2 Corinthians 4:4

King James Version with Strong's Numbers

In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἐν οἷς ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου ἐτύφλωσεν τὰ νοήματα τῶν ἀπίστων, εἰς τὸ μὴ αὐγάσαι αὐτοῖς, τὸν φωτισμὸν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τῆς δόξης τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὅς ἐστιν εἰκὼν τοῦ Θεοῦ.

Transliteration

In hois the Theos tou aiōnos toutou etyphlōsen ta noēmata tōn apistōn, for the not augasai autois, the phōtismon tou euangeliou tēs doxēs tou Christou, who estin eikōn tou Theou.

Grammar Details

• *hois*: relative pronoun, dative masculine plural - in whom/in which
• *Theos*: nominative masculine singular - God/deity
• *tou aiōnos*: genitive masculine singular - of the age/world
• *toutou*: demonstrative pronoun, genitive masculine singular - of this
• *etyphlōsen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - blinded/made blind
• *ta noēmata*: accusative neuter plural - the minds/thoughts
• *tōn apistōn*: genitive masculine plural - of the unbelieving/faithless
• *augasai*: aorist active infinitive - to see/shine/dawn
• *autois*: dative masculine plural pronoun - to them
• *phōtismon*: accusative masculine singular - light/illumination/radiancy
• *tou euangeliou*: genitive neuter singular - of the gospel
• *tēs doxēs*: genitive feminine singular - of the glory
• *tou Christou*: genitive masculine singular - of Christ
• *estin*: present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is
• *eikōn*: nominative feminine singular - image/likeness
• *tou Theou*: genitive masculine singular - of God

Word Meanings

• *Theos tou aiōnos toutou*: god of this age/god of this world
• *etyphlōsen*: blinded/made blind/darkened
• *noēmata*: minds/thoughts/mental perceptions/purposes
• *apistōn*: unbelieving/faithless/untrustworthy
• *augasai*: see/shine/dawn/perceive
• *phōtismon*: light/illumination/radiancy/brightness
• *eikōn*: image/likeness/representation/manifestation

Referenced Verses

• John 12:40 : 40 He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.
• 2 Cor 4:6 : 6 For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.
• 2 Cor 3:14 : 14 But their minds were blinded: for until this day remaineth the same vail untaken away in the reading of the old testament; which vail is done away in Christ.
• Isa 6:10 : 10 Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed.
• 1 John 5:19 : 19 And we know that we are of God, and the whole world lieth in wickedness.
• Eph 2:2 : 2 Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience:
• Eph 6:12 : 12 For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places.
• Heb 1:3 : 3 Who being the brightness of his glory, and the express image of his person, and upholding all things by the word of his power, when he had by himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high;
• Phil 2:6 : 6 Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God:
• John 12:31 : 31 Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out.
• John 14:9-9 : 9 Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Shew us the Father? 10 Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works.
• Acts 26:18 : 18 To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in me.
• 1 Cor 10:20 : 20 But I say, that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to devils, and not to God: and I would not that ye should have fellowship with devils.
• Isa 60:1-2 : 1 Arise, shine; for thy light is come, and the glory of the LORD is risen upon thee. 2 For, behold, the darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the people: but the LORD shall arise upon thee, and his glory shall be seen upon thee.
• Col 1:15 : 15 Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature:
• 2 Cor 3:18 : 18 But we all, with open face beholding as in a glass the glory of the Lord, are changed into the same image from glory to glory, even as by the Spirit of the Lord.
• 1 Tim 1:11 : 11 According to the glorious gospel of the blessed God, which was committed to my trust.
• Titus 2:13 : 13 Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ;
• John 16:11 : 11 Of judgment, because the prince of this world is judged.
• John 1:14 : 14 And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us,(and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.
• John 1:18 : 18 No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.
• 2 Cor 3:8-9 : 8 How shall not the ministration of the spirit be rather glorious? 9 For if the ministration of condemnation be glory, much more doth the ministration of righteousness exceed in glory.
• 2 Cor 3:11 : 11 For if that which is done away was glorious, much more that which remaineth is glorious.
• John 14:30 : 30 Hereafter I will not talk much with you: for the prince of this world cometh, and hath nothing in me.
• John 15:24 : 24 If I had not done among them the works which none other man did, they had not had sin: but now have they both seen and hated both me and my Father.
• John 12:45 : 45 And he that seeth me seeth him that sent me.
• John 8:12 : 12 Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.
• John 12:35 : 35 Then Jesus said unto them, Yet a little while is the light with you. Walk while ye have the light, lest darkness come upon you: for he that walketh in darkness knoweth not whither he goeth.
• Matt 4:8-9 : 8 Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them; 9 And saith unto him, All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me.
• 1 Kgs 22:22 : 22 And the LORD said unto him, Wherewith? And he said, I will go forth, and I will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets. And he said, Thou shalt persuade him, and prevail also: go forth, and do so.
• Ps 50:2 : 2 Out of Zion, the perfection of beauty, God hath shined{H8689)}.
• 2 Pet 1:19 : 19 We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts:
• 1 John 2:8 : 8 Again, a new commandment I write unto you, which thing is true in him and in you: because the darkness is past, and the true light now shineth.
• Rev 20:2-3 : 2 And he laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the Devil, and Satan, and bound him a thousand years, 3 And cast him into the bottomless pit, and shut him up, and set a seal upon him, that he should deceive the nations no more, till the thousand years should be fulfilled: and after that he must be loosed a little season.
• Col 1:27 : 27 To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory: