James 1:15

Authorized King James Version (1611)

Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin: and sin, when it is finished, bringeth forth death.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Εἶτα ἡ ἐπιθυμία συλλαβοῦσα, τίκτει ἁμαρτίαν: ἡ δὲ ἁμαρτία, ἀποτελεσθεῖσα, ἀποκύει θάνατον.

Transliteration

Then the epithymia having syllabousa, tiktei hamartian: and the hamartia, having been apotelestheisa, apokyei thanaton.

Grammar Details

• *epithymia*: nominative, feminine, singular - subject
• *syllabousa*: aorist, active, participle, nominative, feminine, singular - having conceived
• *tiktei*: present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - gives birth to
• *hamartian*: accusative, feminine, singular - direct object
• *hamartia*: nominative, feminine, singular - subject
• *apotelestheisa*: aorist, passive, participle, nominative, feminine, singular - having been completed
• *apokyei*: present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - brings forth
• *thanaton*: accusative, masculine, singular - direct object

Word Meanings

• *epithymia*: desire/lust/craving
• *syllabousa*: having conceived/having become pregnant
• *tiktei*: gives birth to/bears/produces
• *hamartian*: sin/wrongdoing/error
• *apotelestheisa*: having been completed/having been finished/having been brought to maturity
• *apokyei*: brings forth/gives birth to/produces
• *thanaton*: death/mortality

Referenced Verses

• Ps 7:14 : 14 Behold, he travaileth with iniquity, and hath conceived mischief, and brought forth falsehood.
• Job 15:35 : 35 They conceive mischief, and bring forth vanity, and their belly prepareth deceit.
• Gen 2:17 : 17 But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.
• Isa 59:4 : 4 None calleth for justice, nor [any] pleadeth for truth: they trust in vanity, and speak lies; they conceive mischief, and bring forth iniquity.
• Gen 3:6 : 6 ¶ And when the woman saw that the tree [was] good for food, and that it [was] pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make [one] wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.
• Gen 3:17-19 : 17 ¶ And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed [is] the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat [of] it all the days of thy life; 18 Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; 19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou [art], and unto dust shalt thou return.
• Gen 4:5-8 : 5 But unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell. 6 ¶ And the LORD said unto Cain, Why art thou wroth? and why is thy countenance fallen? 7 If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee [shall be] his desire, and thou shalt rule over him. 8 ¶ And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him.
• Ps 9:17 : 17 The wicked shall be turned into hell, [and] all the nations that forget God.
• Mic 2:1-3 : 1 ¶ Woe to them that devise iniquity, and work evil upon their beds! when the morning is light, they practise it, because it is in the power of their hand. 2 And they covet fields, and take [them] by violence; and houses, and take [them] away: so they oppress a man and his house, even a man and his heritage. 3 Therefore thus saith the LORD; Behold, against this family do I devise an evil, from which ye shall not remove your necks; neither shall ye go haughtily: for this time [is] evil.
• Matt 26:14 : 14 ¶ Then one of the twelve, called Judas Iscariot, went unto the chief priests,
• Matt 26:48-59 : 48 Now he that betrayed him gave them a sign, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he: hold him fast. 49 And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master; and kissed him. 50 And Jesus said unto him, ‹Friend, wherefore art thou come?› Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him. 51 And, behold, one of them which were with Jesus stretched out [his] hand, and drew his sword, and struck a servant of the high priest's, and smote off his ear. 52 Then said Jesus unto him, ‹Put up again thy sword into his place: for all they that take the sword shall perish with the sword.› 53 ‹Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my Father, and he shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels?› 54 ‹But how then shall the scriptures be fulfilled, that thus it must be?› 55 In that same hour said Jesus to the multitudes, ‹Are ye come out as against a thief with swords and staves for to take me? I sat daily with you teaching in the temple, and ye laid no hold on me.› 56 ‹But all this was done, that the scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled.› Then all the disciples forsook him, and fled. 57 ¶ And they that had laid hold on Jesus led [him] away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were assembled. 58 But Peter followed him afar off unto the high priest's palace, and went in, and sat with the servants, to see the end. 59 Now the chief priests, and elders, and all the council, sought false witness against Jesus, to put him to death;
• Acts 5:1-3 : 1 ¶ But a certain man named Ananias, with Sapphira his wife, sold a possession, 2 And kept back [part] of the price, his wife also being privy [to it], and brought a certain part, and laid [it] at the apostles' feet. 3 But Peter said, Ananias, why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Ghost, and to keep back [part] of the price of the land?
• Rom 5:12-21 : 12 Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned: 13 (For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law. 14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come. 15 But not as the offence, so also [is] the free gift. For if through the offence of one many be dead, much more the grace of God, and the gift by grace, [which is] by one man, Jesus Christ, hath abounded unto many. 16 And not as [it was] by one that sinned, [so is] the gift: for the judgment [was] by one to condemnation, but the free gift [is] of many offences unto justification. 17 For if by one man's offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness shall reign in life by one, Jesus Christ.) 18 Therefore as by the offence of one [judgment came] upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one [the free gift came] upon all men unto justification of life. 19 For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. 20 Moreover the law entered, that the offence might abound. But where sin abounded, grace did much more abound: 21 That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ our Lord.
• Rom 6:21-23 : 21 What fruit had ye then in those things whereof ye are now ashamed? for the end of those things [is] death. 22 But now being made free from sin, and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life. 23 For the wages of sin [is] death; but the gift of God [is] eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
• Rev 20:14-15 : 14 And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death. 15 And whosoever was not found written in the book of life was cast into the lake of fire.