Jeremiah 31:13

King James Version with Strong's Numbers

Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, both young men and old together: for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אָ֣ז תִּשְׂמַ֤ח בְּתוּלָה֙ בְּמָח֔וֹל וּבַחֻרִ֥ים וּזְקֵנִ֖ים יַחְדָּ֑ו וְהָפַכְתִּ֨י אֶבְלָ֤ם לְשָׂשׂוֹן֙ וְנִ֣חַמְתִּ֔ים וְשִׂמַּחְתִּ֖ים מִיגוֹנָֽם׃

Transliteration

Then tiśmaḥ bətûlâ in māḥôl, and baḥûrîm and zəqēnîm yaḥdāw; and hāpaktî ʾeblām to śāśôn, and niḥamtîm and śimmaḥtîm from yâgônām.

Grammar Details

• *tiśmaḥ*: verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she will rejoice
• *bətûlâ*: noun, feminine singular - virgin
• *māḥôl*: noun, masculine singular - dance
• *baḥûrîm*: noun, masculine plural - young men
• *zəqēnîm*: adjective, masculine plural - old men/elders
• *yaḥdāw*: adverb - together
• *hāpaktî*: verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will turn/change
• *ʾeblām*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their mourning
• *śāśôn*: noun, masculine singular - joy/gladness
• *niḥamtîm*: verb, piel perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will comfort them
• *śimmaḥtîm*: verb, piel perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will make them rejoice
• *yâgônām*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sorrow

Word Meanings

• *tiśmaḥ*: she will rejoice/be glad/be joyful
• *bətûlâ*: virgin/maiden
• *māḥôl*: dance/dancing procession
• *baḥûrîm*: young men/chosen men
• *zəqēnîm*: old men/elders/aged ones
• *yaḥdāw*: together/at the same time/altogether
• *hāpaktî*: I will turn/change/transform
• *ʾeblām*: their mourning/grief
• *śāśôn*: joy/gladness/exultation
• *niḥamtîm*: I will comfort them/console them
• *śimmaḥtîm*: I will make them rejoice/cause them to be glad
• *yâgônām*: their sorrow/grief/anguish

Referenced Verses

• Ps 30:11 : 11 Thou hast turned for me my mourning into dancing: thou hast put off my sackcloth, and girded me with gladness;
• Isa 51:11 : 11 Therefore the redeemed of the LORD shall return, and come with singing unto Zion; and everlasting joy shall be upon their head: they shall obtain gladness and joy; and sorrow and mourning shall flee away.
• Isa 61:3 : 3 To appoint unto them that mourn in Zion, to give unto them beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness; that they might be called trees of righteousness, the planting of the LORD, that he might be glorified.
• Jer 31:4 : 4 Again I will build thee, and thou shalt be built, O virgin of Israel: thou shalt again be adorned with thy tabrets, and shalt go forth in the dances of them that make merry.
• Ps 149:3 : 3 Let them praise his name in the dance: let them sing praises unto him with the timbrel and harp.
• Isa 35:10 : 10 And the ransomed of the LORD shall return, and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads: they shall obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.
• Isa 51:3 : 3 For the LORD shall comfort Zion: he will comfort all her waste places; and he will make her wilderness like Eden, and her desert like the garden of the LORD; joy and gladness shall be found therein, thanksgiving, and the voice of melody.
• Ezra 6:22 : 22 And kept the feast of unleavened bread seven days with joy: for the LORD had made them joyful, and turned the heart of the king of Assyria unto them, to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of God, the God of Israel.
• Neh 12:27 : 27 And at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem they sought the Levites out of all their places, to bring them to Jerusalem, to keep the dedication with gladness, both with thanksgivings, and with singing, with cymbals, psalteries, and with harps.
• Neh 12:43 : 43 Also that day they offered great sacrifices, and rejoiced: for God had made them rejoice with great joy: the wives also and the children rejoiced: so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even afar off.
• Esth 9:22 : 22 As the days wherein the Jews rested from their enemies, and the month which was turned unto them from sorrow to joy, and from mourning into a good day: that they should make them days of feasting and joy, and of sending portions one to another, and gifts to the poor.
• Zech 8:4-5 : 4 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; There shall yet old men and old women dwell in the streets of Jerusalem, and every man with his staff in his hand for very age. 5 And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets thereof.
• Zech 8:19 : 19 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; The fast of the fourth month, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth, shall be to the house of Judah joy and gladness, and cheerful feasts; therefore love the truth and peace.
• John 16:22 : 22 And ye now therefore have sorrow: but I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and your joy no man taketh from you.
• Isa 65:18-19 : 18 But be ye glad and rejoice for ever in that which I create: for, behold, I create Jerusalem a rejoicing, and her people a joy. 19 And I will rejoice in Jerusalem, and joy in my people: and the voice of weeping shall be no more heard in her, nor the voice of crying.
• Isa 60:20 : 20 Thy sun shall no more go down; neither shall thy moon withdraw itself: for the LORD shall be thine everlasting light, and the days of thy mourning shall be ended.