Exodus 20:17

King James Version with Strong's Numbers

Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד בֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֑ךָ לֹֽא־תַחְמֹ֞ד אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֶ֗ךָ וְעַבְדּ֤וֹ וַאֲמָתוֹ֙ וְשׁוֹר֣וֹ וַחֲמֹר֔וֹ וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְרֵעֶֽךָ׃

Transliteration

lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ bêṯ rēʿeḵā lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ ʾēsheṯ rēʿeḵā wə-ʿaḇdô wa-ʾămāṯô wə-shôrô wa-ḥămōrô wə-ḵōl ʾăsher lə-rēʿeḵā

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ*: negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet
• *bêṯ*: masculine singular construct - house of
• *rēʿeḵā*: masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor
• *lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ*: negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet
• *ʾēsheṯ*: feminine singular construct - wife of
• *wə-ʿaḇdô*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his male servant
• *wa-ʾămāṯô*: conjunction + feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his female servant
• *wə-shôrô*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his ox
• *wa-ḥămōrô*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his donkey
• *wə-ḵōl*: conjunction + noun construct - or anything
• *ʾăsher*: relative pronoun - that
• *lə-rēʿeḵā*: preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - [belongs] to your neighbor

Word Meanings

• *ṯaḥmōḏ*: covet/desire strongly/lust after/scheme to acquire
• *bêṯ*: house/household/dwelling place/family
• *ʾēsheṯ*: wife/woman

Referenced Verses

• Rom 13:9 : 9 For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet; and if there be any other commandment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
• Luke 12:15 : 15 And he said unto them, Take heed, and beware of covetousness: for a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth.
• Rom 7:7 : 7 What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by the law: for I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet.
• Heb 13:5 : 5 Let your conversation be without covetousness; and be content with such things as ye have: for he hath said, I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee.
• Col 3:5 : 5 Mortify therefore your members which are upon the earth; fornication, uncleanness, inordinate affection, evil concupiscence, and covetousness, which is idolatry:
• Eph 5:3 : 3 But fornication, and all uncleanness, or covetousness, let it not be once named among you, as becometh saints;
• Matt 5:28 : 28 But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart.
• Mic 2:2 : 2 And they covet fields, and take them by violence; and houses, and take them away: so they oppress a man and his house, even a man and his heritage.
• Jer 5:8 : 8 They were as fed horses in the morning: every one neighed after his neighbour's wife.
• Jer 22:17 : 17 But thine eyes and thine heart are not but for thy covetousness, and for to shed innocent blood, and for oppression, and for violence, to do it.
• Ezek 33:31 : 31 And they come unto thee as the people cometh, and they sit before thee as my people, and they hear thy words, but they will not do them: for with their mouth they shew much love, but their heart goeth after their covetousness.
• Amos 2:6-7 : 6 Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Israel, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they sold the righteous for silver, and the poor for a pair of shoes; 7 That pant after the dust of the earth on the head of the poor, and turn aside the way of the meek: and a man and his father will go in unto the same maid, to profane my holy name:
• Hab 2:9 : 9 Woe to him that coveteth an evil covetousness to his house, that he may set his nest on high, that he may be delivered from the power of evil!
• Matt 20:15 : 15 {G2228} Is it not lawful for me to do what I will with mine own? Is thine eye evil, because I am good?
• Eph 5:5 : 5 For this ye know, that no whoremonger, nor unclean person, nor covetous man, who is an idolater, hath any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and of God.
• 1 Cor 6:10 : 10 Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
• Luke 16:14 : 14 And the Pharisees also, who were covetous, heard all these things: and they derided him.
• Acts 5:4 : 4 Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God.
• Acts 20:33 : 33 I have coveted no man's silver, or gold, or apparel.
• Gen 3:6 : 6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.
• Gen 14:23 : 23 That I will not take from a thread even to a shoelatchet, and that I will not take any thing that is thine, lest thou shouldest say, I have made Abram rich:
• Gen 34:23 : 23 Shall not their cattle and their substance and every beast of theirs be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.
• Josh 7:21 : 21 When I saw among the spoils a goodly Babylonish garment, and two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge of gold of fifty shekels weight, then I coveted them, and took them; and, behold, they are hid in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under it.
• 1 Sam 15:19 : 19 Wherefore then didst thou not obey the voice of the LORD, but didst fly upon the spoil, and didst evil in the sight of the LORD?
• 2 Sam 11:2-4 : 2 And it came to pass in an eveningtide, that David arose from off his bed, and walked upon the roof of the king's house: and from the roof he saw a woman washing herself; and the woman was very beautiful to look upon. 3 And David sent and enquired after the woman. And one said, Is not this Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam, the wife of Uriah the Hittite? 4 And David sent messengers, and took her; and she came in unto him, and he lay with her; for she was purified from her uncleanness: and she returned unto her house.
• Job 31:1 : 1 I made a covenant with mine eyes; why then should I think upon a maid?
• Job 31:9 : 9 If mine heart have been deceived by a woman, or if I have laid wait at my neighbour's door;
• Ps 10:3 : 3 For the wicked boasteth of his heart's desire, and blesseth the covetous, whom the LORD abhorreth.
• Ps 119:36 : 36 Incline my heart unto thy testimonies, and not to covetousness.
• Prov 4:23 : 23 Keep thy heart with all diligence; for out of it are the issues of life.
• Prov 6:24-25 : 24 To keep thee from the evil woman, from the flattery of the tongue of a strange woman. 25 Lust not after her beauty in thine heart; neither let her take thee with her eyelids.
• Eccl 4:8 : 8 There is one alone, and there is not a second; yea, he hath neither child nor brother: yet is there no end of all his labour; neither is his eye satisfied with riches; neither saith he, For whom do I labour, and bereave my soul of good? This is also vanity, yea, it is a sore travail.
• Eccl 5:10-11 : 10 He that loveth silver shall not be satisfied with silver; nor he that loveth abundance with increase: this is also vanity. 11 When goods increase, they are increased that eat them: and what good is there to the owners thereof, saving the beholding of them with their eyes?
• Isa 33:15 : 15 He that walketh righteously, and speaketh uprightly; he that despiseth the gain of oppressions, that shaketh his hands from holding of bribes, that stoppeth his ears from hearing of blood, and shutteth his eyes from seeing evil;
• Isa 57:17 : 17 For the iniquity of his covetousness was I wroth, and smote him: I hid me, and was wroth, and he went on frowardly in the way of his heart.
• 1 Tim 6:6-9 : 6 But godliness with contentment is great gain. 7 For we brought nothing into this world, and it is certain we can carry nothing out. 8 And having food and raiment let us be therewith content. 9 But they that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which drown men in destruction and perdition. 10 For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows.
• Phil 3:19 : 19 Whose end is destruction, whose God is their belly, and whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things.)