Deuteronomy 1:16

King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

And I charged your judges at that time, saying, Hear the causes between your brethren, and judge righteously between every man and his brother, and the stranger that is with him.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וָאֲצַוֶּה֙ אֶת־שֹׁ֣פְטֵיכֶ֔ם בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִ֖וא לֵאמֹ֑ר שָׁמֹ֤עַ בֵּין־אֲחֵיכֶם֙ וּשְׁפַטְתֶּ֣ם צֶ֔דֶק בֵּֽין־אִ֥ישׁ וּבֵין־אָחִ֖יו וּבֵ֥ין גֵּרֽוֹ

Transliteration

And-wāʾăṣawweh ʾeṯ-šōpṭêḵem in-the-ʿēṯ the-hî lēʾmōr šāmōaʿ between-ʾăḥêḵem and-ušəpaṭtem ṣedeq between-ʾîš and-between-ʾāḥîw and-between-gērô

Grammar Details

• *wāʾăṣawweh*: piel imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I commanded/charged
• *šōpṭêḵem*: masculine plural participle with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your judges
• *ʿēṯ*: feminine singular noun with definite article - the time
• *hî*: feminine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - that
• *lēʾmōr*: qal infinitive construct - saying
• *šāmōaʿ*: qal infinitive absolute - hearing/listening
• *ʾăḥêḵem*: masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your brothers
• *ušəpaṭtem*: qal perfect 2nd masculine plural with waw conjunction - and you shall judge
• *ṣedeq*: masculine singular noun - righteousness/justice
• *ʾîš*: masculine singular noun - man
• *ʾāḥîw*: masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother
• *gērô*: masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his foreigner/sojourner

Word Meanings

• *wāʾăṣawweh*: and I commanded/charged/instructed
• *šōpṭêḵem*: your judges/magistrates
• *šāmōaʿ*: hearing/listening/paying attention
• *ʾăḥêḵem*: your brothers/relatives/kinsmen
• *ušəpaṭtem*: and you shall judge/decide/govern
• *ṣedeq*: righteousness/justice/fairness
• *gērô*: his foreigner/sojourner/resident alien

Referenced Verses

• John 7:24 : 24 Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous judgment.
• Lev 24:22 : 22 Ye shall have one manner of law, as well for the stranger, as for one of your own country: for I am the LORD your God.
• Deut 16:18-19 : 18 Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, throughout thy tribes: and they shall judge the people with just judgment. 19 Thou shalt not wrest judgment; thou shalt not respect persons, neither take a gift: for a gift doth blind the eyes of the wise, and pervert the words of the righteous.
• Deut 24:14 : 14 Thou shalt not oppress an hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that are in thy land within thy gates:
• Deut 27:11 : 11 And Moses charged the people the same day, saying,
• Deut 31:14 : 14 And the LORD said unto Moses, Behold, thy days approach that thou must die: call Joshua, and present yourselves in the tabernacle of the congregation, that I may give him a charge. And Moses and Joshua went, and presented themselves in the tabernacle of the congregation.
• 2 Sam 23:3 : 3 The God of Israel said, the Rock of Israel spake to me, He that ruleth over men must be just, ruling in the fear of God.
• 2 Chr 19:6-9 : 6 And said to the judges, Take heed what ye do: for ye judge not for man, but for the LORD, who is with you in the judgment. 7 Wherefore now let the fear of the LORD be upon you; take heed and do it: for there is no iniquity with the LORD our God, nor respect of persons, nor taking of gifts. 8 Moreover in Jerusalem did Jehoshaphat set of the Levites, and of the priests, and of the chief of the fathers of Israel, for the judgment of the LORD, and for controversies, when they returned to Jerusalem. 9 And he charged them, saying, Thus shall ye do in the fear of the LORD, faithfully, and with a perfect heart. 10 And what cause soever shall come to you of your brethren that dwell in their cities, between blood and blood, between law and commandment, statutes and judgments, ye shall even warn them that they trespass not against the LORD, and so wrath come upon you, and upon your brethren: this do, and ye shall not trespass.
• Ps 58:1 : 1 To the chief Musician, Al-taschith, Michtam of David. Do ye indeed speak righteousness, O congregation? do ye judge uprightly, O ye sons of men?
• Exod 22:21 : 21 Thou shalt neither v a stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
• Exod 23:2-3 : 2 Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil; neither shalt thou speak in a cause to decline after many to wrest judgment: 3 Neither shalt thou countenance a poor man in his cause.
• Exod 23:7-9 : 7 Keep thee far from a false matter; and the innocent and righteous slay thou not: for I will not justify the wicked. 8 And thou shalt take no gift: for the gift blindeth the wise, and perverteth the words of the righteous. 9 Also thou shalt not oppress a stranger: for ye know the heart of a stranger, seeing ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
• Lev 19:15 : 15 Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment: thou shalt not respect the person of the poor, nor honour the person of the mighty: but in righteousness shalt thou judge thy neighbour.
• Num 27:19 : 19 And set him before Eleazar the priest, and before all the congregation; and give him a charge in their sight.
• Deut 10:18-19 : 18 He doth execute the judgment of the fatherless and widow, and loveth the stranger, in giving him food and raiment. 19 Love ye therefore the stranger: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
• 1 Thess 2:11 : 11 As ye know how we exhorted and comforted and charged every one of you, as a father doth his children,
• 1 Tim 5:21 : 21 I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality.
• 1 Tim 6:17 : 17 Charge them that are rich in this world, that they be not highminded, nor trust in uncertain riches, but in the living God, who giveth us richly all things to enjoy;