 For our trespasses are many before thee, and our sinnes testifie against vs: for our trespasses are with vs, and we knowe our iniquities 13 In trespassing and lying against the Lorde, and wee haue departed away from our God, and haue spoken of crueltie and rebellion, conceiuing and vttering out of the heart false matters. 14 Therefore iudgement is turned backewarde, and iustice standeth farre off: for trueth is fallen in the streete, and equitie cannot enter. 15 Yea, trueth faileth, and hee that refraineth from euill, maketh himselfe a praye: and when the Lorde sawe it, it displeased him, that there was no iudgement.
• Jer 3:1-2 : 1 They say, If a man put away his wife, and she goe from him, and become another mans, shall hee returne againe vnto her? Shall not this land be polluted? But thou hast played the harlot with many louers: yet turne againe to mee, sayeth the Lord. 2 Lift vp thine eyes vnto the hie places, and beholde, where thou hast not plaied the harlot: thou hast sit waiting for them in the waies, as the Arabian in the wildernesse: and thou hast polluted the lande with thy whoredomes, and with thy malice.
• Jer 50:5 : 5 They shal aske the way to Zion, with their faces thitherward, saying, Come, and let vs cleaue to the Lorde in a perpetuall couenant that shall not be forgotten.
• Ezek 7:20-24 : 20 He had also set the beautie of his ornament in maiestie: but they made images of their abominations, and of their idoles therein: therefore haue I set it farre from them. 21 And I will giue it into the handes of the strangers to be spoyled, and to the wicked of the earth to be robbed, and they shall pollute it. 22 My face will I turne also from them, and they shall pollute my secret place: for the destroyers shall enter into it, and defile it. 23 Make a chaine: for the lande is full of the iudgement of blood, and the citie is full of crueltie. 24 Wherefore I will bring the most wicked of the heathen, and they shall possesse their houses: I will also make the pompe of the mightie to cease, and their holie places shalbe defiled.
• Ezek 20:13 : 13 But the house of Israel rebelled against me in the wildernes: they walked not in my statutes, and they cast away my iudgements, which if a man doe, he shall liue in them, and my Sabbaths haue they greatly polluted: then I thought to powre out mine indignation vpon them in the wildernes to consume them,
• Ezek 20:24 : 24 Because they had not executed my iudgements, but had cast away my statutes and had polluted my Sabbaths, and their eyes were after their fathers idoles.
• Ezek 22:24-31 : 24 Sonne of man, say vnto her; Thou art the land, that is vncleane, and not rained vpon in the day of wrath. 25 There is a conspiracie of her prophets in the mids thereof like a roaring lyon, rauening the praye: they haue deuoured soules: they haue taken the riches and precious things: they haue made her many widowes in the mids thereof. 26 Her Priests haue broken my Lawe, and haue defiled mine holy things: they haue put no difference betweene the holy and prophane, neither discerned betweene the vncleane, and the cleane, and haue hid their eyes from my Sabbaths, and I am prophaned among them. 27 Her princes in the mids thereof are like wolues, rauening the praye to shed blood, and to destroy soules for their owne couetous lucre. 28 And her prophets haue dawbed them with vntempered morter, seeing vanities, and diuining lies vnto them, saying, Thus sayth the Lord God, when the Lord had not spoken. 29 The people of the land haue violently oppressed by spoyling and robbing, and haue vexed the poore and the needy: yea, they haue oppressed the stranger against right. 30 And I sought for a man among them, that should make vp the hedge, and stand in the gap before me for the land, that I should not destroy it, but I found none. 31 Therefore haue I powred out mine indignation vpon them, and consumed them with the fire of my wrath: their owne wayes haue I rendred vpon their heads, sayth the Lord God.
• Ezek 37:26 : 26 Moreouer, I will make a couenant of peace with them: it shall be an euerlasting couenant with them, and I wil place them, and multiply them, and wil set my Sanctuarie among them for euermore.